近代安徽农村问题及其成因之考察

近代安徽是一个农业大省,但农村社会时常处于危机之中。表现为农民生活急剧恶化,农村人口流离逃亡;农业劳动生产率严重下降,生产停滞不前;土地兼并加重,租佃关系日益扩大和膨胀;民变四起,社会动荡不安。造成此种局面的主要原因在于封建剥削苛酷,战乱频仍,匪祸横行,自然灾害严重等。种种因素的综合作用,使农村社会危机进一步加深。

Study on the Causes of the Rural Issues in Modern Anhui Province

Modern Anhui was a province well-known for its abundant agricultural products,but its rural communities were at times endangered by crises manifested by the drastic deterioration of the living conditions of the peasants,fugitive and wandering population from their rural homes,degradation and stagnation of agricultural productivity,increasing annexation of cultivated land with the worsening relationship between the landlords and the tenants,and aggravation of social turmoil and chaos due to revolts and risings of the rural population. It is the intricate combination of these influences as well as the harsh feudal system of exploitation,on-and-off war and banditry and the natural calamities that increased the social crises in the rural areas.