基于核心竞争力的物流企业创新研究

创新是形成物流企业核心竞争力的重要手段。面对激烈的市场竞争,物流企业只有通过持续不断的创新,培育出企业的核心竞争力,才能生存和发展。针对物流企业目前存在的管理理念落后、物流服务项目少、信息技术水平不高、组织机构不适应等问题,本文探讨了物流企业如何通过理念和制度创新、服务创新、技术创新、组织创新等形成企业的核心竞争力。物流企业应树立合作共赢理念,与客户合作、与其他物流企业合作;创新服务内容,为客户设计、开发个性化服务项目,注重服务质量,增加知识性服务;重视信息技术在物流领域的应用创新,重视物流装备技术创新;建立鼓励并奖励创新的组织形式和制度体系等。物流企业要获得创新成功必须将创新纳入物流企业的文化中,并选择最适合自己的创新方式。     

基于知识管理的企业突破性技术创新能力机制研究

企业的"创新尴尬"是困扰企业发展的现实问题,加强企业知识管理,实现企业突破性技术创新,对避免技术创新带来的困境具有重要意义。企业突破性技术创新能力是知识积累、知识转化和知识创新相结合的产物。从知识管理的角度探讨了企业突破性技术创新知识积累机制、知识转化机制以及创新能力培育机制,以期进一步提升企业突破性技术创新能力。     

代建单位项目管理核心能力测量

基于企业核心能力理论,提出了项目管理核心能力的概念。从策划能力、控制能力、组织创新能力和沟通协调能力4个维度构建代建单位项目管理核心能力的24个构成要素,并据此开发了代建单位项目管理核心能力的初始测量量表。利用基于初始测量量表所得的问卷调研数据,检验了初始测量量表的信度和效度,经过删减题项后,得到代建单位项目管理能力的最终测量量表,并验证了该测量量表的可靠性和有效性。     

Trans-organizational innovation: a framework for research

Information and communication technologies, the evolution of a pattern of innovation based on technology fusion and the transition towards a knowledge-based economy are dominant trends. These trends support trans-organitational innovation, which typically involves the design of complex and technologically hybrid products. Trans-organizational innovation involves generating new knowledge out of knowledge inputs which are distributed across disciplines and organizations which may be geographically dispersed. This is critically dependent on management processes associated with learning. Learning is a contextually situated and interaction-intensive process, which during product innovation involves mutual interaction between characteristics of product and those of context. Such interactions continually evolve the designed form and functionalig of a product. Existing research has tended to neglect the complexities involved in trans-organitational innovation. A product-in-context framework for analyzing the trans-organitational innovation process is detailed in this paper. This framework can be used to examine the relationship between critical features at Product and context which mediate learning during trans-organizational product design and innovation and account for product design variation.     

中小企业技术创新人才管理风险及规避

创新型人才是影响中小企业技术创新与发展的最关键因素之一,许多中小企业对技术创新人才管理风险意识淡薄,缺乏规避人才管理风险的经验。本文从社会层面、企业层面和个人层面三个角度对导致中小企业技术创新人才管理风险的原因进行分析,最后提出应加大政府政策支持、努力实现柔性管理和刚性管理的匹配、实行全面薪酬管理、建立创新型企业文化及人才流失防范系统等建议以规避中小企业技术创新人才管理风险。     

管理创新增强中国企业核心竞争力

企业核心竞争力是企业长期生存与发展的基础,而管理创新符合核心竞争力的内在要求,管理创新给企业带来竞争力的同时也增强了企业的核心竞争力。充分发挥管理创新可以增强企业核心竞争力,同时,核心竞争力也可以表现在企业具有超强的管理创新能力方面。管理创新可以始终保证企业以先人一步的速度抢占市场机会,在以前领先的基础上通过管理创新可以达到步步领先的局面。     

Mapping the intellectual structure of modern technology management

The paper explores and maps the intellectual structure of technology management studies from 1987 to 2006 by analysing 22,336 cited references of 1328 articles in the SSCI and SCI databases. Bibliometrics and social network analysis techniques are used to research the intellectual structure of the technology management literature. Six threads emerged in this study: (1) core competence and competitive advantage, (2) information system planning and changes, (3) the management of innovation and organisations, (4) technology management approaches, (5) technology strategy and (6) organisational learning and knowledge management. This study provides a systematic and objective means of determining the knowledge nodes in the development of technology management research.     

珠三角产业集群发展中技术创新与扩散

特色产业集群蕴含着一个经济区域的核心竞争力.珠三角各主要城市的核心竞争力,来自于根植性极强的专业镇和产业集群.不断地进行技术创新是提升区域核心竞争力的有效途径,但技术的公地悲剧难题使产业集群的创新动力弱化.为此,有必要加强政府主导下的技术创新与扩散.     

Building Innovation Networks: Issues of Strategy and Expertise

This article investigates the role of networks in new product development by reporting on a contemporary case study of a firm in the defence electronics sector. A specific focus is the development and ongoing management of a network that comprises a number of formal inter-firm strategic alliances. The paper begins by reviewing earlier literature on technology strategies for innovation that has identified a key role for inter-firm networking in the organization and management of new product development. We then consider the related issue of the relevant management expertise, which enables firms to adopt a network approach to their strategy for innovation by developing a competence in the process of network building. In this particular case study the critical issue centred upon the extent of the internal resources in terms of time and personal effort that was devoted to building trust and actively managing various inter-firm relationships over time. The article concludes that while inter-firm networking can facilitate new product development across firm boundaries, it is not a panacea for success. Whilst financially successful in terms of product and market development, the networking strategy has also set up problems within the particular case study firm in terms of resourcing and managing the very growth that has been generated.     

Building Innovation Networks: Issues of Strategy and Expertise

This article investigates the role of networks in new product development by reporting on a contemporary case study of a firm in the defence electronics sector. A specific focus is the development and ongoing management of a network that comprises a number of formal inter-firm strategic alliances. The paper begins by reviewing earlier literature on technology strategies for innovation that has identified a key role for inter-firm networking in the organization and management of new product development. We then consider the related issue of the relevant management expertise, which enables firms to adopt a network approach to their strategy for innovation by developing a competence in the process of network building. In this particular case study the critical issue centred upon the extent of the internal resources in terms of time and personal effort that was devoted to building trust and actively managing various inter-firm relationships over time. The article concludes that while inter-firm networking can facilitate new product development across firm boundaries, it is not a panacea for success. Whilst financially successful in terms of product and market development, the networking strategy has also set up problems within the particular case study firm in terms of resourcing and managing the very growth that has been generated.     

Dynamics of CSFs for business innovation: Normal vs. Crisis economic conditions

This research reviews the literature on business innovation, identifies CSFs for business innovation, empirically tests the validity of CSFs as well as examines the impact of CSFs on the success of business innovation, and investigates whether CSFs for business innovation are identical or different in normal and crisis economic conditions. Thorough extensive literature review, eleven CSFs were identified: motivation and rewards, TF team manpower, strategy, methodology, goals and measurement, organizational structure, change management, role of information technology, implementation, leadership, and communication. The respondents rated leadership as the most important CSF, followed by motivation & rewards, change management, TF team manpower, role of information technology, and strategy. In crisis economic conditions, the respondents evaluated leadership as the most important CSF, followed by motivation and rewards, TF team manpower, change management, strategy, and role of information technology. It may be that management approaches business innovation more strategically and methodologically to successfully complete business innovation projects since there are scarce resources and increasing pressure for success in crisis economic conditions. Regression analyses show that CSFs in total have very significant explanatory power in the success of business innovation and reveal that leadership and TF team manpower have the strongest explanatory power.     

网络效应市场的技术创新障碍及策略分析

在网络效应市场,技术创新对企业竞争力有着重要的影响。然而由于网络效应的作用,需求曲线发生改变,使市场均衡表现出"赢者通吃"的特征。这意味着,如果一项新技术的用户规模达不到临界容量,正反馈效应的存在将会使该技术被市场所抛弃。静态博弈和动态博弈的分析结果都表明,用户为了避免网络规模减小带来的效用损失,对新技术的采用往往采取观望态度,这将导致新技术难以达到最小网络规模要求的临界容量,也就无法取代旧技术的统治地位。为了加快新技术的扩散速度并成功战胜旧技术,企业在进行技术创新时应采取有效的技术创新策略:一是要采取合适的技术兼容策略;二是要鼓励和授权其他厂商使用自己的技术标准;三是要吸引辅助配套厂商共同进行技术研发。     

Integrating technology roadmapping and portfolio management at the front-end of new product development

Many authors point out that the front-end of new product development (NPD) is a critical success factor in the NPD process and that numerous companies face difficulties in carrying it out appropriately. Therefore, it is important to develop new theories and proposals that support the effective implementation of this earliest phase of NPD. This paper presents a new method to support the development of front-end activities based on integrating technology roadmapping (TRM) and project portfolio management (PPM). This new method, called the ITP Method, was implemented at a small Brazilian high-tech company in the nanotechnology industry to explore the integration proposal. The case study demonstrated that the ITP Method provides a systematic procedure for the fuzzy front-end and integrates innovation perspectives into a single roadmap, which allows for a better alignment of business efforts and communication of product innovation goals. Furthermore, the results indicated that the method may also improve quality, functional integration and strategy alignment.     

加快企业信息化建设提高市场竞争力

当前，企业信息化建设面临的严峻形势，高度重视企业信息化建设是带动各项工作创新和升级的突破口，是增强市场竞争力的客观需要，是实现制度创新、管理创新和技术创新的重要内容和途径。构建集成化信息管理系统，实施信息化建设与企业体制改革、管理创新协调推进的一体化战略，对增强企业市场竞争力，具有重要意义。本文综述企业信息化建设的基本内容和要求，针对企业信息化建设存在的问题，提出相应对策和建议。     

市场、技术及管理三维创新协同过程及模型研究

技术、管理及市场三维创新协同,可以充分发挥单维创新所无法实现的"1+1>2"的协同效应。三维创新协同不仅强调技术、管理及市场部门之间的知识及信息的互动与协调,而且更强调这些部门间的价值互动和创造。提出了市场、技术及管理三维创新概念,阐释了三维创新协同的内涵,分析探讨了三维创新协同过程及模型。     

在位企业非连续性技术变革的技术代际桥研究

非连续性技术变革给在位企业带来巨大挑战，要求在位企业克服新技术研发困难和自身潜在惰性进行积极响应，在与新进入企业市场竞争中获取持续竞争优势，化解熊彼特提出的破坏性创新威胁。整合社会网络理论、知识管理理论及创新管理理论，以65家汽车综合型整车在位制造企业为样本，通过搭建发明家桥、合作研发桥、混合技术桥等3个维度的技术代际桥，探讨在位企业如何在维持两代技术阶段性平衡的前提下提高新技术创新绩效。结果发现：发明家桥与企业新技术创新绩效呈倒U型关系；合作研发桥和混合技术桥对企业新技术创新绩效具有显著促进作用；旧技术创新绩效负向调节发明家桥与新技术创新绩效的倒U型关系。研究旨在为在位企业应对非连续性技术变革，提高新技术创新绩效提供相应的对策建议。     

沟通管理在科研团队知识创新过程中的反馈机制研究

知识创新是一个复杂的过程,如何设计合理科学的管理机制来优化创新过程,从而提高团队创新绩效,已成为众多学者关注的焦点。很多学者提出沟通管理对知识创新过程及其绩效有较大的影响,但是沟通管理如何优化知识创新过程进而影响其创新绩效,在此之后创新绩效会发生怎样的变化,是值得我们思考的问题。以系统动力学理论为基础,考察了沟通管理在科研团队知识创新过程中正、负反馈的动态特性;对沟通管理在科研团队知识创新绩效中的反馈机制进行了数学描述,并解释了知识创新绩效形成S型曲线的原因;最终提出了科研团队知识创新过程中沟通管理的具体实施策略。     

网络嵌入、知识管理与核心企业自主创新

以2009-2015年华为集团公司在美国专利商标局经授权的无线通信网络技术专利及其引证和被引证专利,构建了核心企业自主创新网络。运用社会网络分析软件UCINET6.0,分析了网络嵌入与核心企业自主创新的关系以及知识管理在其中所起的中介作用。实证结果表明,网络位置对核心企业自主创新能力具有正向影响,网络关系对核心企业自主创新能力具有负向影响,知识管理在核心企业自主创新网络中具有正向调节作用。     

中国建设创新型建筑业的战略分析

创新型建筑业的经济增长主要是由创新引起的.建设创新型建筑业是中国建筑业节约资源、保护环境,实现集约化发展的唯一途径.为加快创新型建筑业的建设进程,优化资源配置,提高创新效率,本文定性分析了中国建筑业管理创新与其经济增长的关系,使用李子奈等学者建立的管理创新在经济增长中的贡献定量测量模型测算了中国建筑业1993-2007年间管理创新在其经济增长中的贡献为10.152％,技术创新在其经济增长中的贡献为12.357％,广义技术进步在其经济增长中的贡献为22.509％,资本和劳动力的生产弹性系数之和为0.981,轻度规模效益递减,基于此提出了中国建设创新型建筑业的战略安排:以技术创新为核心,以管理创新为先导,通过管理创新引导有序高效的技术创新,为中国建设创新型建筑业提供更准确的理论指导及参考价值.     

Coupling relationships and synergistic mechanisms between technology management capability and technological capability in product innovation: a simulation study

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on the dynamic co-evolution of technology management capability and technological capability in the system of product innovation. It is motivated by the increasing attention that product innovation has received recently, as it is considered one of the most important factors that can bring about competitive advantages for firms to compete with their rivals in the current competitive business environment. Framing the system of product innovation as a complex adaptive system and focusing on the roles of technology management capability and technological capability in the system, the most suitable synergistic mechanisms between technology management capability and technological capability that can make the system reach the highest fitness under their diverse coupling relationships are identified by means of NK fitness landscape model. The simulation results show that there are matches between the coupling relationships among the elements of technology management capability and technological capability and their synergistic mechanisms in the system of product innovation. This paper provides a better understanding of the relationships between technology management capability and technological capability and managerial implications for firms to innovate products successfully and promptly and thus improve their competitive advantages.