A taxonomy of back-shoring initiatives in the US |
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| Institution: | 1. Accounting Department, University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard Des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Qc G9A 5H7, Canada;2. Organization and HR Department, ESG, University of Quebec in Montreal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Qc H3C 3P8, Canada;3. Finance and Economics Department, University of Quebec in Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard Des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Qc G9A 5H7, Canada;1. Bayes Business School, City University, 106 Bunhill Row, London EC1Y 8TZ, United Kingdom;2. Southampton Business School. University of Southampton, Building 2, 12 University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom;1. Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Africa Business School, Avenue Mohammed Ben Abdellah Regragui, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat BP6380, Morocco;2. UQ Business School, University of Queensland, Joyce Ackroyd Building, St. Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1. Department of Entrepreneurship and Relationship Management, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark;2. Energinet, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | The study develops an empirical taxonomy of manufacturing back-shoring initiatives to the US, based on the drivers the location decision. Results identify six patterns of back-shoring, which highlight the importance of concurrently considering different theoretical lenses to interpret the phenomenon. Back-shoring initiatives are significantly driven by non-price related costs, which include the costs of governance. Institutional pressures coming from customers demanding country-of-origin branding and from political bodies are also important drivers, while the exploitation of distinctive resources that allow firms to compete in high-segment markets is less relevant. The study also highlights that back-shoring patterns are significantly related to within-border location advantages, such as state-level median wages, productivity, and innovation capacity. |
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| Keywords: | back-shoring reshoring taxonomy manufacturing location drivers |
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