公共资本与西部经济增长的相关性分析

通过东、中、西部之间比较以及对西部地区分共资本与经济增长的回归分析，得出公共资本与西部经济增长之间有显著的相关性。因此，为了配合西部大开发战略。应该加大公共投资力度，不但要扩大融资渠道，而且要提高公共投资的效率，加快西部经济发展的步伐。     

物质资本投资、人力资本积累与西部经济增长

西部经济增长是倍受关注的理论和实际问题,也是西部开发能否成功的关键。本文首先从分析西部经济增长的现状入手,论证物质资本投资与西部经济增长的弱相关性,然后以新经济增长理论为基础,分析人力资本积累替代物质资本的作用机制,最后提出西部地区人力资本积累的重点选择。 一、西部经济增长中的物质资本投资 现从我国三大地区经济增长的比较来说明西部经济增长中的物质资本投资问题,包括以下三个方面: 1、三大地区人均GDP的比较:人均GDP反映了一个地区的产出与人口的关系,西部地区本身的人口数要小于东部     

政府公共投资、地区经济增长与效应差异——基于我国省级面板数据的经验分析

本文构建一个包含民间经济、地方政府等主体在内的内生增长模型，考察了公共投资对经济增长的影响机制。理论分析表明，地区均衡经济增长率与公共政策之间的关系并不明确。基于我国省级面板数据进行经验分析，结果表明：公共投资在当期显著地促进了经济增长，而在滞后期却一致、显著地抑制了经济增长；在长期中，我国公共投资对经济增长的总体影响并不明显，但区域间存在较大差异，即东部地区公共投资显著抑制了经济增长，而中、西部地区的该效应却相反。     

政府公共投资与经济增长关系的研究

本文通过总量和动态生产函数对公共投资与经济增长之间的关系进行理论和实证分析,并得出结论:公共投资通过直接的资本形成和间接对私人投资的刺激,对经济增长具有明显的促进作用,二者呈现显著的正相关关系。     

FDI、政府公共支出、私人投资与经济增长——基于东部、中部和西部省际面板数据差异化分析

基于1991-2005年中国东部、中部和西部地区的省际面板数据,在内生经济增长理论框架下,比较分析了外国直接投资(FDI)、政府公共支出、私人投资对经济增长的影响。实证结果表明:由于不同类型资本对经济增长贡献率的差异导致中国东部、中部和西部地区的经济增长呈现收敛与扩散并存的格局。在任意特定地区里,不同类型资本贡献率也不同,各个地区应当因地制宜,积极引入适合本地区发展的资本积累途径,以促进经济快速和可持续发展。     

政府公共投资与经济增长关系的研究

本文通过总量和动态生产函数对公共投资与经济增长之间的关系进行理论和实证分析,并得出结论公共投资通过直接的资本形成和间接对私人投资的刺激,对经济增长具有明显的促进作用,二者呈现显著的正相关关系.     

公共投资与经济增长的相关分析--中国数据的计量检验

本文在现有文献研究的基础上,依据中国改革开放20多年的实际数据,运用内生增长理论构建计量经济模型,对公共物质资本投资、公共人力资本投资及R&D投资与经济增长的相关性进行了协整检验和格兰杰因果关系检验,结果发现:三种公共投资具有不同程度的正向经济增长效应,并且其促进经济增长的路径也不相同.公共物质资本投资主要是通过资本积累效应拉动经济增长,而公共人力资本投资及研发投资则是通过提高全要素生产率及外部性效应促进经济增长.并且,在不同的发展阶段上,三种公共投资与经济增长的因果关系及驱动机制又有所不同.针对实证结果得出结论及政策建议,进而为优化我国公共投资政策提供决策依据.     

我国人才资本投资与经济增长的关系研究

本文利用单位根检验、协整检验和向量误差修正模型等计量方法研究我国人才资本投资与经济增长之间的关系。研究结果发现:我国人才资本投资与经济增长之间存在着长期稳定的依赖关系;我国人才资本投资与经济增长在长期内互为Granger因果关系;我国经济增长在短期内是人才资本投资的Granger因果关系,但是,我国人才资本投资在短期内不是经济增长的Granger因果关系。     

外商直接投资、国内资本与经济增长的关系研究

随着经济发展,我国经济实力在不断增强。与此同时,我国利用外商直接投资的规模也在不断扩大。研究外商直接投资、国内资本与我国经济增长之间的动态关系非常有意义。本文利用1983-2018年时间序列数据对外商直接投资、国内资本与中国经济增长的关系进行var模型的实证研究,结果表明:外商直接投资和国内资本对中国经济增长都具有直接的正效应;国内投资对经济增长波动的影响要大于外商直接投资;长期来看,外商直接投资对国内资本具有"挤出"效应。     

西部地区经济可持续发展的关键因素分析

本文利用1978-2010年我国西部地区12个省市区的统计数据,测算了我国西部地区的资本、劳动力和TFP对经济增长的贡献率。结果显示:我国西部地区的经济增长主要源于资本投入,由于资本投入对经济增长的贡献太大,因此TFP呈现相对平稳下降趋势,TFP对经济增长的作用还不是很明显。本文又进一步分析了投资、劳动力及产业转移对西部地区经济可持续发展的关键作用,提出了西部地区实现经济可持续发展的政策建议。     

Scalable sociality and “How the world changed social media”: conversation with Daniel Miller

Daniel Miller is Professor of Material Culture at University College London. His prolific work in consumption studies, material culture studies and, more recently, digital anthropology has made fundamental contributions to our understanding of consumption, markets and culture. Miller is currently in the midst of a five-year European Research Council grant titled, Social Network Sites and Social Science, which funds the Global Social Media Impact Study. Developing concepts such as scalable sociality and understandings of “Why We Post,” anthropologists in nine locations around the world have conducted ethnographies, each of 15 months, focusing on everyday social media use in relation to issues of migration, family, politics, education, and commerce, as well as, on the ways in which genres of content flow through different platforms. The project's output includes 11 scholarly books, the launch of the Why We Post website, and an online university course, all of which are open access and have creative commons license. Miller is a Fellow of the British Academy and has won the Royal Anthropological Institute's Rivers Memorial Prize, given in past years to such luminaries as Bronislaw Malinowski, E. E. Evans-Pritchard, and Mary Douglas. This interview took place in London, 19 October 2015.     

自动顶空-气相色谱法测定胶囊中9种残留溶剂

[目的]建立自动顶空-气相色谱法测定胶囊中9种残留溶剂的分析方法。[方法]准确称取样品于顶空瓶中,加入N,N二甲基乙酰胺,加盖密封,放入自动顶空进样器,供气相色谱分析,外标法定量。对不同极性色谱柱进行选择性实验,最终采用DB-624毛细管柱和氢火焰离子化检测器测定,同时对平衡温度和平衡时间等顶空条件以及色谱条件进行优化。[结果]9种溶剂在各自的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9847-9986,平均回收率为84%-105%,相对标准偏差为0.29%-1.72%。[结论]该方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,适合胶囊中9种残留溶剂的测定。     

Factors determining the use of nutrition labels: The case of Malaysia

The rising prevalence of diet-related illnesses, the most visible of health problems, in both developed and developing countries has become a serious public health concern. Nutrition labeling plays an important role in promoting healthy diet and, thus, in improving population health. The objective of the present study is to investigate how socioeconomic factors—age, income, gender, education, marital status, house locality and employment status—affect the use of nutrition labels among Malaysian adults. The Third National Health and Morbidity Survey of Malaysia, which consisted of 34,539 respondents, is used for analysis. A logit model is developed to examine the probability of using nutrition labels. Evidence from the present study shows that age, income, gender, education, and marital status are significantly associated with the use of nutrition labels. In particular, age reduces the likelihood of using nutrition labels, while high income earners, females, the well-educated, and married individuals are more likely to use nutrition labels. The findings of the present study suggest that differentiated targeted efforts should be used on the various population groups identified when implementing programs and activities promoting the use of nutrition labels.     

The Influence of Nationality and Gender on Ethical Sensitivity: An Application of the Issue-Contingent Model

When a member of an organization has to make a decision or act in a way that may benefit some stakeholders at the expense of others, ethical dilemmas may arise. This paper examines ethical sensitivity regarding the duties to clients and owners (principals), employees (agents), and responsibilities to society (third parties). Within this framework, ethical perceptions of male and female managers are compared between the U.S. and Turkey – two countries that differ on power distance as well as the individualism/collectivism dimensions. Our results show that ethical sensitivity varies depending upon whether the interests of principals, agents, or third parties are affected by a given ethical dilemma. We also find that, contingent upon the principal-agent–society relationships, the nationality and gender of the decision-maker influences ethical sensitivity. Can Simga-Mugan is a Professor of Accountancy at Department of Business Administration of Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. She received her Ph.D. in accountancy from University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign. Her current research interests are ethics, international financial reporting issues, manipulation in the stock market and effect of news on the stock market. Bonita A. Daly, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor of Accounting in the School of Business, University of Southern Maine in Portland, Maine. She teaches auditing and financial accounting to both undergraduate and graduate students. Dr. Daly also teaches business ethics in continuing education programs for practicing accountants. Her research on the accounting profession has appeared in Critical Prespectives on Accounting, Accounting, Organizations, and Society, and the St. Johns Law Review, among others. Dilek Onkal is a Professor of Decision Sciences and is currently the Acting Dean of the Faculty of Business Administration at Bilkent University, Turkey. She received a Ph.D. in Decision Sciences from the University of Minnesota, and is doing research on ethics judgements, risk perception, risk communication, and judgmental forecasting. Lerzan Kavut is an Associate Professor at Faculty of Business Administration of Istanbul University. She has received her B.A. and Ph.D. from Istanbul University. Her current research interest is in the area of behavioral auditing.     

Global software piracy: Trends and strategic considerations

The design, manufacture, distribution, and sale of software constitutes a rapidly growing and remarkably lucrative global industry. Leaders of most software companies understand that intellectual property rights (IPR) typically are vital to competitive advantage and company success. Theft of intellectual property (IP) in the form of software piracy is brazen, extremely costly, lowers incentives to innovate, and threatens the very existence of some companies. IP theft, therefore, is a daunting challenge for managers of software firms. In this article, we make several contributions that should prove helpful to software designers, managers, responsible users, and broad stakeholders of software innovation and use—that is, almost all of us. In doing so, we provide an overview of international legal, ethical, economic, and systemic considerations, and we share an analysis of the drivers of consumer software piracy. We then discuss strategic considerations and introduce a decision-making typology, which may help legitimate companies to devise strategies and tactics to manage their software IP in the face of widespread piracy.     

People-Oriented Marketing Managers in Service Organizations

Abstract

This paper explores the role of people-oriented marketing managers in service organizations. In particular, the interaction variables between organizational behavior of managers and organizational design issues are analyzed. Variables addressed include the following: centralization, decentralization, bureaucracy, matrix management, open environment, individuality, people as resource, unification of people, handling people problems, democratic methods, development of people, and importance of people.     

Debunking the myth of general consumer rejection of green genetic engineering: Empirical evidence from Germany

The emergence of a more sustainable economy in Europe was accompanied by a range of bio‐based products and technologies. As a prominent example, green genetic engineering opens up multiple options to increase agricultural production, but its public acceptance seems to vary by application area. Risk perception explains consumer acceptance of green genetic engineering, which is a necessary precondition for wider technology adoption. This study investigates risk perceptions for four major sources of risk: health related, environmental, socioeconomic and ethical. Data were collected in a laboratory experiment in Germany, with a total of 439 participants. A between‐subject design was employed. The four experimental treatment groups comprised two policy scenarios, namely one only permitting research and development and the other allowing full commercialization of genetically modified products, and two product end‐uses, bioenergy and food. The study shows significant end‐use differences in both the type of policy scenario and the risk dimension in question. In particular, health risks were generally perceived to be lower for bioenergy than food whenever full commercialization was pursued. Furthermore, full commercialization of genetically modified food prompted higher concerns about personal health, whereas use of crops for bioenergy production was broadly related to higher levels of socioeconomic risk. Finally, although the majority of consumers identified health risks as being most relevant, the consequences for the environment evoked the greatest degree of risk perception. In general, our findings lend support for the notion that the policy regime is the most important determinant for risk perception, followed by the type of risk dimension and level of trust in industry.     

Do career satisfaction and support mediate the effects of justice on organizational citizenship behaviour and counterproductive work behaviour?

Following Lavelle, Rupp, and Brockner's ( 2007 ) target similarity framework, we propose that perceptions of support and career satisfaction mediate the influence of justice perceptions on citizenship and counterproductive performance. Structural equation modelling results from 356 employees supporting partial mediation. Collectively, the model explained 19% of the variance in perceptions of organizational support, 44% in perceived supervisor support, 33% in career satisfaction, 35% in citizenship performance directed toward the supervisor, 42% in citizenship performance directed toward the organization, 49% in job/task conscientiousness citizenship performance, 9% in counterproductive performance toward the supervisor, and 20% of the variance in counterproductive performance directed toward the organization. We argue that distributive, procedural, informational, and interpersonal dimensions of organizational justice follow different pathways and variously influence organizational outcomes. We discuss the implications of the results for the target similarity framework and more generally for human resources management. Copyright © 2015 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

What motivates users to hashtag on social media?

Hashtags (i.e., the # symbol) are gaining increased popularity among social media users. However, despite their intense use, little is known about their meanings. Only a few published studies have investigated fragmented aspects of hashtags and treated them as a functional means to structure content. In this study, we provide evidence that hashtags’ meanings go beyond structuring or spreading content and represent an integral element of contemporary communication via social media. In particular, this study presents a series of six empirical studies, following traditions in grounded theory and measurement theory research, to systematically assess motivations for using hashtags. The results uncover the existence of 10 different motivations for use (amusing, organizing, designing, conforming, trendgaging, bonding, inspiring, reaching, summarizing, and endorsing). In addition, we show how these motivations differ between platforms and also relate to different patterns of social media behavior. The results contribute to a better academic understanding of social media, provide managers with profound insights and can guide marketing tactics with hashtags.