渠道权力应用、冲突与合作:营销渠道网络结构嵌入的影响

传统渠道行为研究以两个渠道成员构成的二元渠道关系为分析单位,而忽略了渠道关系嵌入其中的渠道关系网络的作用。针对这一理论缺陷,文章将社会网络理论中的两个变量——网络密度和网络中心性引入渠道权力、冲突与合作研究框架,从社会网络结构嵌入的角度尝试将渠道权力研究从二元分析向网络分析方向推进。通过对调查数据的分析,检验了经销商群体的网络密度和经销商的网络中心性对制造商渠道权力应用的影响。研究结果表明,经销商网络密度和网络中心性均对制造商应用非强制性权力有显著正向影响,而对应用强制性权力无显著影响。文章研究发现为探索将渠道行为研究从二元分析范式向网络分析转向提供了经验。     

营销渠道中的渠道关系、权力使用与投机行为

文章基于营销渠道行为及关系营销理论,以制造商与其经销商之间的关系为研究平台,检验了制造商的关系营销导向以及跨组织私人关系对其使用权威机制以及经销商投机行为的影响。研究结果表明:制造商的关系营销导向对于其使用非强制性权力有显著的正向影响,对其使用强制性权力虽然没有直接影响,但会通过跨组织私人关系(情感性与工具性)产生负向影响;制造商与其经销商之间的跨组织私人关系(情感性与工具性)会抑制制造商使用强制性权力,工具性私人关系会促进其使用非强制性权力;制造商使用强制性权力会加重经销商的投机行为。最后,讨论了研究结果与应用及未来的研究方向。     

营销渠道中依赖、公平与角色外利他行为

文章以交易成本理论与企业资源基础观为理论基础,营销渠道中经销商的角色外利他行为为研究对象,检验了经销商依赖、公平感知对其角色外利他行为的影响关系。通过问卷调查,获得660个经销商的有效样本数据,应用SPSS18.0软件和多元层次回归方法对研究假设进行检验。研究结果表明：经销商依赖、分配公平、程序公平对其角色外利他行为均有显著的正向影响;经销商依赖对分配公平、程序公平与角色外利他行为的影响关系具有不同的调节作用,在经销商依赖程度高的情况下,分配公平对角色外利他行为的正向影响作用变强,程序公平对角色外利他行为的正向影响作用变弱。最后,文章讨论了研究结果与应用及未来的研究方向。     

渠道多元化、跨渠道冲突与渠道内冲突：市场化水平的调节效应

文章以开放系统理论为基础,讨论制造商采用多元化的渠道对两种不同形式的渠道冲突的作用,以及市场化水平对渠道多元化与跨渠道冲突、渠道内冲突之间关系的调节效应。从中国制造商一方收集520份调查数据,引入市场化指数二手数据,应用统计方法分析数据和检验假设。文章的数据检验结果发现：第一,制造商采用多元化的销售渠道会导致制造商内部各条渠道之间产生冲突,也会加剧制造商与同一条渠道内合作经销商之间的冲突;第二,制造商采用多元化渠道通过加剧与同一条渠道中经销商之间的渠道内冲突,进而降低企业绩效;第三,市场化水平会弱化渠道多元化对跨渠道冲突的正向影响。文章最后从理论贡献、实际应用和研究不足等方面对研究结果进行了讨论。     

制造商权力策略对经销商绩效的影响研究

本文从经销商视角界定了渠道绩效的概念,并依据认知评价理论提出了权力运用与经销商绩效间的关系,通过问卷调查并利用因子分析及多元线性回归分析验证了研究假设.实证分析结果表明,制造商威胁策略的使用,对经销商绩效有消极影响;而建议策略与许诺策略的使用,则对经销商绩效产生积极影响.     

基于网络结构的会展营销渠道权力与关系研究

会展营销已经成为一种非常重要的营销方法。通过对2015西湖艺术博览会的调查研究,了解了会展营销渠道权力的具体表现:展会网络中心性与运用强制性权力有显著的正向关系,展会网络密度与强制性权力和非强制性权力都没有显著关系;强制性权力与渠道冲突有显著正向关系,非强制性权力与渠道冲突有显著负向关系;强制性权力与渠道合作没有显著关系,非强制性权力与渠道合作有显著正向关系。结果还表明,举办方应该致力于发展展会的网络中心性,加强营销渠道的合作以及对参展商的管理和控制,强化危机意识,做好会展营销的应急预案和风险管控措施,以期为展会的举办方和参展商提供决策借鉴。     

我国家电连锁渠道权力结构现状研究

在家电连锁渠道中,不平衡的依赖导致了权力倾斜,在这个倾斜的关系中对资源和利益进行分配时,家电企业受到家电连锁企业的"剥削"。本文利用渠道权力理论,对家电营销渠道权力结构进行了一个理论分析,并结合渠道权力产生的基础与渠道关系中的依赖关系,为家电企业提出一些可以用来抵消家电连锁企业影响的策略。     

企业社会资本对营销渠道策略的影响

社会资本对企业的经营能力和经济效益有直接的提升作用,本文利用社会资本理论与渠道理论,建立了企业社会资本对渠道策略的影响模式,从企业社会资本的结构维度、关系维度和认知维度,研究其对渠道设计、渠道冲突解决和渠道绩效管理的影响,在分析这些影响的基础上提出从网络结构、共同信仰等方面拓展渠道,优化分销网络;利用信任、规范机制、制度与信仰等解决渠道冲突;利用信任、合作、互惠规范、外部相关关联的网络,改善市场绩效的对策。     

企业社交媒体行为对网络嵌入治理的影响研究：基于社会网络理论的视角

基于社会网络理论,文章探究企业社交媒体行为对网络嵌入治理的影响,即制造商企业不同社交媒体行为如何促进网络嵌入治理以及合作伙伴网络结构嵌入特点能否强化上述关系。文章以制造商和经销商的合作关系为研究情境,从制造商角度收集308份问卷,实证检验结果表明：社交媒体任务交互行为和关系交互行为均正向影响网络嵌入治理;经销商网络密度增强社交媒体任务交互行为对网络嵌入治理的正向影响,而与文章预期相反的是,经销商网络中心性无法增强社交媒体关系交互行为对网络嵌入治理的正向影响。文章丰富了跨组织关系管理领域关于社交媒体使用的讨论,并从社会网络层面关注跨组织关系治理问题,为企业寻求和建立一条新的跨组织关系治理机制提供决策依据。     

渠道成员关系承诺影响因素实证研究

营销渠道成员的关系保持是营销人员长期以来十分关注的焦点问题。以调查问卷的形式对武汉电子产品的经销商进行了实地调研，从经销商的视角，研究了武汉市电子产品行业各个渠道影响因素对l关系承诺的作用情况，为制造商更好地处理和改善渠道关系提出了若干建议。     

An Examination of the Coercive Power-Satisfaction Relationship Within a Relational Exchange

ABSTRACT

The authors develop a oonoeptual model that examines the moderating effect of dealer resistance on the use of coercive power-satisfaction relationship. The results provide a possible explanation for inconsistent results within extant channel literature regarding relationships that are power and/or dependency asymmetric Within the context of the model, the authors also provide a conceptualization of the endogenous construct, conflict potential, as a means to examine what motivates a channel member to exercise coercive power as an influencing agent. The model also examines the dealer's tendency to yield or acquiesce decision-making control to the manufacturer within the context of the use of coercive power-satisfaction relationship. The model is tested, via two-group structural equation modeling using a sample of 324 high level executives from the office systems and furniture industry. The authors provide theoretical and managerial implications of the research results as well as directions for future research.     

Aligning Company and Dealer Perspectives in Corporate Branding: Implications for Dealer Satisfaction and Commitment

Purpose: There is a contention in marketing literature that gaps between corporate and key stakeholders’ perspectives have unfavorable implications for corporate brand performance. The current article attempts to empirically substantiate this argument. As such, this article looks at the relationship between a car manufacturer and its dealers and examines it from the perspective of the relationship misalignment.

Methodology: Applying the Profile Deviation method, this study tests the effects of a manufacturer–dealer corporate brand misalignment on dealer satisfaction and commitment. The manager-specified ideal profile for a corporate brand was used as a proxy for a manufacturer perspective and a benchmark against which dealer perceptions were compared. The corporate brand construct encompassed the dimensions of corporate image, corporate personality and dealer-experienced value. Hypotheses were tested using Pearson correlations and multiple regressions.

Findings: Results, which were robust across all the corporate brand dimensions, support the hypotheses of negative performance impact of manufacturer-dealer misalignment.

Originality/value/contribution: This study identifies an important link between the theoretical proposition and the operationalization test of examining performance implications of misalignment. The current study argues for broader integrative thinking and cross-disciplinary research in business-to-business marketing. In the absence of the relevant literature on conceptualization and operationalization in the marketing literature, the article borrows a testing method of Profile Deviation from the management field. By developing a fine-grained analysis, the current study pinpoints specific aspects that require co-alignment in corporate branding, thus facilitating managerial decision-making.

Research implications/limitations: The current study demonstrates that deviation from a corporate perspective implies a weakness in corporate branding process with negative performance consequences. The Profile Deviation perspective used in this article has focused on a static, cross-sectional approach for specifying and testing misalignment between a manufacturer and its dealer principles. The researchers are encouraged to consider alternative mechanisms to test for misalignment as a dynamic task within a longitudinal research design.

Practical implications: Companies must be aware of the areas where gaps can occur that impede effective decision-making. Aligning a corporate brand between a company and members of the distribution channel requires careful implementation that encourages dealer inputs in brand operations while avoiding counter-productive implications.     

How does the added new online channel impact the supporting advertising expenditure?

This research addresses the strategic effect of a newly added online channel on a manufacturer’s supportive advertising expenditure once a manufacturer opts to open an online channel to compete with its retailer. We first study the manufacturer–traditional retailer supply chain and consider three different scenarios: (1) product is less compatible with the online channel than with the traditional channel; (2) product is more compatible with the online channel than with the traditional channel; (3) product has the same compatibility with the online channel as with the traditional channel. Our results show that the added online channel significantly impacts the manufacturer’s investment in supportive advertising. Depending on the different product categories, the impact of the newly added online channel on the supportive advertising expenditure also will be different. Furthermore, we extend our model to study the manufacturer–online retailer supply chain and investigate the effect of that added online channel on the manufacturer’s supportive advertising to the online retailer. Based on our results, the manufacturer can utilize our findings to improve its decision-making when it plans to open an online channel to improve its product distribution.     

制造商权力策略对经销商情感承诺的影响研究

权力使用是影响关系承诺的因素之一,但涉及权力使用与情感承诺间关系的研究很少。本文探讨了制造商权力使用与经销商情感承诺间的关系。通过问卷调查,利用因子分析及多元线性回归分析验证了概念模型及假设。研究结果表明,制造商威胁与信息交换策略的使用会降低经销商的情感承诺,制造商建议策略的使用会增加经销商的情感承诺。     

The Contingent Value of Entrepreneurs’ Political Capital: Evidence from China

ABSTRACT

Who benefit from a transitioning economy, entrepreneurs who are politically connected or disconnected? Market transition theory and power conversion theory offer two divergent answers. Our study seeks to contribute to this debate by examining the contingent value of entrepreneurs’ political capital. We draw from social network theories and investigate whether and how entrepreneurs’ social networks influence the relationship between their political capital and social mobility. Using the data on Chinese entrepreneurs, we find that the impact of political capital on entrepreneurs’ social mobility is contingent on their network centrality. Practical implications and suggestions for future research are also discussed.     

Diffusing market orientation to drive marketing capital: evidence from Vietnam

Although Vietnam’s transition to a market-oriented economy has produced stunning results, the economy is still lacking qualified marketers. This study investigates underlying factors that are fundamental drivers of Vietnam’s economic renaissance, including the role of market orientation at the marketer level (i.e. marketers’ market orientation) in marketing capital pool, and subsequently, marketers’ occupational commitment. Based on data collected from 351 marketers working for various firms in Ho Chi Minh City, the study finds that marketers’ market orientation has a positive impact on marketing capital pool. Further, marketing capital pool invested by marketers has a positive impact on their occupational commitment. Finally, firm ownership moderates the relationship between marketers’ market orientation and marketing capital pool, and gender moderates the relationship between marketing capital pool and marketers’ occupational commitment. Implications for Vietnam and other transitioning economies are discussed.     

家族社会资本、创业导向与初创期企业成长绩效关系研究

文章以135家企业为样本,运用多元回归分析与结构方程模型对家族社会资本、创业导向及企业成长绩效三者之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明,结构资本对创新性具有显著的正面影响,关系资本对风险承担性具有显著的正面影响,而创新性和先动性受到认知资本的影响。同时,结构资本能够提高企业的竞争绩效,关系资本有助于企业竞争绩效和潜力绩效的提高,而认知资本对企业潜力绩效具有显著的促进作用。在家族社会资本、创业导向和初创期企业成长绩效的关系链中,创业导向具有显著的中介作用。     

渠道关系中社会资本对战略绩效的作用路径研究

目前社会资本在促进渠道成员的合作中扮演了重要作用，但有关社会资本对企业绩效之间的作用机制还需要做进一步探究。针对这一现象，文章基于渠道关系视角，探讨了结构社会资本和关系社会资本对战略绩效的作用路径。基于393家中国计算机及其零件行业的企业数据，引入知识冗余和共同解决问题两个中间变量，建立了社会资本、共同解决问题、知识冗余和战略绩效间的关系模型，实证研究结果发现：结构社会资本和关系社会资本会通过促进知识冗余和共同解决问题进而提升战略绩效。研究结论拓展了渠道关系管理、社会资本领域的研究，并对企业实践具有指导意义。     

Economic Transition,Heterogeneous Social Capital,and Corporate Performance: Empirical Evidence from China

A theoretical framework based on information and embeddedness is constructed to analyze the micro structure of the impact of heterogeneous social capital on corporate performance. It is empirically tested based on data collected from a sample of 155 Chinese firms. Results indicate that hierarchical social capital has a positive association with corporate market power but little impact on corporate operational efficiency. Furthermore, social capital can promote operational efficiency but contribute little to corporate market power. There is a complementary structure between the two types of heterogeneous social capital. The embedded inertia of social capital into institutional environment is negatively related with corporate performance. From the perspective of economic transition, firms in developed regions rely far more on hierarchical social capital to acquire market power than firms in developing areas.