城市群落学:城市群现象的生态学解读

以现代城市是具有生态智慧的特殊生命体为理论前提,认为应当用生态学的方法和理论对城市群现象进行重新解读。首先,阐述不同历史时期城市之间的作用形式,指出新经济时期城市群的生物群落特性,并对城市群落和城市群落学进行概念界定。进而,解析城市群落的组成和空间结构,将城市群落的成员划分为优势城市和从属城市以及关键城市和冗余城市,将城市群落空间结构划分为“城市生态金字塔”垂直结构和“缀块、廊道、基底”水平结构。最后,阐述城市个体间的竞争、捕食、寄生和共生等生态行为以及城市群落的自然选择、协同进化和演替等生态功能。

CITY COMMUNITY ECOLOGY: ECOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS

The development of today's urban agglomerations has turn out to be a complicated network,and the position in this network is much more important than traditional advantage factors,so we should do research work of urban developing prospect and positioning in the urban agglomeration from a new angle.Today's city is a special kind of ecological intelligence organism,so we should interpret the phenomenon of urban agglomerations from ecology point of view.Firstly,this paper narrate the interaction mode between different cities at each economy period,and point out biotic community characteristic of urban agglomerations in new economy period,then define the conception of city community.Secondly,make analysis of the makeup and structure of city community.This paper divides the component cities into preponderate cities and subordinate cities,or pivotal cities and redundant cities.The spatial structure of city community is divided into vertical structure and horizontal structure.Vertical structure is characterized by "city ecological pyramid",and horizontal structure is characterized by "patch,corridor and matrix".Finally,narrate the ecological behaviors witch are competition,predation,parasitism and symbiosis,and the ecological functions witch are natural selection,co-evolution and succession.