节水潜力预测研究综述

系统整理并分析了不同领域节水潜力预测方法的分类、原理、适用范围及研究现状,帮助从业人员针对实际问题快速选择模型。分析认为,基于公式模型的节水潜力预测方法收集数据较少,操作简捷,使用范围较广,但精确性不高;基于机器学习的节水潜力预测方法虽然收集的数据种类和数量较多,但构造出的预测模型使用范围广,精度高。针对节水潜力预测的现存问题,总结分析了其发展趋势。未来节水潜力预测的研究应根据不同产业和地域特点,引入深度学习、大数据等新技术,实现精细化节水潜力预测;同时加快完善基于互联网的节水潜力预测应用,实现集成数据收集、处理、预测、发布等功能于一体的节水社会化服务。

Review of prediction of water-saving potentials

The classification, principle, scope of application and research status of prediction methods for water-saving potentials in different fields are summarized so as to help researchers to select models more quickly for practical problems. The results show that the formula model-based methods have been widely used and are easy to operate with less data. However, their precisions are not high. The machine learning-based methods can be widely utilized with high precision although they require more data. In response to the existing problems in the prediction of water-saving potentials, the development trend is summarized and analyzed. In the future, some new technologies such as deep learning, big data will be introduced into the researches on the prediction of water-saving potentials according to different industries and regional characteristics. They will look forward to achieve refined water saving potential prediction. In addition, accelerating the application of Internet-based prediction of water-saving potential will realize the water-saving socialization services which integrate the functions such as data collection, processing, forecasting and publishing.