我国乡村振兴若干问题思考

[目的]乡村振兴战略是新时期我国"三农"工作的总抓手,是一项复杂的系统工程。从理论层面和操作层面对乡村振兴的规律性问题、规划落地问题进行综合系统探究,对有序推进乡村振兴具有重要理论和现实意义。[方法]基于当前乡村振兴战略实施现状和学术研究前沿,从城乡融合发展的视角系统探讨乡村振兴的理论逻辑、发展目标及实现路径。[结果]目前,我国乡村振兴理论准备不足,概念、标准、动力等尚不明晰;乡村振兴路径谋划不足,地区功能定位、主导产业配置、发展模式趋同;县域镇域村域的乡村振兴系统规划不足,存在对上位或其他地区规划文件的简单模仿;乡村振兴示范区推广价值不足,"锦上添花"式布局建设较为普遍;乡村振兴制度保障不足,人、地、资本等资源要素潜能亟待激活释放。[结论]乡村振兴是魅力上与城市无差距的等值发展状态,动力是城市田园化和乡村城镇化"双轮"驱动,突破口是"两园一体",标准是"六大魅力指数"全面提升;科学确立乡村振兴优先序,优化城乡布局结构;坚持规划先行、规划引领,系统谋划乡村振兴落地方案;分区分类创建乡村振兴示范区,探索可借鉴的经验与模式;创新体制机制,为乡村振兴保驾护航。

CONSIDERATION ON SEVERAL ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTING RURAL REVITALIZATION IN ORDER

The strategy of rural revitalization is the general focus of the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" in the new period. Exploring the problems of rural revitalization from the theoretical level and operational level, has an important theoretic and practical significance for the orderly promotion of rural revitalization. Based on the current situation of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the academic research frontier, the theoretical and practical problems of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy are systematically considered and evaluated from the perspective of urban rural integration development. The theory of rural revitalization is not well prepared, and the concept, standard and driving force are not clear. Rural revitalization strategy planning is insufficient. Regional functional positioning, leading industrial allocation and development model tend to be the same. The rural revitalization system planning of county, town and village is insufficient, and there is a simple imitation of the planning documents of the superior or other regions. Rural revitalization demonstration area promotion value is insufficient, layout of the "icing on the cake" is more common. The system of rural revitalization is inadequate, and the vitality of human, land, capital and other factors need to be released. The revitalization of rural areas is the same development status with no gap between urban charm and rural charm. Urban gardening and rural urbanization are the "two wheels" driving force. The breakthrough point is the integration of two parks. We should establish the priority order of rural revitalization scientifically, optimize urban and rural distribution structure and adhere to the planning firstly. Also we should make systematic planning of rural revitalization implementation plan and create a rural revitalization demonstration area, explore replicable and popularizing models. We will innovate systems and mechanisms to ensure the revitalization of rural areas.