两岸土地改革60年回顾、比较及启示

研究目的:比较分析两岸土地改革的历程和经验,增进对土地改革的理解和启示。研究方法:文献资料法和比较分析法。研究结果:(1)1949年以来,大陆历经5阶段、台湾历经3阶段的土地改革;(2)两岸土地改革动力、阻力、本质、演进路径等相同;(3)两岸土地改革的思想渊源、改革方式、衍生问题等有所不同。研究结论:(1)两岸土地改革积累了宝贵经验,可供相互参考和借鉴;(2)土地改革要与社会经济发展阶段相适应;(3)土地改革要协调各方利益,提供正确激励。

Review, Comparison and Implications of the 60 Years’ Land Reforms in Chinese Mainland and Taiwan

The purposes of this paper are to compare and analyze the progresses and experiences of land reforms in Chinese Mainland and Taiwan, and to enhance the understanding and implications of land reforms. Methods employed were documentary analysis and comparative analysis. The results indicate that:（1）there were 3 and 5 stages during the land reforms in Chinese Mainland and Taiwan since 1949, respectively;（2）the land reforms in Chinese Mainland and Taiwan had the same motivation, resistance, essence and evolution paths, etc.;（3）the ideological origins, modes and derivative problems of the land reforms in Chinese Mainland and Taiwan are different. It is concluded that:（1）precious experiences have been accumulated from the land reforms in Chinese Mainland and Taiwan, which can be mutually used for reference between the two sides;（2）land reform should be in conformity with the stage of socio-economic development;（3）the benefits of related interest groups should be coordinated during land reform, and appropriate incentives should also be provided.