基础工程施工中的环境岩土工程问题研究

基础工程施工不仅要考虑工程自身的技术问题,还应考虑工程施工对自然环境的影响。文章分析了近年来环境岩土工程问题的产生背景和发展过程,对环境岩土工程的定义、研究方法、研究方向等做了阐述;研究了环境岩土工程所面临的问题,总结出应当在系统论的指导下对环境岩土工程问题进行研究。     

未来城市地下工程中的环境岩土工程浅析

人们在向城市高空寻求空间的同时,也在积极的开拓城市地下空间。但开发地下空间要遇到许多专业的技术难题。从环境岩土工程学的角度出发,对环境岩土工程的概念、研究现状、研究内容作了论述,分析了在城市地下工程建设中产生的问题和影响,并提出了一些防治措施,以减少对周围建筑物的影响。     

浅谈岩土工程有关问题的研究

本文首先讨论了室内试验,接着分析了膨胀土损伤方面的研究,最后研究了环境岩土工程发展前景展望。因此本文具有深刻的理论意义和广泛的实际应用。     

对环境岩土工程的若干研究

多年来,为解决大环境岩土工程问题,即用岩土工程方法来抵御自然灾变所造成的对人类的危害,国内外学者做了大量的研究工作,取得了很多成果.目前,各国学者都致力于小环境岩土工程问题的研究,本文着重就小环境岩土工程问题的研究现状与发展趋势作一些介绍和评述.     

谈谈如何消除地下水对岩土工程的危害

地质环境系统中最容易发生变化的是地下水,地下水位的变化能引起整个地质环境的变化,对岩土工程造成了非常严重的危害,如何消除这些危害是岩土工程工作者面临的主要问题。文章研究了地下水对岩土工程的危害,并提出了相关的应对措施,希望能为我国的岩土工程相关工作提供应有的支持和帮助。     

岩土工程勘察研究

岩土工程勘察是指根据建设工程的要求，查明、分析、评价建设场地的地质、环境特征和岩土工程条件，编制勘察文件的活动，以达到更好的施工效果。文章结合拟建物阐述岩土工程勘察的全过程，探讨了场地岩土工程分析与评价，以及施工注意事项等问题。     

关于岩土工程几个关键问题的思考

本文首先讨论了室内试验,接着分析了膨胀土损伤方面的研究,最后研究了环境岩土工程发展前景展望。     

关于岩土工程地质勘察相关问题的探讨

在经济建设快速发展的背景下,各项建设工程开展的异常迅速,所以在这种情况下岩土工程地质勘察工作必不可少.为了确保建设项目的顺利进行,需要对施工现场开展岩土勘察,对地质水文、岩土结构以及环境等工程条件进行勘察,为工程的决策以及设计提供有利的数据资料.随着时代的发展,岩土工程地质勘察工作也在不断的进步,在勘察技术、设备以及方法等方面都有所革新,将对岩土工程地质勘察工作的相关问题进行分析,为我国岩土工程勘察工作的进一步发展起到促进作用.     

岩土工程勘察中存在的问题及创新途径

岩土工程勘察是应用岩土工程的观点、技术和方法,查明、分析、评价建设场地的地质环境特征和岩土工程条件.工程建设前,进行岩土工程勘察,查明建设场地的地质条件,对存在或可能存在的岩士工程问题提出解决方案,对存在的不良地质作用提前采取防治措施,可以有效防止地质灾害的发生.同时,岩土工程勘察所占工程投资比例甚低,通过勘察可以充分利用有利条件,避免或改造不利条件,减少工程后期处理费用,提高工程质量.传统的勘察手段以及传统的工程勘察方法已经显得力不从心,在岩土工程勘察的过程中出现了很多不规范行为.本文就这一问题进行详细探讨,通过勘测的实例来说明岩土工程勘测中的问题,以及解决的措施.     

地下水对岩土工程的危害及防治措施

地下水既是岩土体的组成部分,直接影响岩土体工程特性,又是基础工程的环境,影响建筑物的稳定性和耐久性。由于工程勘察中对水文地质问题研究不深人,设计中又忽视了水文地质问题,经常发生由地下水引发的各种岩土工程危害问题,因此,在勘察中加强水文地质问题的研究是十分必要的,在工程勘察中不仅要求查明与岩土工程有关的水文地质问题,评价地下水对岩土体和建筑物的作用及其影响,更要提出预防及治理措施的建议。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.