生鲜产品物联网管理系统的构建途径

针对生鲜产品运输流程的特殊性,分析了生鲜产品产业发展的特点及存在的安全问题,构建了一个食品安全下的生鲜产品物联网供应链安全管理体系,对生鲜产品从源头到终端的各个环节进行跟踪管理,有效加强了生鲜产品安全性。生鲜产品物联网供应链管理体系的构建为生鲜品业更好的保证食品安全奠定了基础。     

生鲜农产品供应链中的食品安全策略研究

首先分析了生鲜农产品的特殊性与供应链模式,其次分析了生鲜农产品供应链中的食品安全风险,最后根据两种供应链模式,结合生鲜农产品供应链中可能存在的风险,提出生鲜农产品供应链中的食品安全策略。     

我国生鲜蔬菜供应链问题及优化研究

近年来,随着农业产业结构的调整和农业技术的进步,我国生鲜蔬菜供给量稳步增长,产品结构不断优化,基本能够满足社会需求。但是由于生鲜蔬菜具有较强季节性、地域性和易腐性,这对生鲜蔬菜的储运、加工、运输、销售等物流环节提出了特殊的要求。生鲜蔬菜的这种特性决定了其在供应链管理活动中具有自身的独特性,这就需要我们综合的考虑生鲜蔬菜从农户到餐桌等各个环节,运用现代供应链理念和技术,构建反应灵敏、反馈及时、质量安全、符合市场需求的生鲜蔬菜供应链模式。文中从分析生鲜蔬菜供应链的特性入手,分析了我国生鲜蔬菜供应链存在的问题,并提出了有效的整合生产组织成员、全程冷藏运输、构建生鲜蔬菜物流信息平台、建立健全蔬菜质量监督管理系统等优化生鲜蔬菜供应链的措施。     

基于我国食品安全的生鲜农产品供应链管理研究

生鲜农产品供应链是以农产品为对象,围绕农产品经营核心。通过对物流、信息流、资金流的控制,协调农业生产资料供应商、农户、农产品经营者,消费者之间利益需求。以生鲜农产品的生产、流通和消费为主要对象,在对生鲜农产品供应链结构特点、供应链存在的与安全相关的问题以及两者之间关系的基础之上．提出一些措施对生鲜农产品供应链进行优化．从而提高生鲜农产品的食品安全。     

“互联网+”生鲜农产品供应链C2B商业模式的实现路径——基于拼好货的案例研究

“互联网+”环境下生鲜农产品供应链商业模式创新的多样性决定了生鲜农产品供应链成员创新商业模式实现路径的复杂性，探索生鲜农产品供应链C2B商业模式的实现路径就成为亟待解决的关键性问题。本文以拼好货为例，通过扎根理论方法对收集的原始资料进行三级编码研究，分析得出生鲜农产品供应链C2B商业模式的实现路径包括产品与服务、供应链管理策略、市场营销策略、关键流程构建以及核心能力优化等因果关联的五大要素。在此基础上，从价值链角度构建了该类商业模式的实现路径。     

ISO 22000——全程食品供应链安全的护身符

国际标准化组织（ISO）于2005年9月颁布的ISO22000—2005《食品安全管理体系——食品链上各类组织的要求》国际标准，为全球提供了确保食品供应链上无缺陷连接的食品安全管理和评价方法，实现了国际食品安全管理体系标准的协调统一，促进了在全球范围内食品供应链的安全。自该标准颁布以来，其在全球的国际化影响力和反响是巨大的，据统计，全世界已有60个国家的700个组织建立了ISO22000食品安全管理体系，我国、欧盟全体成员国和韩国等众多国家同等采用了ISO22000为国家标准。     

基于犹豫模糊语言TODIM的社区团购下生鲜电商供应链风险评价

指出社区团购的运作模式与生鲜产品的特点决定了社区团购下生鲜电商供应链存在一定的风险。首先从供应、仓储配送、服务、信息与外部环境五个方面构建了生鲜电商供应链风险评价指标体系;其次采用最大偏差法确定属性权重,并基于专家决策时的犹豫程度确定专家权重,从而建立了一种新的犹豫模糊语言TODIM方法,构建了生鲜电商供应链风险评价模型;最后应用实例验证了所构建模型的可行性。结果显示,现阶段社区团购下生鲜电商供应链风险处于较高水平,其中外部环境和仓储配送环节存在较高风险,并针对每个风险为供应链企业提出了建议。     

基于冷库的生鲜农产品供应链构建研究

文章从生鲜农产品供应链管理要素入手,通过时我国生鲜农产品供应链管理现状的描述与分析,揭示当前制约我国生鲜农产品供应链管理的五个方面的因素,即产品特性、技术支持、营销与竞争、组织成熟度、公共政策。我国农户面临需求风险、经营风险、供应风险、环境风险、制度风险和信息风险;农户所面临的风险及其对风险的反应行为在一定程度上导致生鲜农产品供应链极度脆弱。文章基于流通理论指出生鲜农产品供应链的构建能够有效地防范农户风险和提高农产品供应链的运作效率,并提出基于冷库构建生鲜农产品供应链的相关政策建议。     

影响生鲜农产品供应链安全的关键因素分析与识别

农产品安全关乎民生,长期以来一直是国家关注的重大问题。但近年来,由于农产品行业缺乏有效的质量监管,供应链组织层次复杂、职责划分不清等问题的存在,农产品安全问题时常发生,国家以及老百姓们对农产品,尤其是生鲜农产品的关注度越来越高。本文应用关键成功因素法,通过对南京市生鲜农产品供应商的调查,寻找出影响生鲜农产品供应链安全的因素,主要包括管理水平、员工素质、技术设备以及外部环境。同时,构建结构解释模型,寻找因素之间的关系,以便把控生鲜农产品供应链安全中的关键因素,提出控制生鲜农产品供应链安全的建议及措施。     

基于区块链+物联网的供应链采购合同管理研究

针对传统供应链采购合同管理中信息不对称、数据不安全、难以溯源及信任机制不健全等问题,结合区块链和物联网技术的核心优势,提出了基于"区块链+物联网"技术的供应链采购合同管理体系,并在工程物资采购合同管理领域进行应用分析。分析表明,该管理体系能够通过解决传统供应链采购合同管理存在的问题,提高管理质效。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.