我国中小企业出口贸易摩擦预警机制的建构研析

本文在对金融危机背景下国际贸易摩擦新动向的切实把握基础上,从中小企业应对出口贸易摩擦的理论支持及建构主体间协同的角度,深入探讨制约中小企业对外贸易摩擦预警机制建设的若干关键问题;并从强化中小企业出口贸易摩擦预警机制的建构主体间协同力,推动其应对出口贸易摩擦的理念转型,健全其出口贸易摩擦预警系统的工作机制等方面,给出适合我国中小企业的出口贸易摩擦预警机制建构路径。     

欧盟进口贸易摩擦预警机制及对中国的启示

欧盟为了保护企业和消费者的利益,逐步建立并完善了进口贸易摩擦预警机制,主要包括以下几个方面：进口监督机制、基于产品安全目的而实施的快速预警机制、基于环境保护目的而实施的市场监督机制。参考欧盟的进口贸易预警机制,文章对完善中国的进口贸易摩擦预警体系提出了政策建议。     

“四位一体”出口贸易摩擦预警机制设计

始发于美国的金融危机使得全球经济一度处于衰退之中,在目前全球经济缓慢复苏的进程中新一轮贸易保护主义尚在持续,我国外贸仍面临着严峻的考验,建立和完善出口贸易摩擦预警机制显得尤为重要。本文在借鉴经济预警理论的基础上设计了"四位一体"的出口贸易摩擦预警机制,并提出了完善出口贸易摩擦预警机制的政策建议。     

完善对华反倾销预警信息交流机制的思考

未来20年,中国将完成从贸易大国向贸易强国的转变。在这一过程中,将与不少发达国家、发展中国家发生贸易摩擦。在众多的贸易摩擦形式中,以反倾销最为突出。但中国反倾销预警信息沟通机制的现状却不容乐观。文章重点探讨了构建基于"四体联动"的反倾销预警信息交流沟通机制以及反倾销预警管理信息沟通机制中的软硬件措施。     

我国出口贸易摩擦预警机制的现状、问题与对策

我国“入世”以后,为了保证出口的稳定增长,维持正常的出口秩序,迅速建立了出口贸易摩擦预警机制并已发挥了重要的作用。然而,出口贸易摩擦出现的一些新特点,对正在完善中的预警机制提出了新的挑战。本文对我国出口贸易摩擦预警机制的现状和问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策。     

构建预警机制——纺织行业直面后配额时代

一个成熟的市场经济国家和成熟的世贸组织成员的政府，对待贸易摩擦的一个长远战略应该是建立并完善两个机制：争端解决机制和贸易摩擦预警机制。     

供给侧改革背景下解决中美贸易摩擦的新思路

近年来中美贸易摩擦呈现出新的特点,一是新的领域成为摩擦的重点,二是摩擦手段不断翻新多元;供给侧改革背景下应对中美贸易摩擦,可以尝试实施制度创新,优化外贸环境、建立预警机制,防止贸易摩擦和提高产品质量,拓展出口市场等办法。     

构建国际贸易摩擦的应对机制

近年我国与WTO主要成员国之间频繁发生贸易摩擦,且摩擦与冲突的形式变幻不定、规模逐渐升级,国内受其影响的行业和产品越来越多,使我国对外经贸活动受到了一定程度的负面影响。面对日益增多的贸易摩擦, 惟有健全应对贸易摩擦的快速反应机制,加快与贸易摩擦相关的产业损害预警机制的建设,构建以企业和行业协会为主体的应对贸易摩擦的新机制,积极降低摩擦系数, 才能促进我国进出口贸易的持续健康发展。     

新形势下我国对外贸易摩擦的原因及对策

贸易摩擦是我国目前对外贸易中的重要问题。本文首先分析了我国频发对外贸易摩擦的主要原因,在此基础上,文章提出了我国频发对外贸易摩擦的解决对策,包括:充分重视国际规则和标准,有效运用世贸组织争端解决机制;提高企业核心竞争力,为提高产品竞争力奠定良好基础;扩发出口产品种类,不断丰富贸易伙伴结构与贸易范围;建立对反倾销的监控机制及纠正机制,对贸易摩擦风险出现及时预警。     

论近期中美贸易摩擦的法律对策

面对美国近期对中国挑起的贸易摩擦,本文从法律角度提出中国应对措施,这些措施包括积极启动 WTO 争端解决机制;辩证评价入世议定书中的第15和16条;根据入世后形势发展进一步完善国内相应法律机制如建立贸易摩擦预警机制、检讨和改进原产地规则等。     

内部控制披露:争论与思考——兼对SOX内部控制强制性披露的反思

SOX法案的颁布引发了各国监管机构对内部控制及披露制度的强烈关注,其中很多争议性问题一直延续至今,严重阻碍了内部控制披露规范的统一性。在财务报告监管系统中,不同的控制机制之间存在替代或补充作用,只有充分发挥各种机制间的协同性,才能更好地防范公司造假,保障财务报告的可靠性,并能分散系统中的制度风险。SOX404条款对内部控制披露制度的部分设计破坏了这种协同性,违背了制度设计的初衷,也导致了实务的混乱。未来内部控制披露制度的完善必须考虑财务报告系统内机制设计的协同性。     

The metrics of knowledge: Mechanisms for preserving the value of managerial knowledge

In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the scholarly study, and actual implementation in work organizations, of knowledge systems. While much of this effort has been directed toward making these systems more efficient, a gap has developed between the need to preserve and safeguard managerial knowledge, and the continued hemorrhaging of the same from the pool of organizational knowledge. This article describes that gap and suggests a set of mechanisms (socialization, tutoring, mentoring, and continuous reporting) which may be used to reduce the loss of critical knowledge. Because knowledge is fundamentally a cognitive phenomenon, these mechanisms emphasize the sharing of knowledge by experienced, with less experienced, managers. This article also recommends that these largely informal mechanisms be absorbed by the organization to become an integral component of the formal modes of knowledge management, in particular the institutional knowledge system.     

环境监测体制创新思考

为符合科学发展观的要求,改变目前我国环境监测体制分散的状况,建立高效统一的环境监测体制机制,提高政府对环境监管的能力和服务水平,促进经济社会又好又快发展具有重要意义。     

现代生产性服务业嵌入制造业机制研究

我国制造业与现代生产性服务业之间的发展出现了明显的失衡,这严重制约了我国产业结构的升级优化,为此需要构建和完善基于跨国公司的全球竞争机制,基于产业集群的共生机制,以及基于行业协会的协调机制等嵌入机制,来实现我国现代生产性服务业有效嵌入制造业体系,以促进它们之间持续的协调发展。但是,这些机制作用的充分发挥离不开政府的有效支持。     

完善国有企业经营管理者激励与约束机制的几点设想

国企经营者的激励与约束机制是否高效直接关系到经营者＂领军＂作用的有效发挥和国企又好又快发展大局。指出从改进经营管理者才能评价与绩效考核指标体系,构建绩效评价与待遇相结合的运行机制,借鉴民企经验和营造经营管理者激励与约束对称的社会氛围等方面,进一步完善国有企业经营管理者的激励与约束机制。     

改进企业物流成本管理的策略

在世界经济一体化的今天,企业物流已向网络化、专业化和标准化发展,物流成本管理已成为企业获取竞争关键因素。本文分析我国企业物流成本管理现状及存在问题,提出了创新物流成本管理机制、构建物流成本管理制度、多方联动降低物流成本等改进我国企业物流成本管理的策略。     

EFTPOS: The Perils of a Cost-Driven Venture

The ‘EFTPOS explosion’ in New Zealand is shown to be something of a ‘damp squib’. While awareness is very high, usage is around 30 per cent. The future usage rates were likely to increase to no more than 50 per cent, which meant a usage rate of 50 transactions per person per annum. Fear and ethical considerations stopped many people from using the system. The continuous introduction of new delivery mechanisms, combined with a hard-sell approach, has met great customer resistance: a resistance intensified by the banks' failure to ensure customer satisfaction with conventional delivery mechanisms.     

The Technological Innovation Journey of Hisense Group

This case illustrates key innovations that took place in Hisense Group, one of the leading companies in the electronic appliances industry in China, from 1990s to 2010. Several factors contributed to its leading position, including strategic positioning, consistent technological innovation over decades, and an efficient administrative system. Since 1992, Hisense has paid close attention to technological innovation. It makes it clear that R&D plays a dominant role in competition. Hisense has continuously invested heavily in R&D and restructured its R&D administrative system, including the organizational framework, incentive mechanisms, project management and teamwork. Hisense’s strategy has resulted in major technological innovations. Hiview chip is a technological breakthrough, which helps the company gain competitive advantages.     

企业社会责任的制度理性及行为逻辑:合法性视角

对企业社会责任的研究,学界一直是分歧多于应有的共识,主要原因是基于效率视角的经济理性分析主导着话语权,却过于注重技术环境和效率机制,而忽视了基于合法性视角的制度理性分析,忽视了制度环境和合法性机制。为揭示企业社会责任的行为逻辑,文章首先反思经济理性,并从新视角——合法性视角突出制度理性,指出制度理性是企业社会责任行为逻辑的起点。接着,按"制度环境—制度压力—企业行为"逻辑,着重分析了制度环境和制度压力对企业社会责任行为的作用机制,构建了合法性机制模型,其核心观点是制度环境对企业产生制度压力,通过规制机制、规范机制和模仿机制导致企业行为。最后,得出结论及其启示。     

Procurement auctions and negotiations: An empirical comparison

Real-world procurement transactions often involve multiple attributes and multiple vendors. Successful procurement involves vendor selection through appropriate market mechanisms. The advancement of information technologies has enabled different mechanisms to be applied to similar procurement situations. However, advantages and disadvantages of using such mechanisms remain unclear. The presented research compares two types of mechanisms: multi-attribute reverse auctions and multi-attribute multi-bilateral negotiations in e-procurement. Both laboratory and online experiments were carried out to examine their effects on the process, outcomes, and suppliers’ assessment. The results show that in procurement, reverse auctions were more efficient than negotiations in terms of the process. Auctions also led to greater gains for the buyers than negotiations, but the suppliers’ profit was lower in auctions. The buyer and the winning supplier jointly reached more efficient and balanced contracts in negotiations than in auctions. The results also show that the suppliers’ assessment was affected by their outcomes: the winning suppliers had a more positive assessment toward the process, outcomes, and the system. The findings are consistent in both the laboratory and the online settings. Finally, the implications of this study for practitioners and researchers are discussed.