河南省低碳农业发展水平及其评价

目的]大力低碳农业生产可以有效应对因碳排放增加造成的全球变暖问题,通过构建低碳农业综合评价指标体系,对河南省低碳农业综合发展水平进行评价,以期为科学规划低碳农业提供一定依据。方法]以2005~2015年间河南省农业碳排放量为基础,设定相应的评价指标,构建评价体系,利用层次分析法并对河南省低碳农业的整体发展水平进行评价。结果]2005~2015年河南省碳排放量总体表现为上升的趋势,其中化肥碳排放量最大,约占碳排放总量的70%;河南省低碳农业发展整体呈上升趋势,2015年低碳农业综合得分是2005年的1.6倍,其中农业生产要素产出效率增长最快,增长2.4倍;2011年前后农业生产要素产出率指标变化情况比较明显,2011年为河南省低碳农业发展的转型年份。结论]低碳农业是低碳经济中不可缺少的构成部分,强调在开展农业活动的过程中发展低碳农业,实现对传统农业生产模式的创新和改变,最终实现现代农业的可持续发展。目前影响作为河南省低碳农业进一步发展的主要因素是农业资源投入,在今后低碳农业的发展中必须要减少农药、化肥的使用量,同时提高农业科技水平,推动循环和生态农业的健康发展。

THE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL AND EVALUATION OF LOW-CARBON AGRICULTURE IN HENAN PROVINCE

Low carbon agricultural production can effectively cope with global warming caused by increased carbon emissions. By building a low carbon agriculture comprehensive evaluation index system, this paper tried to evaluate the low-carbon agriculture comprehensive development level of Henan province in order to provide a certain basis for scientific planning of low-carbon agriculture. Based on the agricultural carbon emissions in Henan from 2005 to 2015, the corresponding evaluation indexes were set up, and the evaluation system was established. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to evaluate the overall development of low-carbon agriculture in Henan. The overall carbon emission in Henan province showed an upward trend from 2005 to 2015, of which the largest was carbon emission from chemical fertilizers, accounting for about 70% of total carbon emissions. The overall development of low-carbon agriculture in Henan showed an upward trend. In 2015, low-carbon agriculture comprehensive score was 1.6 times in 2005, of which agricultural output efficiency is the fastest-growing factor, an increase of 2.4 times. Before and after 2011, the output index of agricultural production factors changed obviously. 2011 was low-carbon agriculture year of transition in Henan. Low-carbon agriculture is an indispensable component of low-carbon economy. It emphasizes the development of low-carbon agriculture in the process of agricultural activities, the innovation and change of traditional agricultural production mode and the realization of the sustainable development of modern agriculture. At present, the main factor influencing the further development of low-carbon agriculture in Henan is the input of agricultural resources. In the future development of low-carbon agriculture, it is necessary to reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, raise the level of agricultural science and technology, and promote the healthy development of recycling and ecological agriculture.