农民工分化与留守儿童流变——以安徽枞阳DS村为例

农民工分化与留守儿童流变的相关性研究是对留守儿童研究的拓进。安徽省枞阳县DS村的个案研究表明：当前农民工主体的新生代农民工也发生了横向上的职业分化和纵向上的岗位分层，初步形成了自立门户的工商业者、企业白领和完全依赖受薪的苦力从上到下的蜡烛台式的分层结构。留守儿童就是父母为外出务工谋生的农民工而守望着家园的法定劳动年龄以下的未成年人，留守儿童流变即是留守时期里发生的留守儿童由“留守”到“非留守”或非留守儿童由“非留守”到“留守”等的变化及其结果的确定。留守儿童次生于农民工，留守儿童流变决定于农民工分化，留守儿童流变的方向及其结果的确定也决定于农民工分化流动的水平及其分层位次等。因此，解决留守儿童问题的直接前提是农民工的销镕。

The Differentiation of Migrant Workers and the Flow of Left-Behind Children--Exemplified by Dashan village in Zongyang county,Anhui Province

The research of left-behind children can be furthered by the study on the relativity between the differentiation of migrant workers and the flow of left-behind children. Case study by Dashan village in Zongyang county, Anhui Province shows that the main body of the new-generation migrant workers have also undergone the horizontal differentiation and vertical occupation post stratification, the initial formation of the candle desktop layered structure by the industrial and commercial enterprises keep house, the white-collar workers and the cooly of rely entirely on salaried from top to bottom. Left-behind children are those whose parents are migrant workers to make a living under the legal working age of minors, the flow of left-behind children refers to the left-behind period that changes by the ＂left-be- hind＂ to ＂ non left behind＂ or non left-behind children from ＂non left behind＂ to ＂left-behind＂ and the determination of the results. Left-behind children born in the rural migrant workers. The direction and its result of determination to the flow of left-behind children depends on the level of differentiation and stratification of migrant workers. Directly to solve the problem of left-behind children, therefore, the premise is dissolved of migrant workers.