Present and future: a trend forecasting and ranking of university types for innovative development from an intellectual capital perspective

In today’s knowledge-based economy, by well intellectual capital (IC) managing to enhance innovative ability and performance has become critical as many nations struggle to gain sustainable competitive advantage. Knowledge, innovation, and IC are at a university’s core. Given its function of cultivating innovative assets, R&D researchers, hi-tech professions and interdisciplinary talent, universities have become a critical factor in building sustainable competitive advantages worldwide. The important role universities play is particularly essential in Taiwan. The hi-tech industry, as the most profitable industry sector, directly impacts the growth of the Taiwanese economy. However, as global competition in higher education becomes fierce, higher education in Taiwan is losing its competitive standing and global market share for students and, additionally, Taiwan is losing its overall competitive advantage in the global economy. Universities today face significantly unbalanced student enrollment numbers and several universities have failed to keep operating from late 2008 to 2009. In order to understand both current and future development trends in higher education and to conquer above difficulties, it has become crucial to understand the manifestation of innovative development with respect to IC for different university types. In this regard, the aim of this study was to explore the rankings of five university types in terms of innovative development from an IC perspective and to provide recommendations for future improvements, taking basic development trends into account. Trend forecasting from Grey Model (GM) was initially used to investigate and forecast current and future Taiwanese birth rates and the basic development trends of five university types. After that, VIKOR was utilized to rank the five university types in accordance with opinions from twenty senior experts with regard to IC. In agreement with the research findings, universities in Taiwan are encouraged to improve their innovative ability from an IC perspective in order to regain a sustainable competitive advantage globally in the future.     

物流企业服务创新影响因素及对策研究

物流业是生产性服务业的重要组成部分,物流服务创新不仅是物流企业增强竞争力的重要途径,对于服务经济的发展也起着至关重要的作用。文章研究的基本问题是两业联动框架中物流企业进行服务创新是否同时受到联动主体及环境因素的影响,具体有哪些因素影响物流企业的服务创新,并运用层次分析法(AHP)对这些因素进行分析。研究结果表明:影响物流企业服务创新的因素主要有物流企业因素、政府政策因素、行业环境因素、制造企业因素四个方面。     

基于灰色关联分析的我国物联网产业发展研究

基于当今信息产业快速发展的时代背景下,物联网技术的研发以及产业化的发展已经使其成为世界经济的新的增长点。本文运用灰色关联模型对物联网产业发展影响因素进行实证分析,对如何推进物联网产业的发展具有一定的指导意义。     

标准化：欧洲竞争战略的重要组成部分——欧盟通过标准化支持创新的政策解读

为了提高欧洲的竞争力，欧盟近年来连续发布文件，对欧盟及其成员国政府如何采用标准化支持创新作出政策上的调整，提出了4项优先创新行动以及标准化支持创新政策的9大要素，并对采用标准促进科研成果产业化提出了政策方案。文章对欧盟文件的要点进行了解读，并就欧盟应用标准化方法支持欧洲竞争战略的基本脉络进行了探析。     

Innovation and productivity: insights from Malaysia's logistics industry

Efficient logistics is critical to a country's trade competitiveness. This paper uses the Data Envelopment Analysis Malmquist Index that includes an innovation component comprising three dimensions (input, process, and output), to assess the impact of innovation by third-party logistics (3PL). We treat the panel data of asset-based 3PL in Malaysia from 2007 to 2012. Three findings hold. First, innovation is not always accompanied by productivity gains. Second, innovation is still lacking in the logistics industry in Malaysia. Third, 3PL need to invest more in technology and stay financially healthy to accelerate the diffusion of innovation under a more competitive cost structure. This paper has two contributions. First, we offer an enhanced methodology for total factor productivity by including an innovation component and apply it for the first time to the logistics industry. Second, we augment the performance measurement literature specific to the logistics industry and our research suggests that the antecedents of productivity in logistics companies are investment and financial strength. These productivity–innovation findings provide insights into Malaysia's logistics industry and may be helpful for economies similar to Malaysia.     

政府收入的确认与计量研究

政府从事交换交易与非交换交易两种类型的交易。在非交换交易中,收入的获得并不一定直接发生相应的耗费或支付相应的代价,许多收入和费用并不配比。非交换收入是政府收入的主要来源,其确认与计量是政府会计体系中最具特色的部分。本文试图从引起收入基础交易的本质及收入的来源来界定政府收入的确认标准与计量属性。     

Related-party transactions and corporate performance following the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards in Taiwan

We explore the association between related-party transactions and the efficiency of Taiwanese electronics companies following the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for the period 2010–2018. Tests of differences in mean showed that the efficiency and related-party transactions of the sample companies were significantly lower in the post-IFRS era. Regression results indicated that related-party transactions have significantly positive effects on efficiency; however, this positive association turned out to be smaller following the adoption of IFRS in Taiwan. Overall, this study suggests that changing accounting policy and rules can significantly affect related-party transactions in companies, and ultimately corporate performance.     

调整产业结构提升我国工程建设企业的竞争力

我国的建筑行业长期处于弱势地位、建设市场混乱、与国外同类企业比竞争力低下。导致这一现状的原因主要是由于建筑行业的产业结构不合理,同质化竞争激烈,产业集中度低。在政府的干预下,实现产业的结构调整提高产业的集中度,谋求适度的垄断和竞争的均衡;通过调整各种规模企业的比例,实现符合建筑产品生产客观规律的生产力组织,是提高我国建筑全行业竞争力的有效途径。     

江苏省集成电路制造企业发展特征及对策研究

十三五期间,中国集成电路市场和产业急剧扩张。江苏省作为制造业大省,观察集成电路制造企业的发展情况有利于相关部门制定产业政策推动产业发展。整体看,集成电路制造企业中的小企业创新活跃度较大企业高。较大规模企业得益于近年来物联网、人工智能、智能汽车等新兴产业的兴起和半导体市场规模的扩大,基本都处于稳定的盈利状态,创新意愿不及小企业更为迫切。从产业发展角度看,既需要保护小企业的创新活动,也需要刺激大企业积极加大研发力度,创造自有知识产权,形成自己的核心竞争力,从而推动整体产业的进步。     

发展新型煤炭产业集群,提升我国煤炭产业国际竞争力和可持续发展能力

本文介绍了以矿区煤炭资源特色和大型优势企业为增长极打造新型煤炭产业集群的思路,并提出了实现制度供给创新,提升煤炭产业国际竞争力的相关政策建议。     

Does sport affect the competitiveness of European Union countries? An analysis of the degree of innovation and GDP per capita using linear and QCA models

The sport industry has experienced great growth in recent years worldwide, and especially in the European Union (EU) countries. However, despite the role that this industry can play in improving the competitiveness of these countries (Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and innovation performance), no studies have been found that analyse its influence. So, the main aim of this study is, firstly, to analyse the relationship between the innovation performance and the GDP per capita of EU countries, and, secondly, to find out how sport-related indicators and different innovation-related indicators influence the innovation performance and GDP per capita of the EU countries. To this end, two different methodologies have been used: hierarchical regression models and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). A total sample of 23 EU countries have been analysed. The results show that GDP per capita and innovation performance are highly correlated in a positive and significant way (0.76; p?<?.0001), and that the variables related to sport help explain the variance of these two variables, highlighting as necessary variable in both cases the growth in the sports sector (consistency >0.90). Finally, a number of practical implications are presented that can help policy makers to improve the competitiveness of EU countries.

     

陕西装备制造业集群竞争力研究

本文选取区位熵法对陕西装备制造业集群集中度进行测量,揭示了陕西装备制造业七个子行业的集群现状,结合产业集群理论和陕西省装备制造业集群特点,选取装备制造业七个子行业的十个指标,运用因子分析对陕西省装备制造业集群竞争力进行评价。结果表明:除专用设备制造业和交通运输制造业集中度比较高之外,其总体产业集群优势较低,且内部结构不合理;作为装备制造业的核心竞争力,科技创新能力是影响装备制造业综合竞争力的最关键因素。在此基础上为陕西装备制造业集群竞争力的提升提出可行的对策。     

A hybrid multi-criteria decision making approach for strategic retail location investment: Application to Turkish food retailing

Retail location selection decision is a critical and complex process which requires the evaluation and aggregation of multiple criteria and also the usage of appropriate data related to them. This study handles the problem at a strategic level and proposes a Monte Carlo simulation based multi-criteria strategic location decision model for food retailing. This model integrates two multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods which are Hesitant Analytic Hierarchy Process (H-AHP) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) methods. Firstly, H-AHP method is used to obtain the weights of criteria to be used in GRA based on the experts' judgements. Secondly, simulation based GRA is used for ranking the alternative locations. Finally, the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed model is illustrated with an application of strategic location investment decision of food retail stores in Turkey.     

从中、欧汽车销售模式异同看品牌经营

加入WTO,中国汽车产业由于政策所带来的销售优势将由于市场的开放、外资介入汽车销售领域而逐渐消失。本文着重分析了中国和欧洲现行汽车销售模式的特点,并在分析这些特点的基础上提出认为中国汽车销售可行的发展模式。     

中国入世后建筑业发展的对策研究

中国建筑业与发达国家建筑业在体制、法制、机制、产业结构、技术水平及市场竞争力等方面存在着较大差距,缩短这些差距的重要途径就是与国际接轨。本文根据世贸组织（ＷＴＯ）关于“全球贸易自由化”的宗旨,结合中国建筑业的现状提出了提高中国建筑业整体水平的八点对策。特别指出,只有按市场经济规律办事和进行企业创新才能不断增强中国建筑业的国际竞争能力。     

Environmental performance and competitive advantage in Canada's paper industry

A new environmental performance model is developed, explained and subsequently applied to a study of the Canadian recycled paper industry. The strategic position of the industry is explored as it takes the progressive steps needed to improve its environmental performance and competitive advantage in response to this rising regulatory agenda. Three policy options facing the Canadian pulp and paper industry are examined: the status quo, process technology innovation and product development. The strategic position of the industry is also examined using measurement of stance, attitude, government response, values, planning horizon and environmental integration. The supplier-consumer relationship, capital-technology and locational factors are also used to further discuss the links between competitive advantage and environmental performance. From this discussion, conclusions are drawn on competitive environmentalism: ethics and profit are compatible; newsprint mills must improve their locational, technology and market actions; the industry must proactively seek out environmental market and stakeholder opportunities and; further management research is needed to demonstrate the links between environmental performance, innovation and competitiveness.     

Risk management in humanitarian supply chain based on FMEA and grey relational analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the humanitarian supply chain management (HSCM) necessary for delivering emergency items during the disaster. The combined effects of climate change and the pandemic uncover the vulnerabilities of humanitarian supply chain operations and highlight the importance of risk management. This study aimed to identify priority risk factors and proposed mitigating risk strategies of a local government that is at the forefront of relief operations. It used Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method to validate the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) approach in identifying priority issues relating to the supply chain risks. This paper reveals that the results of FMEA and GRA are almost similar.     

医药企业移动客户关系管理应用研究

移动客户关系管理(MCRM)是近年来随着移动技术的发展而产生的新的客户关系管理模式,它在医药企业中的应用将提高销售人员效率和客户满意度,加强对市场终端的控制,增强企业竞争力。文中先对医药企业中移动客户关系管理的应用价值作了探讨;然后以云南白药为例,对其移动客户关系管理系统的应用提出了方案构想。     

ECFA架构下的银行业供应链联盟分析

回顾了ECFA中有关银行业的规定,分析了两岸金融业合作的背景和发展历程,分析了台资银行业在中国大陆市场的布局,并提出了台资银行业进入中国大陆市场的建议,即初期以服务于大陆地区的台商为主,地域上则是首选台商集中的长三角和珠三角地区。     

Alliance portfolio diversity,radical and incremental innovation: The moderating role of technology management

In this paper we test whether the use of a set of technology management tools (TM-tools), a specification of alliance portfolio capability, influences the relationship between alliance portfolio diversity and a firm's innovation outcomes. With this model, we add to the theoretical literature on the performance effects of alliance portfolio diversity and specific contingencies allowing to appropriate benefits from this diversity. Based on a sample of South African firms, we first confirm the inverted U-shaped relation between alliance portfolio diversity and a firm's innovation outcomes found by earlier research. We also show that the shape of this inverted-U differs for incremental and radical innovation outcomes. Subsequently, we test the moderating effect of the use of TM-tools on this relationship, for which find a strong positive moderating effect. In particular, for firms intensively using TM-tools, the negative effect of high levels of alliance portfolio diversity on innovation outcomes turns into a positive effect. This suggests that the use of formal technology management practices is beneficial to manage highly diverse alliance portfolios.