论公共部门合理边界的决定——兼论混合公共部门的价格形成机制

本文从中国公共部门(主要是提供私人品的公共部门)实际存在的问题出发,研究了其中存在的政府失灵,揭示了其根源在于政府目标的错位,在于缺乏公共需求对于公共供给的决定机制和信息互动反馈机制。由此导致了以政府目标为基础的公共部门的边界经常是模糊不清的。因此,我们从理论上提出了社会效益目标最优化所决定的公共部门边界的基本命题,以此作为评价政府行为是否合理的依据。由于公共品与私人品的边界不清还必然导致混合公共部门的价格扭曲,在合理界定两者的前提下,通过不同约束条件和不同范围内的放开行业准入,引进多元化的竞争方式,能够增加公共供给和缓解供给不足,形成合理价格的均衡基础。

On Reasonable Boundary of Public Sectors:Price Determination in Public Sectors with Mixture Nature

From the view of existing problems in Chinese public sectors, we have studied the failures of government, and try to find its reasons. Government behavior depends on its targets. If government maximize their own benefits but not social welfare, if there are no constraints of public demand for public sector, government could expand boundary of public sectors as it likes. In this way it could result in the unlimited boundary of public sectors controlled by government. Therefore we give the theoretical proposition that make government distinguished from private sectors clearly. Based on the theory we can identify whether government behavior is good for optimal target of social welfare or for its own benefits. The confusion between public and private sectors also cause price distortion. In condition of reasonable boundary between them, liberalizing barrier to entry and introducing competition in certain constraints could increase public supply, and form equilibrium price in mixture sector with nature of both private and public.