基于采购协议价格的VMI协调机制研究

供应商管理库存（VMI）是供应链上库存管理的一种新思路。在VMI模式下,供应商共享零售商的库存信息,从整体上进行决策以降低供应链的总体成本。但由于商承担了零售商的库存管理,获得的利润可能会减少,从而造成其责任和利益的不统一。基于单一供应商和单一零售商的两阶段模型,假定顾客需求随机并且允许缺货,在分析VMI实施前后双方利润变化的基础上,提出了协议价格这种供应链协调机制,以保证VMI的有效实施。     

供应商管理用户库存VMI系统的实施分析

供应商管理用户库存（VMI）作为一种新的库存管理模式,能够减少供应链整体的库存积压,是一种有效的供应链管理方法。这种管理思想的彻底贯彻,有赖于VMI系统的正确实施。本文对VMI实施的影响因素、实施步骤进行分析,提出了VMI在我国企业应用中要注意的一些问题。     

VMI与TPL集成的供应链管理模式

供应商管理库存(VMI)的实施对供应商而言有利亦有弊,而供应商物流能力的制约是弊端产生的重要原因.基于此,本文讨论将第三方物流(TPL)应用于VMI的供应链管理模式.文章首先提出,VMI物流系统复杂性、供应商核心竞争力的培育和供应链缋效的提升是VMI与TPL集成的推动因素.其次构建了引入TPL的VMI供应链物流系统集成的过程模型,分析了集成过程中计划期和实施期两个阶段的主要工作内容.根据TPL企业在VMI供应链中的角色和作用不同,将VMI与TPL集成供应链管理模式分为分散协调和集中控制两种不同集成程度的供应链管理模式,并对这两种模式进行了比较分析,分别阐述了两种模式的适用环境和运作流程.最后指出契约的支持、信息技术的支撑、供应链物流集成者能力的支持和物流运作规范化的支持是VMI与TPL集成供应链管理模式运作的支撑条件.     

供应商管理库存(VMI)在我国的实施探讨

VMI作为一种新的管理思想,近年来越来越受到人们的关注。由于我国企业对VMI这种先进的库存管理模式的应用处于起步阶段,因此实施VMI时企业需要具备什么样的条件,也成为企业成功应用VMI前提条件。文章首先介绍了VMI的概念及其特点,阐述了实施VMI的优点。就如何能够成功实施VMI进行了深入的、全面的探讨,结合我国企业的实际情况,分析了VMI在我国实践应用中所面临的问题,并对其分别给出了解决建议。     

基于供应商管理库存的优化策略

供应商管理库存(VMI)是供应商等上游企业基于其下游客户的生产经营、库存信息,对下游客户的库存进行管理与控制.本文分析了供应商管理库存的基本功能,及在应用中的优化策略.     

随机提前期多产品供应链库存控制策略研究

在供应链环境及结构稳定情况下,供应链上的各节点企业,根据需求来调整相应的运作策略。基于多层供应商及供货产品为多品种且集约到一个核心企业的供应链网络,根据该供应链网络供需结构和特点分析了各节点的需求特征,得出了订货提前期为随机条件下的最佳库存费用,并利用各节点服务水平约束下的临界值及库存费用凸函数特性确定了供应链的运作策略。     

基于VMI的中低压配网物资协议库存采购模式研究

协议库存采购是国家电网公司为提高中低压配电工程物资供应的时效性对配网的部分物资实行协议库存采购货物招标的一种新的采购模式。为提高供应商的准时供货率,保障物资供应,在供应商管理库存（VMI）的基础上,将电网企业的物资采购与库存方式相结合,提出了VMI协议库存采购模式及具体的实施方式。     

核心企业集约的多产品、多级供应链库存控制策略研究

在供应链环境及结构稳定情况下,供应链上的各节点企业,根据需求来调整相应的运作策略。基于多层供应商及供货产品为多品种且集约到一个核心企业的供应链网络,根据该供应链网络供需结构和特点分析了各节点的需求特征,得出了订货提前期为随机条件下的最佳库存费用,并利用各节点服务水平约束下的临界值及库存费用凸函数特性确定了供应链的运作策略。     

供应商管理用户库存VMI的动因分析

供应链管理强调核心竞争力,需要各方相互之间建立合作关系。在库存合作方面,与用户自己管理库存相比,在供应商管理用户库存VMI方式下,企业对自己产品管理更专业,更有经验,供应链企业的服务水平会提高,同时降低库存管理成本。文章首先对供应链决策上的库存管理进行分析。接着,对VMI产生和发展的管理理论和方法展开讨论。最后,探讨建立VMI的信息技术和物流技术。     

JIT理论在汽车4S店中的应用研究

本文通过对汽车4S店的调查研究,发现在4S店经营过程中存在很多问题。通过深入分析我们发现,很多4S店经营方面问题的根源在于库存管理。笔者决定将JIT思想引入4S店的库存管理中,将订货模式改为补货模式,并且提出了相应的库存管理优化方案。在方案中笔者清晰地表达了JIT库存管理的思想,并提出了实施这一优化方案。在最后,笔者提出了优化方案将要达到的目标和效果。     

leagile供应链断耦点判定问题研究

在提前期、成本及产品多样性等因素基础上，建立了供应链系统利润模型；在利润最优的前提下，发展了一系列判定规则；并利用判定规则逐一时供应链系统中的各库存备选点能否作为断耦点进行分析，基于分析得出的数据结果，得到了供应链系统的断耦点备选点；最后分析了不同供应链运作环境下的决策偏重，并指出应结合数据分析结果及决策者的经验，综合权衡各相关因素后确定最终断耦点。     

Integrating dynamic pricing and inventory control for fresh‐agri product under consumer choice

In this article, we investigate a joint pricing and inventory problem for a retailer selling fresh‐agri products (FAPs) with two‐period shelf lifetime in a dynamic stochastic setting, where new and old FAPs are on sale simultaneously. At the beginning of each period, the retailer makes ordering decision for new FAP and sets regular and discount prices for new and old inventories, respectively. After demand realisation, the expired leftover is disposed and unexpired inventory is carried to the next period, for continuing selling. Unmet demand of all FAPs is backordered. The objective is to maximise the total expected discount profit over the whole planning horizon. We present a price dependent, stochastic dynamic programming model taking into account zero lead‐time, linear ordering costs, inventory holding and backlogging costs, as well as disposal cost. As the influence of the perishability, each customer selects his preferred choice based on the utility of product price and quality. By the way of constructing demand rate vector, the original formulation can be transferred to be jointly concave and tractable. Finally, we characterise the optimal policy and develop effective methods to solve the problem. We also conduct numerical studies to further characterise the optimal policy, and to evaluate the loss of efficiency under static policies when compared to the optimal dynamic policy.     

Channel competition and coordination of a dual-channel supply chain with demand and cost disruptions

The impacts of simultaneous disruption of demand and cost on pricing, production and coordination of a dual-channel supply chain with one manufacturer and one retailer are examined. First, coordination of the dual-channel supply chain without disruption is proposed, by using a revenue sharing contract. Furthermore, the effects of simultaneous disruption of demand and cost on pricing, production and profit are examined from the perspective of partners and the whole supply chain. Optimal prices and quantum of production in the event of disruptions occurring are derived. Suitable changes and improvements in revenue sharing contracts can help coordinate the dual-channel supply chain with disruptions. Finally, the proposed models are further analysed through numerical examples.     

创新型艺术金融管理人才培养模式的研究与实践

随着艺术品市场快速发展,艺术品金融化趋势越来越明显,相关人才需求缺口加大。通过对当前中国艺术金融管理人才培养现状分析,初步提出探索艺术金融管理人才培养的对策,主要包括通过教育教学理念的创新,确立人才培养目标的准确定位,并探索多元化的创新性教学模式和方法,积极推进教师队伍结构优化与素质提高,进一步推进课程改革与创新,注重实践实训课程,以及建立健全多层次过程性的教学效果评价体系。     

Multi-item EOQ model while demand is sales price and price break sensitive

In this paper, the authors study a multi-item deterministic EOQ (economic order quantity) model for a vendor when the demand rate of the essential commodities decreases quadratically with increasing sales price and increase exponentially with increasing level of price breaks. A price discount is offered to the customers when the revenue of the vendor crosses the level of price break. The main aim of the present article is to find out the optimal order quantities, optimal selling prices and optimal level of price break in order to maximize the average profit of the whole products. Numerical examples are also illustrated to test of our proposed model.     

Asymmetries in price and quantity adjustments by the competitive firm

Focusing on the crucial role of inventory carry-overs in the production and sales decision, we describe the profit maximizing behavior of a dynamic competitive firm facing random prices. Each firm's behavior is incorporated into a stochastic equilibrium model of the competitive industry with uncertain demand. The industry model exhibits asymmetric cyclical fluctuations of the “Keynesian” sort: when demand is weak, output contracts while price holds at a fixed floor; when demand is strong, price increases as output is constrained by a ceiling. Even in a pure world of constant returns, without increasing costs, the inability to instantaneously coordinate production and sales along with the existence of inventories is sufficient to yield a “backward L” shaped supply curve for the short run.     

A collaborating inventory model in a supply chain

The present article investigates an economic order quantity/ economic production quantity model in three-layer (manufacturer, vendor and retailer) supply chain management. In each stage, the products may undergo non-conforming quality items which have less value in the market. This model maximizes a collaborating expected profit function while production rate, order quantity, number of shipments with equal sizes are decision variables and unit production cost is a function of production rate. Numerical example is illustrated to test the model.     

随机需求曲线下的供应链零售商决策与牛鞭效应

本文讨论由一个供应商和一个零售商组成的简单两级供应链系统中,对于不同的随机需求函数,零售商的联合决策对牛鞭效应的影响。首先建立了基于具有随机扰动项的需求函数下的零售商优化联合决策(库存决策和定价决策)的一般模型;然后分析在随机需求函数为线性和等弹性(假设随机扰动项为独立同分布的正态分布)的情形下零售商决策对牛鞭效应的影响。对于随机线性需求函数,牛鞭效应不会发生;而对于随机等弹性需求函数,仿真实验结果显示,零售商优化联合决策能使牛鞭效应度量值随着曲线等弹性系数或刻度因子的增大而减小,但牛鞭效应始终会发生。因此,零售商在制定策略以减小牛鞭效应时,还应考虑不同需求曲线的形态和精细结构。     

小微企业资金约束供应链中的协调融资——基于核心企业的功能价值视角

小微企业资金流瓶颈带来的供应链短板效应不仅成为制约其自身创新发展的桎梏,而且威胁到所在供应链的稳定性和竞争力。根据供应链中核心企业在协助小微企业解决资金约束问题过程中发挥的协调功能,提出了供应链融资协调模式,并对协调模式解决小微企业融资问题的作用机理进行了分析。针对协调模式运作中可能存在的权力配置和运作效率问题,进一步从共同财产权、信息共享和利润分配等方面探讨了使协调模式良性运作的机制设计。     

Large newsvendor games

We consider a game, called newsvendor game, where several retailers, who face a random demand, can pool their resources and build a centralized inventory that stocks a single item on their behalf. Profits have to be allocated in a way that is advantageous to all the retailers. A game in characteristic form is obtained by assigning to each coalition its optimal expected profit. We consider newsvendor games with possibly an infinite number of newsvendors. We prove in great generality results about balancedness of the game, and we show that in a game with a continuum of players, under a nonatomic condition on the demand, the core is a singleton. For a particular class of demands we show how the core shrinks to a singleton when the number of players increases.