国家监督抽查玩具产品质量公告

玩具是伴随婴幼儿、儿童、青少年成长发育、智力开发、娱乐的产品,主要包括了塑料玩具、毛绒玩具、木制玩具、金属玩具、弹射玩具、乘骑玩具等品种。为保护儿童的身心健康和人身安全,促进玩具行业健康发展,国家质检总局组织对玩具产品质量进行了国家监督抽查,共抽查了福建、广东、上     

安全是玩具进入市场的“敲门砖”

为更好地保护少年儿童这一特殊消费群体的健康和安全,从2007年6月1日开始,我国对童车、电玩具、弹射玩具、金属玩具、娃娃玩具、塑胶玩具等6类玩具产品正式实施强制性产品认证,即3C认证。凡列     

3C认证费用多 玩具行业成本加大

<正>从2007年6月1日起,国家对童车类、电玩具类、塑胶玩具类、弹射玩具类、娃娃类和金属类玩具等6大类玩具产品强制实施3C认证。然而从近日各地市场的     

出口欧盟玩具的风险因素分析

根据欧盟非食品类消费品快速预警系统2009年至2013年的通报情况，并结合欧盟玩具法规及相关标准，对玩具存在的风险及其产生因素进行了全面和系统的分析。同时，引用笔者所在实验室的玩具检测数据，对玩具存在的风险进行了进一步分析。此外，还对玩具存在的各类风险进行了评级，为我国玩具检测机构、政府监管部门和玩具企业提供了有效的参考。     

如何鉴别进出口玩具的真伪

我国是玩具生产大国,约占全球市场总量的五分之三左右,世界名牌玩具生产企业大多数在我国建有生产基地。现今市场上的玩具种类繁多,大致可分为布绒、机械、电子、塑料、木制、塑胶、弹射等。由于国外很多品牌的玩具是在中国国内生产制造的,因此购买进口玩具时应注意从以下两方面来进行鉴别:     

出口玩具常见不合格情况简析

出口玩具在我国出口份额中占有一定的比例,在生产能力和技术上都已达到国际先进水平,但由于玩具生产厂商存在种种问题。本文通过分析小零件危害,玩具包装上的标识等问题,对出口玩具进行分析,为出口检测提供一定的依据。     

玩具产品强制认证：减少儿童意外伤害

从今年6月1日起,国家质检总局、国家认监委联合宣布,凡列入强制性产品认证目录内的玩具产品,未获得强制性产品认证证书和未加施中国强制性认证标志的(即CCC认证),不得出厂、销售、进口或在其他经营活动中使用。全国质检机构从6月1日起已在全国范围内全面开展玩具产品CCC认证执法检查,此次开展强制认证的领域涉及童车类、电玩具类、塑胶玩具类、弹射玩具类、娃娃类和金属类六大类别玩具产品。     

玩具安全检测的不确定度分析

对玩具安全检测的合成不确定度及扩展不确定度进行了阐述,以实例给出了不确定度的一般计算方法。此方法具有较强的实用性和操作性,能够满足实验室对玩具安全检测常见不确定度计算的要求。     

守护孩童梦——记深圳检验检疫局玩具检测技术中心

深圳检验检疫局玩具检测技术中心（以下简称“玩具中心”）是质检系统五大玩具检测技术中心之一,属国家级玩具检测重点实验室.玩具中心设置机械物理、光电、化学等专业测试实验室,配备了国际一流的检测仪器设备600多台,拥有一支专业齐全、学术精湛、经验丰富、务实高效的技术专家与检测人才队伍,秉承公正、专业、权威、高效为宗旨,致力于为玩具业界提供产品检测与技术咨询等一站式产品质量解决方案.     

ICP—AES法测定玩具喷粉中可溶性铅的不确定度分析

本文对采用ICP-AES法测定玩具喷粉中可溶性铅含量过程中的不确定度来源进行了分析和评定。结果表明：在各分量中,由标准曲线非线性所产生的不确定度分量最大。因此,在日常检测中通过对校准曲线的不断测定,可降低样品测试的不确定度。     

从出口数据看福建省玩具产业的近年发展情况

福建玩具产业外延不断扩展,近年来的出口金额、数量和产品单价不断增长,出口市场数量逐年增加,在欧盟、美国、东盟、日本和英国等重点市场的出口数据及其在该市场的玩具进口总额中所占份额持续走高,充分说明福建省玩具产业近年来在寻求发展和寻求突破中取得了较好的成效。     

“Why Does all the Girls have to Buy Pink Stuff?” The Ethics and Science of the Gendered Toy Marketing Debate

The gendered marketing of children’s toys is under considerable scrutiny, as reflected by numerous consumer-led campaigns and vigorous media debates. This article seeks to assist stakeholders to better understand the ethical and scientific assumptions that underlie the two opposing positions in this debate, and assess their relative strength. There is apparent consensus in the underlying ethical foundations of the debate, with all commentators seeming to endorse the values of corporate social responsibility and gender equality. However, the debate splits over three critical points of empirical disagreement: whether gendered toy marketing influences children’s toy preferences or simply reflects boys’ and girls’ fundamentally different interests; whether the effects of gendered toy marketing are negative, neutral or beneficial; and whether a shift to gender-neutral marketing would be economically viable. We assess the three points of disagreement against the available evidence and shared ethical principles underlying the debate, and conclude that current defences of gendered toy marketing fail.     

Consumption and the retail change process: a comparative analysis of toy retailing in Italy and France

Set in the context of a review and critique of the retail change literature, this study conceptualizes the importance of cultural diversity in consumption practices, and their dialectical interplay with retail structures. Underpinned theoretically by concepts located in Critical Theory and Bourdieu's studies of 'Distinctions', a grounded approach at a macro-level of analysis is applied to the comparison of the French and Italian toy retail sectors, which serves as an empirical illustration of the conceptual categories and relationships posited. In the comparative analysis of the French and Italian toy retail industry, the links between market structures and macro-economic and demographic factors, on the one hand, and localized consumption habits, on the other, are discussed, highlighting the interplay of the properties of the emergent retail activity and consumption categories of analysis. The impact of global sourcing and market entry of international retailers is assessed. Conclusions point to the importance of the forcefield between localized meaning and the dynamics of toy retail capital. It is argued that the commodity form of toys, together with the values attached to them and the role they play in childhood, is influencing the structures of national toy retail sectors which are also dependent on the overall retail system and broader environmental factors. In this, retail change processes take place as a result of the interactions between the different spheres and their particular expressions cannot be generalized across borders as they depend on the specific dynamics within each system.     

玩具出口：春天临近

2010年玩具出口增势有望延续,但增速可能出现波动。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水晶泥中可迁移元素硼含量

本文参照EN71-3黏稠性玩具样品处理方法,建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定水晶泥玩具材料中硼元素迁移量的检测方法。对该方法的同位素选择、线性范围和检出限、加标回收率和精密度、实际样品测试等进行了讨论。结果表明,该方法的线性范围宽,ICP-MS测定硼元素线性相关系数可达0.9996,该方法加标回收率为90.60%,相对标准偏差在4.40%。建立的ICP-MS法测定水晶泥玩具材料中硼元素具有检出限低、精密度高、简便快速等优点,可用于水晶泥玩具材料中硼元素迁移的定量分析。     

A developmental study of preference for advertised toys

The hypothesis was tested that five-year-olds would be more easily persuaded than eight-year-olds to prefer certain toys after viewing ads for these toys. Forty kindergarteners and forty third graders viewed either a control commerical or an ad for a toy they had ranked fourth out of a group of seven toys shown to them in a preference task. After viewing, they repeated the preference task. The dependent variable was the post viewing rank of the toy that had been ranked fourth prior to viewing. Analysis of variance revealed only a significant grade by viewing condition interaction in which the older children liked the toy significantly better if they had viewed a commercial for it. Younger children showed no significant viewing effects. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for cognitive variables which may be responsible for the age differences in the effects of exposure to television commercials.     

Suppliers’ Compliance with MNCs’ Codes of Conduct: Behind the Scenes at Chinese Toy Suppliers

Despite increased academic and practitioner interest in codes of conduct, there has been little research into the actual compliance of suppliers in developing countries with the codes of conduct of multinational corporations (MNCs). This paper addresses this lack by analysing Chinese suppliers’ level of compliance with Swedish toy retailers’ codes of conduct. Based on unannounced and unofficial interviews with employees of Chinese suppliers, the study shows that all of the nine studied suppliers breached some of the standards in the toy retailers’ codes, with over two-thirds of the suppliers not complying with the majority of the studied standards. While there are different explanations of this lack of compliance, the main explanation seems to be that Chinese suppliers successfully deceive toy retailers’ monitoring organisations by decoupling the formal monitored part of their organisation from the actual operational part of their organisation. The paper concludes with a discussion of how to increase compliance with MNCs’ codes of conduct. Niklas Egels-Zandén is a PhD student at the School of Business, Economics and Law, Goteborg University, Sweden. His areas of research are international business and corporate social responsibility, especially in relation to multinational corporations in developing countries. He has previously published in Journal of Business Ethics, Business Strategy and the Environment, and Journal of Corporate Citizenship.     

一炮而红的皮皮熊火啦

<正>皮皮熊开创了数字化智能玩具的先河,实现了从"中国制造"向"中国创造"的转变,并因此一炮而红。做中国的米老鼠"鼻子压扁了,把我抱起来。"当记者走进深圳市皮皮熊玩具有限公司董事长扈蓝天办公室时,发现一只憨态可掬的毛绒     

软泥类玩具材料中硼酸和硼酸盐含量检测方法研究

本文研究了软泥类玩具材料中硼酸和硼酸盐含量的检测方法,用0.07 mol/L盐酸溶液提取试样,电感耦合等离子体质谱KED模式分析同位素11B,通过硼元素的含量换算成硼酸和硼酸盐来确定软泥类玩具材料中硼酸和硼酸盐的含量。硼元素浓度在2~1000μg/L与其响应值呈线性关系(R^2=0.99984),硼元素、硼酸、硼酸盐的检出限分别为0.042 mg/kg、0.240mg/kg和0.369 mg/kg,定量限分别为0.100 mg/kg、0.572 mg/kg和0.883 mg/kg,加标回收率为87.5%~105.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)小于5%。该方法准确度高、精密度好,满足软泥类玩具材料中硼酸和硼酸盐的测定。     

产业集群与特色经济发展研究——以扬州毛绒玩具产业集群为例

产业集群是现代经济布局的一种重要形式。产业集群对促进经济发展和提升竞争力起重要作用。本文运用产业集群理论,结合扬州毛绒玩具产业的实际,探讨扬州毛绒玩具特色产业的发展状况及存在的问题,提出了产业集群与特色经济互动发展的途径和措施。