城乡居民收入差距影响因素实证分析

本文选取了影响城乡居民收入差距的四个因素——城乡人均物质资本差距、城乡人力资本差距、城乡劳动力市场一体化程度和城乡经济增长率差距,并就它们对城乡居民收入差距的影响进行了分析。研究表明,城乡人均物质资本差距和城乡劳动力市场一体化程度对城乡居民收入差距有正向影响,城乡人力资本差距对城乡居民收入差距有负向影响,而城乡经济增长率差正时城乡居民收入差距影响不显著。所以,缩小城乡居民收入差距最有效的途径是缩小城乡居民人均物质资本差正巨。     

金华市城乡居民收入差距影响因素及对策探究

基于金华市2000—2018年统计年鉴数据,建立多元回归模型,研究金华市城乡居民收入差距的影响因素。结果表明:经济发展水平、地区开放程度和城镇化率与城乡居民收入差距为负相关,但地区开放程度对城乡居民收入差距不显著;产业结构因素、固定资产投资率与城乡居民收入差距为正相关,但固定资产投资率对城乡居民收入差距影响不显著。在此基础上,提出了缩小城乡居民收入差距的对策。     

辽宁省城乡居民收入差距的变动趋势研究

本文分析了改革开放以来辽宁省城乡居民收入和收入差距的变动趋势和特点,然后进一步分析了城乡居民分项收入对城乡居民收入差距的贡献率变动态势,为解决城乡居民收入差距不断拉大的问题提供借鉴和思路。     

湖南城乡居民收入差距的地区对比研究

通过对湖南省城乡居民收入差距的时空特征分析,认为湖南城乡居民收入差距经历了4个阶段。城乡居民收入的差距较大,区域差异明显。重点分析了1998~2003年的城乡收入差距空间格局的变化。结果表明,湖南省城乡居民收入差距的空间格局由圈层结构过渡到了地带性格局。空间格局主要受各地区的经济发展水平、农民收入水平的影响。最后提出了缩小湖南省城乡居民收入差距的主要对策。     

内蒙古经济发展与城乡居民收入水平实证分析

内蒙古经济近十年来得到迅速增长,但城乡居民收入差距却有拉大趋势。本文分析了内蒙古近十年来城乡居民收入差距状况及其变化情况,进一步分析了内蒙古城乡居民收入差距产生的原因和影响因素。提出了缩小内蒙古城乡居民收入差距的对策和措施。     

安徽省城乡居民收入差距实证分析

本文运用安徽省1978—2004年的统计资料,分析了安徽省城乡居民收入差距的实际状况及变化特征,在论述了影响安徽省城乡居民收入差距的主要因素的基础上,通过建立多元回归模型验证了各因素对安徽省城乡居民收入差距的影响程度,进一步提出了缩小安徽省城乡居民收入差距的对策和建议。     

我国城乡居民收入差距特征及趋势分析

[目的]分析国家及各省区城乡居民收入差距演变的趋势,为判断城乡收入差距发展阶段提供参考。[方法]通过测算城乡居民收入的绝对、相对差距及收入增速,考察我国城乡居民收入差距的演变特征;运用聚类分析了3个阶段各省区城乡居民收入差距类型,根据类型演变分析我国城乡居民收入差距的演变趋势。[结果]我国城乡居民收入的绝对差距从1978年的210元持续增大为2015年的2 754元,收入相对差距经历了3次"下降——上升"的波动。我国城乡家庭居民收入从极低水平、差距悬殊的状态演变为中等收入水平、绝对差距继续扩大、相对差距轻微缩小的状态;现阶段我国城乡居民绝对差距增速逐步降低,相对差距自2010年起开始缩小。大多数省区在收入水平提高和相对差距缩小方面都有长足进步。[结论]从差距演变的阶段性特点分析,我国城乡居民收入相对差距有明显缩小的趋势,符合"倒U"模型。     

深化制度改革与消除城乡居民收入差距

2010年,我国的基尼系数超过了0.5,预警了整体上收入差距的悬殊状况。其中,城乡居民收入差距持续扩大更是我国整体收入差距加大的征兆。本文较全面地分析了造成城乡居民收入差距形成的原因,并由此提出深化制度改革、消除城乡居民收入差距的具体政策建议。     

农村金融发展对城乡居民收入差距的影响效应分析及其检验

本文首先将我国农村金融发展对城乡居民收入差距的影响分为门槛效应、减困效应、非均衡效应和涓滴效应,其中,门槛效应和非均衡效应扩大城乡居民收入差距,而减困效应和涓滴效应缩小城乡居民收入差距。然后,基于我国1990~2013年的数据,利用Johansen协整检验和VECM模型方法实证检验了我国农村金融发展对城乡居民收入差距的影响。实证研究发现,我国农村金融发展与城乡居民收入差距既存在长期均衡关系也存在短期动态关系。在长期中,农村金融发展规模的增加使城乡收入差距扩大,而农村金融发展效率的提高使城乡收入差距缩小。在短期内,我国农村金融发展规模和农村金融发展效率均是城乡居民收入差距波动的原因。最后,就深化农村金融体制改革、提高农村居民收入水平提出若干对策建议。     

地位收益：中国城乡收入差距日益扩大的原因

本文认为，中国城乡居民之间社会地位的差异以及城乡地理位置的差异会给城乡居民带来不同的地位收益，城乡居民之间的地位收益差距远远大于其名义收入差距，而居民之间的实际收入差距等于其名义收入差距与地位收益差距之和。因此，地位收益的存在拉大了中国城乡居民之间的收入差距。     

国土资源科技进步与可持续发展

本文探讨了国土资源科技进步与可持续发展的关系 ,科技进步实现我国现阶段可持续发展的途径 ,对可持续发展的未来进行了展望 ,并提出了若干结论和建议。     

国土资源与可持续发展

今天 ,我向大家介绍一下我国国土资源的有关情况 ,并与大家一起学习中央关于国土资源管理的重要指示精神。我的介绍分为三个部分 :一是对国土资源重要地位和作用的认识 ;二是对国土资源面临严峻形势的分析 ;三是保护和合理利用国土资源的对策。一、国土资源的重要地位和作用自然资源包括土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源、水资源、森林资源、草原资源、生物资源、气候资源、能源资源及自然景观旅游资源等十多种。社会生产离不开资源 ,无论生产创造的财富属于哪一个门类 ,其起始点都必定是自然资源。任何一个国家 ,其经济发展的规模、速度以及稳…     

江苏省地质环境管理改革发展的目标与路径

江苏省现阶段的主要地质环境问题是由自然因素和人为因素造成和引发的。多年来,江苏省地质环境管理取得了很大成绩,但也存在不少问题。新时期加强地质环境管理要根据江苏省的实际,不断深化认识,健全法制,明确责任,突出重点,拓宽地质环境管理思路;要从政府、企业和社会三方面着手,构建保障社会科学发展的地质环境管理新机制,全面推进地质环境管理改革,为江苏省现代化建设"两个率先"的宏伟目标服务。     

保障抗震救灾粮油质量安全的实践与体会

<正>"5·12"特大地震,给四川省粮食系统造成了重大人员伤亡和巨额经济损失,全省21个市州、148个县(市、区)、618个企业遭受了不同程度的破坏和损失,造成的直接和间接经济损失达到140亿     

Similarities and dissimilarities between the EU agricultural and rural development model and Romanian agriculture. Challenges and perspectives

The main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the European model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. Statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the EU countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. At present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old EU Member States. In Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. An option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects.     

Land use planning and health and well-being

This paper is concerned with the relationship between the planning of settlements and health. It gives a brief introduction to the issues before summarising the evidence in relation to a range of topics, concluding with some more speculative thoughts on likely future findings.Modern planning was invented in response to inhumane living conditions in 19th century cities. But in the last century the connection was lost. Only now, with concerns over climate change and obesity, is there beginning to be the realisation that the physical environment is an important determinant of health.The paper uses a particular model of this relationship based on eco-system and health determinants theories to structure the review of evidence. The review covers: lifestyle choices in relation to physical activity and diet, mental well-being and community, the local economy and income, health inequalities and strategic land use transport planning, pollution and urban form, and finally impacts on global ecology.There is now a growing consensus that while personal factors are critical in determining health, the urban environment exacerbates or mitigates health and well-being outcomes.The level of active travel (walking and cycling) and outdoor recreational activity is strongly affected by accessibility to local facilities. Access to green, natural environments, and to local social networks, are factors in mental well-being. The wider sub-regional pattern of housing, economic development, land use and transport is a determinant of social exclusion and therefore health inequalities. It also affects health-damaging pollution, adaptability in the face of climate change and the level of carbon dioxide emissions.We have literally been building unhealthy conditions into many of our towns and cities. But comparisons with the best cities in Europe indicate that it is possible to reverse the less desirable trends. Success depends, however, on more radical policies of local authority control over land and finance than any political party has yet advocated. It also requires collaboration between the full range of powerful public and private organizations that influence the built environment.Future research is likely to further strengthen these conclusions. It will become much more obvious that planning for health and well-being is not only the NHS, but about creating a health-promoting physical, social and economic environment.     

Mix and sequencing of economywide and agricultural reforms: Chile and New Zealand

Once committed to economywide and sectoral reforms – stabilization, structural adjustment, and trade liberalization – and companion reforms of institutions, how does government best proceed? With what reforms in response to initial conditions, and in what mix, sequence, strength, and speed? This study examines what factors were most critical to success during transition in two early reformers. The economies of Chile and New Zealand have undergone seismic reforms, starting in the mid-1970s and 1980s, respectively. Comparative analysis of their reforms look at the prior conditions that induced drastic action and the policy choices made in each country. Though similar in many respects, differences in initial economic conditions and implementation led to dissimilar, even contrary results. For Chile, the outcome was a vigorous, recharged economy and agricultural sector; for New Zealand, the economy and the sector are lagging still. How policy choice and implementation, as well as simultaneity of reforms, affected the outcomes is the major thrust of the study. The preeminence of trade and macroeconomic policies over sectoral interventions, and in particular the strategic nature of the real exchange rate in allowing agriculture to compete domestically and internationally highlight the discussion.