基于ISCP-DPSK调制的直接序列扩频技术

使用符号内连续相位差分相移键控(ISCP-DPSK)调制的直接序列扩频方法可以在实现扩频抗 干扰的同时保留ISCP-DPSK调制信号的准恒包络特性和优良的频谱特性,有利于非线性和功 率受限的应用场合。由于采用非相干的信号解扩解调方法,避免了低信噪比下的载波和相位 估计与跟踪,简化了系统设计。计算机仿真表明,基于ISCP-DPSK调制的直接序列扩频能有 效对抗本振偏离、多普勒频移等引起的符号间相位变化影响,8倍扩频和16倍扩频的增益仅 与理论值分别相差01 dB和0.2 dB。     

混合扩频信号快速参数估计与识别算法

针对混合扩频信号多是基于直接序列扩频和跳频扩频相结合的现状,提出了基 于直接序列和线性调频相结合的混合扩频信号快速参数估计与识别算法。通过建立基于频域 矩峰度系数的神经网络,将两类信号识别开来, 信噪比为-2 dB时识别概率均达到95%以 上 。通过倒序共轭卷积和分段截取后快速解线调,实现了复合信号各参数的快速估计,信噪比 为 -1 dB时码速率估计精度均较高。     

基于FPGA的宽动态范围DPSK解调器设计

为了解决大多普勒频移、猝发通信条件下传统接收机结构复杂的问题,设计并实现了一 种基于FPGA实现的宽动态范围全数字DPSK基带接收机。采用1 bit A/D带通采样技术和差分 检测技术,在最大40 kHz多普勒频移条件下实现了70 dB动态范围。该技术已用于 某低成本毫米波数据通信系统中,实现了码速率为10 Mbit/s、动态范围大于70 dB的D PSK信号解调,系统误比特率为10-6。     

一种并行传输的时频域扩频多载波DS-CDMA系统性能分析

提出了一种并行传输的时频域扩频多载波DS-CDMA系统,它先将传输数据进行串并转 换而后经过时域和频域两次扩频。在不改变传输数据速率和扩频增益的情况下,并行传输可 以增大符号时间和降低码片速率,从而提高信号的抗频率选择性衰落的能力和实现低速率信 号处理。采用码片匹配滤波的方式对信号进行接收,分析了高斯信道下的单用户检测性能并 推导了误比特率表达式。研究表明,在此系统中串并转换比与码片速率的降低和子载波个 数成正比,而与误比特率无关;不存在比特间干扰;多用户干扰只存在于同一子载波传输的 不同用户的数据比特之间,且可通过采用正交时域扩频码来消除;误比特率随用户数量的增 加而增加,而随每比特信噪比和扩频增益的增加而降低;在带宽受限的情况下,可通过合理 设置串并装换比、时域和频域扩频增益参数来简化系统实现,满足误比特率的性能需求。     

一种利用线性调频信号的新型扩频调制技术

根据上扫频和下扫频线性调频(LFM)信号的特性，针对传统的超宽带无线通信系统中线性调频扩频技术存在的调制效率低、误码率性能低、实现复杂高等问题，结合线性调频（Chirp）扩频以及循环移位编码(CCSK)扩频，提出了一种基于线性调频信号的循环移位线性调频扩频技术(CS-CSS)。首先，将输入数据映射在循环移位因子(CSF)上；然后，根据CSF数值对基带所产生的Chirp信号进行循环移位达到调制的目的；最后，在解调端经过加窗处理、快速傅里叶变换（FFT）得到与发射端对应的CSF，从而得到发送的数据。误符号率的仿真结果与理论推导公式相吻合，从调制效率和误码率性能上讲，该方案相比线性调频二进制正交键控(Chirp BOK)系统具有超过10 dB的误码率性能。因此，该方案具有更好的误码率性能、更高的调制效率及实现更低的复杂度。     

JTRAS/OSTBC系统在莱斯信道下的性能分析

在莱斯衰落信道下,研究了使用联合发射/接收天线选择(JTRAS)和正交空时分组码(OSTBC)的多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的平均符号误码率(ASEP)性能。基于标量加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道的方法,推导出了分别使用频移键控调制(FSK)和脉冲幅度调制(PAM)的ASEP性能的精确闭合表达式。数值仿真结果与理论分析结果相吻合,验证了分析结果的正确性。仿真结果表明：随着发射天线或接收天线数的增加,JTRAS/OSTBC系统的ASEP性能得到了很好的改善,当使用2FSK调制,信噪比为8 dB时,(4,4;2)系统的误码率是1×10-2,(6,6;6)系统的误码率是2×10-4;莱斯因子对JTRAS/OSTBC系统的ASEP性能有显著影响,当使用2FSK调制,信噪比为10 dB时,在莱斯因子为0时,(4,4;4)系统的误码率是7×10-4;在莱斯因子为4时,(4,4;4)系统的误码率是1.5×10-4;在莱斯因子为100时,(4,4;4)系统的误码率是8×10-5。     

认知FrFT域通信系统及其抗干扰性能分析

为了增强无线通信系统的抗干扰能力,设计了一种认知FrFT(分数傅里叶变换)域通信系统（ CFrFTDCS ）,在变换域通信系统中采用分数傅里叶变换,并与认知无线电技术结合,给出了系统的结 构框图和工作原理,分析了系统的抗干扰性能。计算机仿真结果表明,CFrFTDCS具有较强的 抗 干扰能力,针对单音干扰、窄带干扰和Chirp干扰,CFrFTDCS的平均误码率性能比直接序列 扩频（DSSS）通信系统分别改善了约15.70 dB、13.29 dB和13.79 dB,比传统 的变换域通信系统（TDCS）分别改善了约0.18 dB、0.23 dB和3.63 dB。     

基于TPC编码的双多进制正交码扩频系统性能分析

本文以传统单正交码扩频技术为基础，提出了一种双多进制正交码扩频 4DPSK的复合调制方式，以进一步提高频谱利用率。首先给出了复合调制方案以及采用最大后验概率(MAP)准则的最佳非相干接收方法，其次提出了适合Turbo乘积码(TPC)SISO(软输入软输出)译码的软判决信息提取算法，最后测试了系统在高斯白噪声信道下的误比特性能。仿真表明该系统可以获得比传统正交扩频系统更高的抗噪声干扰能力，引入TPC编码技术后性能有较大改善。     

采用截断循环前缀的OFDM系统码元盲同步

为提高低信噪比下抗干扰能力,提出一种更加稳健的正交频分复用（OFDM）系统盲同步方案。所提方法不需要预先估计信噪比（SNR）信息,而是根据循环前缀（CP）和距离分析,进行定时偏移的盲估计。算法利用CP和对应码元尾部的相似性,在频域最小化码间距离。为减少计算复杂度,距离测量同样可在时域进行。为提高算法性能,剥离多径干扰,使用了截断CP技术。仿真结果表明,在SNR为0 dB时,算法依然可正确识别定时偏移位置,较以往基于CP的盲同步算法,所提方案在低信噪比下性能更加稳健。这使得所提算法更适合一些低SNR情况下的应用,如混合直接序列扩频技术的OFDM系统。     

基于快速OPAST算法的直扩信号PN码序列估计

在直接序列扩频（DSSS）通信对抗系统中，伪码（PN）序列估计是一个重要的研究课题。针对在某些情况下权值向量不收敛的问题，提出了一种基于快速正交投影逼近子空间跟踪（OPAST）算法和滑动窗技术的直扩信号PN码序列估计算法，对非同步接收DSSS信号按照宽窗口分段，利用快速OPAST算法提取主特征向量，滑动窗技术实现码同步。该算法迭代权值向量具有正交性以及良好的收敛性，同时解决了常见相位模糊问题。算法具有较低复杂度，数据存储量少，易于硬件实现与实时处理。仿真结果表明，在-10 dB的较低信噪比背景环境中，该快速OPAST算法可以正确有效地估计出PN码序列。     

美国国际贸易法院判定美国商务部对河北兴茂轮胎有限公司非公路用轮胎“双反”措施不当案评述

美国进口商和中国出口商不满美国商务部对来自中国的某些非公路用轮胎实施反倾销和反补贴税的裁定,向美国国际贸易法院提出起诉。美国国际贸易法院裁定,美国法律没有明确规定反倾销税法是否可适用于非市场经济国家;本案中美国商务部做的"双反"裁定,在方法上不合理。本文在介绍该案的基本案情、归纳法院推理和判决的基础上,对该案涉及的法律问题做了简要评论。     

How do economic,cultural, and global-connectedness distances moderate the effect of customers’ experiences on their intention to revisit non-indigenous restaurants? Evidence from Korean restaurants

In this study, we evaluate how the effect of customers' experiences on revisit intention for non-indigenous restaurants can be moderated by economic distance (ED), cultural distance (CD) and global-connectedness distance (GD) between the country of origin for a given non-indigenous restaurant and the customer’s resident country. Surveys were conducted in seven countries across three continents, and the levels of ED, CD and GD between Korea and the seven countries were used as moderators. The findings suggest that the types of food and staff are two elements that should be emphasized in countries that are relatively close to Korea. Conversely, elements like the atmosphere of the restaurant and word of mouth should be emphasized in countries that have greater distances from Korea. Of the three distances considered in the study, GD had the strongest moderating effect on the relationship between customers’ experiences and their intentions to return to the restaurant. As a whole, the results imply that ED, CD and GD are important points of reference when considering prior experience while selecting a target country based on the strength of the restaurant’s experience management.     

The political market for immigration restrictions: Model and test

This paper addresses the important question of whether public investment spending on economic infrastructure enhances economic growth in Mexico. It estimates a Cobb-Douglas production function that includes public infrastructure capital. Using cointegration analysis, the paper estimates a vector error correction model (VECM) for the 1995?–?99 period. The results suggest that there is a long-term stable relationship among the variables included in the VECM. The evidence also indicates that both public infrastructure spending and private capital formation have a positive and highly significant effect on the rate of output growth. Finally, the impulse response functions (IRF) and the variance decompositions (VDC) of the endogenous variables in the VECM suggest that the response of private capital to public infrastructure is positive while the reverse causation is not affirmed. From a policy standpoint, the findings call into question stabilization policies that disproportionately reduce public infrastructure to meet targeted reductions in the fiscal deficit (JEL, O1, O47, O54).     

PTE,innovation capital and firm value interactions in the biotech medical industry

Unlike previous studies which only focus on the main effect between IC and FV, this research includes PTE with the gap of resource-based view. IC is a key element in creating a competitive advantage, as it has a great influence on FV. A company may put relatively less into IC if it demonstrates higher efficiency. However, previous studies have neglected the fact that relative efficiency and IC affect FV and stock returns directly and indirectly. The research period was from 2006 to 2010 and the main research methods include HRA and DEA. The main research findings include the following. (1) There is a space for improvement in terms of the total technical efficiency. (2) PTE has a significant moderating effect between IC and FV. (3) IC and PTE have a significant influence on FV. (4) Apart from PTE and stock returns, IC and FV show significant differences within the sub-industry.     

基于风险调整收益方法的企业信用风险管理研究

文章根据风险调整收益（RAROC）的原理,借鉴J.P.摩根的信用计量CreditMetrics模型中信用等级转移的思想,构建了应收账款回收期内受信企业信用状况转移矩阵,并据此计算出企业信用VaR值和经济资本CaR值,进而计算RAROC比值,可为企业信用销售决策提供依据。通过将RAROC方法引入企业信用风险管理体系,可以对企业经营活动进行基于风险的绩效考核和业绩评价,以期提高企业信用风险管理水平。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定粉质化妆品中的六价铬

采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）与电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）联用技术,建立了粉质化妆品中六价铬的测定方法。样品经0.05 mol/L氢氧化纳溶液超声振荡提取;HPLC采用Hypersil GOLD C18柱分离,以5%（v/v）甲醇-2 mmol/L四丁基硫酸氢铵水溶液（pH 4.0）作为流动相;ICP-MS测定选用碰撞池技术以消除40Ar12C对52Cr的谱学干扰。方法学研究结果表明,添加水平为0.040-2.000 mg/kg时,回收率为77.5%-107.5%,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于10%。     

Why Consumers in Developing Countries Prefer Foreign Brands: A Study of Japanese Brands in Vietnam

ABSTRACT

Building on social-identity theory, the research develops a model for understanding of the impact of consumer identification with a nation on consumers' brand evaluations. It posits that developing-country consumers' identification with a foreign (developed) nation influences three factors—consumer-based brand equity, consumer-based country image, and consumer-based brand credibility. The research was informed by data from 400 Vietnamese consumers in relation to two Japanese brands Sony and Honda and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show that Vietnamese (developing-country) consumers prefer Japanese (developed-country) brands over domestic brands, when these consumers identify with the developed nation.     

Is the cure worse than the disease? The effect of emerging market MNEs on host country corruption

In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in the amount of foreign investment by emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs). While it has been debated whether EMNEs strengthen or weaken the institutions in host countries they invest in, the literature has paid limited attention to how EMNE investment impacts corruption in other emerging markets, one of the most significant destinations of EMNEs. Following Hoskisson et al. (2013), we categorize two types of emerging markets as targets of EMNE investment, a) low-income emerging markets and b) middle-income emerging markets, based on their institutional and market development. Building on the theory of firm-specific advantages (FSAs) and the institutional advantage (IA) of EMNEs, we reason that EMNEs enter foreign markets in accordance to where their skills and competencies can be effectively utilized, and this impacts corruption in the host country. We make two key arguments: (1) EMNEs predominantly use their IA in low-income emerging markets, which in the long term increases corruption in the host market, and (2) EMNEs predominantly use their FSAs to gain competitive advantage in middle-income emerging markets, which decreases corruption in the host market. Empirical analysis of Chinese outward FDI from the 2008-2018 period supports our hypotheses. Our research contributes to both the literature on EMNEs and corruption.     

供应链和虚拟企业:比较及转化

供应链管理和虚拟企业是已经在世界范围所采用的概念。这些概念包括一系列管理、组织和技术问题,公司为了提高竞争能力,开拓市场机遇,建立合作联盟。供应链管理是一种集成的管理思想,从战略上整体地整合供应商和顾客。虚拟企业是一种动态的临时组织形式,不同的企业为了开拓商业机遇而通过合作弥补自身竞争力的不足。虽然他们有各自的特点,但是也有共同点。