牙膏制膏机的现状及发展趋势

文章简述国内外牙膏制膏机的现状,分析牙膏制膏机采用底部均质、外循环方式、特殊搅拌器形状设计、生产过程全自动化控制的技术优势,提出该类型制膏机代表了一种技术发展趋势.具有推广应用价值.     

牙膏制膏机残留膏体回收方法的探讨

经试验，制膏机内是膏体残留率最高的部位，通过采用强制出膏、加压出膏、使用均质机出膏3种方法进行试验，探讨制膏机残留膏体的有效回收方法。试验表明，这3种方法都能有效降低牙膏生产过程中残留膏体的损耗。     

牙膏制膏机残留膏体回收方法的探讨

经试验,制膏杌内是膏体残留率最高的部位.通过采用强制出膏、加压出膏、使用均质杌出膏3种方法进行试验,探讨制膏机残留膏体的有效回收方法.试验表明,这3种方法都能有效降低牙膏生产过程中残留膏体的损耗.     

如何依据理化指标判断牙膏质量

牙膏的主要作用是清洁口腔。一般来说，牙膏的膏体主要由清洁剂、粘和剂、保湿剂、摩擦剂、水、香精组成。所以，判断牙膏的质量时要依据牙膏的以下几个理化指标进行。稠度稠度反映了膏体的性状，如果太稀，牙膏横卧放后，膏体会自动流出管外，既不卫生又影响质量；如果太稠，牙膏不易分散，在口腔中会因刷不开而脱落，影响使用效果。挤膏压力若挤膏压力较大，不易将膏体挤出，则说明牙膏太稠，否则，说明膏体太稀。泡沫量泡沫量是反映牙膏发泡去污效果的一个重要指标。一般来说，泡沫量高比较容易去除口腔污垢。但不宜太高，否则漱口时不易…     

运用VE改进牙膏软管包装增效益

广西桂林梧州奥奇丽集团股份有限公司生产的田七药物牙膏是饮誉国内外的名牌产品，还生产肥皂、香皂、液体洗涤剂及化妆品，是国有企业。近年来基于营销策略的需要，对牙膏膏体的重量作了调整，但馐软管结构尺寸未变，与内容物不匹配，“大马拉小车”，影响牙膏膏体稳定性，物耗没能及时降下来。为此，我们于1999年应用价值工程(VE)，使软管生产成本节约额达67．77万元，从而增强了市场竞争力。     

膏体充填优化系统预防堵管

矸石膏体充填开采,就是在建筑物下压煤条带开采后遗留的条带煤柱中,留设3～5m窄煤柱沿空送巷布置工作面,采用粉碎煤矸石、粉煤灰、专用胶结料和水配置成不泌水的牙膏状浆体,通过充填泵管道输送到井下,适时充填采空区或离层区,形成以膏体充填体为主的上覆岩层支撑体系,有效控制地表沉陷在建筑物允许值范围内,实现村庄不搬迂,安全开采建筑物下遗留条带煤柱。     

膏体充填料浆质量控制

介绍了膏体充填采矿法在国内外的发展现状及技术上可行，经济上合理，安全上可靠和具有可持续发展的优点，概述了膏体充填的特点和各种充填法的比较。     

“膏体充填绿色采矿管理”项目的实施与应用

“膏体充填绿色采矿管理法”以循环经济理论为依据,以管理创新为中心,以降低煤炭产出成本为根本,把煤矿附近的煤矸石、粉煤灰、炉渣、劣质土、城市固体垃圾等在地面加工成不需脱水的牙膏状浆体（低成本的特殊“混凝土”）,利用充填泵或重力作用通过管道输送到井下,适时充填采空区,实现资源的重复、循环使用,使固体废物得以资源化利用,减少废弃物的土地占用,降低成本,保护生态环境,构建绿色、节能、环保型企业。     

膏体充填采矿技术在采矿中的前景

随着国家对矿山环境保护的重视和充填采矿技术在矿山的推广应用,膏体充填技术在采矿实践中的地位也越来越重要。对膏体充填技术的应用发展前景做简要的探讨。     

SMT锡膏性能和印刷参数的优化

SMT生产，锡膏质量和印刷质量是非常关键，直接影响产品质量。因此，在SMT生产过程中，主要对锡膏的黏度、锡膏黏结力、锡膏塌落度、锡膏颗粒均匀等性能进行选择。同时更关键的是：要对印刷机的刮刀速度、刮刀压力、刮刀宽度、刮刀分离速度等参数进行优化选择和设定，这样才能达到最理想的印刷效果，从而提高SMT产品质量。     

Leader‐Member Exchange Relationships and Follower Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Perceiving Goals as Invariable

In the present study, we investigated whether perceiving goals as invariable mediated the link between leader‐member exchange (LMX) relationships and role overload, turnover intention, and work performance. Perceiving goals as invariable refers to the extent to which followers believe that the goals in a performance management system represent the absolute standards that they must meet without exception, even if they think other factors are more important (e.g., situational factors or factors that are not associated with goals). In Study 1, perceiving goals as invariable mediated the relationships between LMX and role overload and turnover intention, such that a high‐quality LMX relationship was negatively associated with perceiving goals as invariable, which in turn was positively related to both role overload and turnover intention. In Study 2, social LMX was negatively associated and economic LMX was positively associated with perceiving goals as invariable, which in turn was negatively related to work performance. Furthermore, perceiving goals as invariable mediated the relationship between social LMX relationships and work performance. Theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are discussed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

基于MIMU的车速测量方案研究

分析了车辆装备底盘性能测试对运动参数测量的特点和要求,提出了利用MIMU单独工作进行车速测量的方案,以MIMU(MEMS Inertial measurement unit)为主要单元,以小型蓄电池作为供电源,通过USB-RS422转换接头,从USB口连接到笔记本电脑,从而获得计算的基本数据。给出了车速测量系统的安装调整和速度及位移的计算思路,明确了实现工程化应用还需深入进行的工作。     

Addressing the Stress of Work and Elder Caregiving of the Graying Workforce: The Moderating Effects of Financial Strain on the Relationship Between Work‐Caregiving Conflict and Psychological Well‐Being

Human resource policies and practices must consider the issues associated with an aging workforce, and, more specifically, the stress experienced by those involved in caring for elders. This study examined such stress by studying the relationship between work–elder caregiving conflict and well‐being, as well as the role of perceived financial need in moderating that relationship. The sample included 583 women who worked full‐time and had significant elder caregiving responsibilities. The analysis showed that work interfering with caregiving (WIC) was significantly associated with both positive and negative affect, but caregiving interfering with work (CIW) was not significantly associated with either. Perceived financial need decreased older women's psychological well‐being and moderated the relationship between work–elder caregiving conflict and psychological well‐being such that the negative effect of WIC was stronger for older women with higher perceived financial need, while CIW decreased the well‐being of older women with lower perceived financial need but not for those with higher need. The results stress the importance of considering elder care as a source of work‐family conflict when managing the aging workforce as well as suggest a way to attenuate the negative effect of work‐family conflict by managing the perception of financial resources and needs of the employees. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

光气法合成间苯二甲酰氯的工艺研究

以间苯二甲酸为原料,在催化剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的作用下与光气经Vilsm eier反应,可以合成间苯二甲酰氯。文章研究了反应物配比、反应温度、催化剂用量和搅拌速度等对合成过程的影响,得到了比较适宜的合成工艺条件,精制后产品收率达到93.23%。     

The use of quasi-experiments in the social sciences: a content analysis

This article examines the use of various research designs in the social sciences as well as the choices that are made when a quasi-experimental design is used. A content analysis was carried out on articles published in 18 social science journals with various impact factors. The presence of quasi-experimental studies was investigated as well as choices in the design and analysis stage. It was found that quasi-experimental designs are not very often used in the inspected journals, and when they are applied they are not very well designed and analyzed. These findings suggest that the literature on how to deal with selection bias has not yet found its way to the practice of the applied researcher.     

Development and Validation of an Employee Voice Strategy Scale through Four Studies in Japan

Employee voice is an important organizational behavior that affects work group performance, and many studies have explored its mechanism; nonetheless, the existing literature narrowly defines the construct and overlooks a variety of strategic approaches employees take as they engage in voice. Based on this problematization, the current research has developed and validated a scale of employee voice strategy through four studies in Japan (total N = 1,156). Employee voice strategy is defined as a set of direct and indirect communicative approaches that organizational members utilize to share ideas with intentions to exert constructive influence to their work group. Studies 1 and 2 analyzed interview narratives to develop an initial typology, which was refined in Study 3 into a six‐factor scale. Study 4 replicated it through confirmatory factor analyses. Construct validity of the scale was also examined by testing the strategy factors’ nomological network—as expected, proactive personality was positively associated with assertive strategies, while relationship maintenance goal orientation was linked to conciliatory, nonconfrontational strategies; negative emotion display showed negative associations with voice strategy use in general. These findings were discussed vis‐à‐vis culturally inclusive human resource management practices, as well as theoretical exploration of the employee voice phenomena from process‐centered perspectives. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

CAD/CAE技术在现代注塑模具设计中的应用

现代产品对模具的精度要求越来越高,本文探讨介绍了基于UG软件的注塑模具设计,利用Moldflow软件进行注塑分析模拟,并且运用CAD技术对开模、合模及制品被推出的过程进行仿真,以减少修模时间,为注塑模具设计制造提供有效的途径,如果检查出模具结构设计的不合理处,应及时地予以更正。     

Italian Debate and Dialogue on Thorstein Veblen

A bstract . In the first quarter of the 20th century, Thorstein Veblen ranked with John Dewey, George H. Mead, and Charles Sanders Peirce among the topmost American original and creative thinkers. In Italy he was the subject of much debate and dialogue but the perception of his scholarly work evolved through several phases. He was seen first as a forerunner of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal. Then as a leading figure in institutional economics. Finally as a social scientist pioneering in the interdisciplinary approach to analysis and to the formulation of public policy , as well as an early Futurologist But his considerable influence in America contrasts with his lack of influence in Italy, probably because cultural differences hamper understanding.     

前束一致性的控制方法分析

由于硬点坐标参数容差引起的,汽车悬架外特性参数随轮跳变化曲线的变化称为汽车悬架外特性的一致性,它是评价一种汽车产品整体质量一个重要指标。目前,还没有文献提出汽车悬架外特性一致性的具体控制方法,在汽车动力学软件中也没有汽车悬架外特性参数一致性分析的模块。所以,本文旨在利用区间数学的方法建立其一致性分析的数学模型,并用影响其一致性的硬点坐标参数容差作为区间参数,最后用区间分析方法计算其一致性结果。通过使用这种方法对双横臂独立悬架模型的前束角一致性进行分析,证明了区间分析方法计算汽车悬架外特性的一致性是可行的。