基于区域中心性强度的城镇群发展研究——以攀西地区为例

目前,城镇群建设成为了各地推进城镇化进程的主要手段,四川省将攀西城镇群作为重点打造的四大城镇群之一。文章拟对攀西区域各城市的区域中心性强度进行度量,通过定性与定量指标结合的方法确定区域中心城市的选取,并对该城镇群发展的现状及存在问题进行探讨,最后对该城镇群中心城市的发展和建设进行概述,提出建设攀西城镇群的思路和政策建议。     

边疆民族地区城镇群特征及其发展对策初探——以“文砚丘平”城镇群为例

城镇群作为一种新的城镇地域空间组织形式,是我国社会进步和创新的重要区域。边疆民族地区城镇群在中国城镇化浪潮中发展迅速,有着其自身发展的特殊性。本文以地处边疆民族地区的＂文砚丘平＂城镇群为例,在界定其形成和发展阶段的基础上,从城镇化水平、空间结构、产业结构等角度分析＂文砚丘平＂城镇群的特征与存在的问题,最后提出相应的发展建议,为边疆民族地区城镇群的持续发展提供参考。     

吉林省中部城镇群城市化进程与空间组织

吉林省中部城镇群是吉林省解决城市化水平虚高和转移大量农村人口的重点地区。在对吉林省中部城镇群城市化进程现状特征和问题分析的基础上,结合中部城镇群区域发展态势和格局,提出了促进城市化推进的非均衡协调发展空间战略,构建了"一主、一副、多心"的中心等级体系、"T型"轴带为主的三级轴带体系和中心城市为依托的城镇经济区体系城市化空间组织系统,以引导吉林省中部城镇群城市化的有序发展。     

城镇群空间结构与要素集聚

依据城镇化发展过程中要素空间集聚理论，展开区域经济发展的空间经济结构研究。通过城市引力、克鲁格曼指数计算，比较分析城镇群内部城市吸引力和城市产业分布的差异性，通过人口与生产空间分布集中度指标和不一致系数的测算，分析了山西省城镇群空间要素集聚效应。研究表明，山西省的城镇群规划与要素空间集聚趋势整体一致，城市间产业分工体系基本形成，城镇群的要素集聚效应明显，但人口与生产分布仍存在不一致性。研究认为，山西省城镇群发展应该继续明确各城市的产业分工和特色，引导劳动力和资本要素的合理流动，实现人口与生产空间分布的一致。     

在转型发展中构建城镇群旅游发展模式研究——以上党城镇群为例

城镇群旅游是一种适合于中国国情的区域旅游发展模式,是城市旅游的最优业态,是城市化进程和旅游业发展到一定阶段的必然产物,在转型发展中可以发挥重要作用。城镇群旅游比城市旅游更经济、更和谐、更开放、更成熟、更符合转型时期对旅游业发展的要求,可以实现产业要素与旅游功能的合理集聚与融合。以上党城镇群为例,在尊重自然组成单元和城镇发展历史的基础上,在转型发展中构建"1+6"城镇群旅游发展模式,实现公平享用公共资源、促进城镇一体化建设、合理布局旅游要素、促进区域产业融合、实现区域经济转型发展的目标,意义重大。     

城镇群的共生发展研究--以浙中金华城镇群为例

共生不仅是一种生物现象,也是一种社会现象。在经济全球化和区域经济一体化的浪潮中,城镇群体间的竞争和共生作用也越来越激烈。文章运用共生理论分析了金华城镇群之间共生发展的现状和存在的问题,认为要加强金华城镇群的一体化建设,建立对称性互惠共生机制,提升区域创新能力和整体竞争力,是实现金华城镇群健康、持续发展的必由之路。     

推动欠发达地区跨越发展的思考

党的十六大以来,为缩小我省欠发达的东西北地区与珠三角的差距,省委、省政府相继出台了加快欠发达地区发展、联手推进欠发达地区与珠三角产业转移等一系重大政策和专项规划,取得了重大成效。目前,以汕头为中心的粤东城镇群和以湛江为中心的粤西城镇群正     

资料链接

地处珠江三角洲东西两岸的东江、西江经珠江口入海,将城镇群划分为地域空间特征差异明显的三大都市区:以广州、佛山、肇庆部分地区组成的中部都市区,以深圳、东莞、惠州组成的东岸都市区,以珠海、中山、江门组成的西岸都市区。由于自然、经济、区位条件的差异,三大都市区的发展模式和发展特色各不相同,实现三大都市区齐头并进,一直是珠江三角洲城镇群协调发展的重要目标。     

实现跨越发展 加强区域规划

省委、省政府高度重视珠三角的城镇群规划珠三角城镇群规划从开题、纲要汇报到成果评市三次会议,张德江书记都亲自参加,并作了重要讲话,他指出:珠三角规划是高起点、高水平、立足广东、着眼全国、放眼世界的区域规划,为实现区域全面协调可持续发展提供了科学的路径和有效手段,创新了的管理方法和管理理念。他还强调要充分利用地方法规,依法办事,抓好实施。根据张书记的指示,省人大     

汾河流域城镇群城市规模结构及演变研究

汾河流域是山西省范围内重要的城镇集聚区,也是实现山西省"一核一圈三群"城镇化战略的核心区域。文章选取建国以来汾河流域城镇群演变为研究对象,采用城市首位度、城市规模分布的基尼系数和分形等方法对汾河流域城镇群的规模分布现状和演变特征进行分析。研究结果表明,2010年,汾河流域城镇群等级规模结构呈位序—规模分布;区域缺少特大城市和大城市,城镇规模等级不完整;城市规模空间分布不均匀,区域差异显著。建国以来,汾河流域城镇群规模分布发生明显变化,城市数量与规模快速扩张;城市首位度不断下降,城市规模结构由首位分布向位序—规模分布转变;城市规模分布的分维数不断减小,城市规模差异逐步增大,区域大中城市逐步发育,规模分布日趋集中。并针对其存在的问题,提出若干意见。     

基于GIS的区域化外部经济研究

集聚一直是经济学家和地理学家关注的对象,随着社会经济条件的变化,集聚已不再仅限于狭小、紧凑的地域空间范围内,出现了松散的多中心城市、城市群及都市连绵带等城市区域化的表现。集聚与外部经济从来都是伴生的,但在讨论外部经济的作用时,一直以来都是局限于单中心、单区位的空间,无法解释当今的城市区域化现象。立足于经济学家和地理学家对外部经济动态研究的结论,从空间动态性的角度研究外部经济,提出外部经济不再局限于＂点＂状,而是存在着区域化外部经济的设想,即在某一个区域范围内的相关企业能获得与外部集聚经济有关的特定好处,并利用GIS方法对两个不同空间结构模式的城市——芝加哥和洛杉矶所在的州进行了实证研究,证实了区域化外部经济的存在及其作用范围。     

北京饮用水源保护的实践与思考

密云、怀柔水库是北京城市、生活用水的重要水源，饮用水源保护是北京市城市总体建设的重要组成部分，本文通过分析饮用水源保护区的自然、地理、经济条件，回顾总结过去实施饮用水源保护的有效措施，提出了面向21世纪，加大饮用水源保护的具体措施和重点。     

低碳经济视角下的长株潭城市群交通系统优化研究

低碳交通是降低能耗和碳排放,鼓励发展与完善公共交通系统,使用清洁能源,减少大排量汽车使用,最大限度降低污染、保护生态环境的交通方式。基于低碳理念的内涵和目标,分析长株潭城市群交通低碳化的实践基础,从确定交通模式,构建低碳指标,科学管理和强化引导来探索优化长株潭城市群交通系统的发展。     

N.H. Stern on substance and method in development economics

Stern's observations on some major topics in development economics are examined, notably his interpretation of the hypothesis of the vicious circle of poverty, as well as his observations on the extent, movement and measurement of international income differences, the implications of central planning, and the effects of development aid. Issues of both substance and method are examined. The inadequacies of some leading ideas of development economics, defended by Stern, are considered. Significant instances of inappropriate aggregation and quantification are noted, as well as some results of the treatment as parameters of factors which are regarded appropriately as variables. Problems of assessing evidence, including assessment of the effects of policies, are also discussed.     

略论公有制是公平与效率统一的基础

公平与效率在公有制范围内是有机统一的。其统一的经济基础就是公有制；我国以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的经济制度，决定了我国公平与效率的一致性占主导地位，矛盾对立性占次要地位。     

Modeling Disinterest and Dislike: A Bounded Bayesian Mixed Logit Model of the UK Market for GM Food

Mixed logit models represent a powerful discrete choice analytical model but require assumptions about the functional form of the parameter distributions. The use of unbounded distributions, such as the normal distribution, may be regarded as unsuitable where theory indicates that all are negatively affected by increases in an attribute, such as price. Bounded distributions such as the triangular and log-normal are unable to model the case where a section of the population is indifferent towards an attribute, while the remainder are negatively disposed toward it. Train and Sonnier’s bounded mixed logit model accommodates these features and is employed in this paper. A censored normal and Johnson’s S_b distribution are used to model preferences in the UK for food attributes, including price and GM technology. Bi-modal distributions are identified regarding GM food: some are unlikely to ever consume it, some are close to indifference and willing to consume at relatively small discounts while the remainder are fairly unresponsive to further price reductions.     

The Geography Of Knowledge Spillovers And Technological Proximity

This paper tests the presence of technological spillovers for the French case and studies why they occur. Based on a knowledge production function, spillovers are introduced as an external stock of knowledge. Two dimensions are improved: A geographical and a technological effect. The results indicate that technological externalities occur. Spillovers are conditional to technological proximity and, to a lesser extent, to geographical distance. However, externalities are not as generalized as they could be. They do not stem from the whole stock of external knowledge. They flow only through human capital. People thus appear as an essential channel for the diffusion of knowledge.     

Explaining university course grade gaps

This paper estimates the discrepancy in university mathematics and science course grades across races. Although there are significant Black–White and Hispanic–White grade discrepancies, or gaps, Black and Hispanic students who are equally prepared for university as White students do as well as White students. The grade gaps are explained after accounting for important factors such as a student’s academic capabilities and socioeconomic status. Varying behaviors of university students relative to high school across races are ruled out as a possible source of the grade gaps.     

Changing views of organization

This paper identifies and compares four views of organizations: traditional, bureaucratic, human organization, and the organizational system. These are described as having differing strengths and weaknesses in terms of their scientific bases, technological sophistication, ideological acceptance, and degree of institutionalization. Their futures as social technologies are projected in terms of specialization and complementarity. No view is seen as excelling in all features and, thereby, dominating the future. New views are viewed as exhibiting continuity as well as conflict with those of the past.     

Joint Production and the Structure of Technology: A Generalization

In this paper, we have a peek inside the black box of technology in an attempt to get a better understanding of the concept of joint production. We introduce the notion of input and output subtechnologies; these are then used as building blocks to define various types of production processes, either joint or nonjoint. Thus, in the 2×2 case, we are able to identify up to 36 different production structures, some of which are well known, but most of which are new. These are all described in the primal quantity space as well as in the dual price space. Comparative statics results for the 2×2 joint production process are derived.