调整零售业态结构的研究

形式多样、布局合理的现代流通体系,是社会经济发展的客观要求及必然结果。零售业态的发展及变革是社会经济竞争的产物,它存在着一定的内在规律性。通过研究我国零售业态现状、存在的问题,调整我国零售业态结构,从而促进我国流通产业结构的调整、改造和升级。     

零售业流通技术革新的社会有效性实例分析

自20世纪90年代开始,新的零售业态逐渐进入我国市场,形成各种业态竞争的格局同时,随着国际连锁零售业巨头大举进入我国,一方面促进了我国连锁零售业的迅速发展,另一方面也加速了我国零售业的激烈竞争.分析零售业态变革的客观依据和发展趋势,及时调整经营方针成为我国零售业面临的一个重要课题.本文从零售业流通技术革新的社会有效性视点来分析日本7-11便利店成功的原因,并探讨了我国零售业的改革方向及发展对策.     

调整零售业态结构的研究

形式多样、布局合理的现代流通体系，是社会经济发展的客观要求及必然结果。零售业态的发展及变革是社会竞争的产物，它存在着一定的内在规律性。通过研究我国零售业态现状、存在的问题，调整我国零售业态结构，从而促进我国流通产业结构的调整、改造和升级。     

零售业态变迁经典理论综述

西方国家的零售业态经历了五次业态变革，业态发展已经非常成熟，许多学者对零售业态的变迁作出了解释。了解西方经典的零售业态变迁理论，有助于研究我国零售业态的发展，为我国零售业态的变迁提供理论依据，使得我国的零售业态发展更为合理。     

我国零售连锁经营业态发展问题及其对策

从广义角度分析,零售连锁经营业态包括商品零售连锁经营业态、服务零售连锁经营业态和餐饮零售连锁经营业态.我国零售连锁经营业态整体发展周期逐渐缩短,总体发展不成熟,三种零售连锁经营业态发展水平差异较大,地区零售连锁经营业态发展不平衡,应促进我国零售连锁经营业态稳定、平衡发展.     

我国零售业态结构发展研究

当前,我国零售业尚没有形成合理的业态结构,如何从零售业态结构发展变化的规律入手分析我国零售业态结构存在的问题并找出优化和调整零售业态结构的对策,已成为我国流通产业发展中至关重要的问题。     

我国流通领域法律体系研究

本文认为,完善的法律制度体系是流通市场健康运行的核心,是流通现代化建设顺利进行的保证。我国流通法律制度体系应由流通业态法律制度、流通行为法律制度、物流法律制度、流通监管法律制度和信用法律制度等五个方面构成。而流通业态法律制度属于我国市场主体法范畴,是我国流通法律制度体系中首要的法律制度。为完善新型流通业态的法律规范,保证流通业态健康发展,应制定流通业态发展建设纲要和规划;完善流通业态准入和退出法律制度;制定保护中小流通企业的法律制度;完善外资企业或外国企业投资立法,尤其是世界大型跨国零售业态的法律规定。     

我国零售业态发展趋势初探

零售业是一国经济发展的橱窗，零售业态的发展程度直接体现着该国零售业的发展水平。我国的零售业态经历了曲折的发展过程．改革开放后．我国几乎同时引进了国外近一个世纪发展出来的大部分业态。一时间出现了业态“诸侯纷争”的激烈竞争局面，使人不得不产生对我国未来零售业态发展趋势的思考。本文通过对我国零售业态的发展历史的分析．我们得出：我国零售业态未来将出现百货店、大型综合超市、大型购物中心、便利店、折扣店五分天下的局面。当然，任何事物都是内外因共同作用的结果。我国零售业态的未来发展状况。除了受到我国自身条件的作用外。零售业的对外开放、外资零售业的大举进入，也将对我国零售业态的发展产生重要影响。因此也应是我们的考虑因素之一。     

国内PC零售经营模式比拼

<正> 从电子一条街、电脑城、专卖店到连锁店,我国的电脑零售市场已进入春秋时代,不同业态的“业态竞争”与同一业态的“直接竞争”交相混战。如果说电子一条街的单体电脑商店是我国电脑零售市场最早的经营模式,那么电脑城的发展可以说是电脑零售业态形成的标志,而专卖店和连锁店的发展则将我国电脑零售业态的分化和演进推向了新的时期。由于不同的业态有着其自身的特点,身在电脑零售市场的角逐者,正在日益关注电脑零售业态和经营模式在零售市场中的竞争优势和对实现企业经营目标的影响。     

我国零售业经营方式多元化的现状和对策

本文认为,随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,我国商业零售业格局发生了巨大变革,各种新型零售业态相继出现,形成了多种业态并存的格局。但在实现多元化发展的同时,仍然存在一些不容忽视的问题,如业态布局不合理,结构失调;组织化程度低,运作不规范,优势难以发挥;业态结构调整基本上是纯粹的模仿式;产业高度分散;经营方式缺乏竞争力等。文章指出,要促进我国零售业态多元化经营健康发展,必须加快实现零售业从单一业态向多业态发展;实现零售业态结构合理化;调整零售业地区布局,积极引导农村零售业发展;加强零售业态混合经营管理,将零售业态结构调整引向深入。     

美国零售业态发展浅析

零售业态在美国得到了空前的发展,且已相当成熟,对美国业态的发展研究将会使我们从中受到启示:政府根据具体经济环境鼓励发展无店铺、杂货店、保健品店等多种业态,而且,在业态结构的管理上要进行优化,使之均衡发展,此外政府应该建立信息平台和预警体系,为零售业态健康发展提供保障。     

The effects of acquisition and transaction shopping value perceptions on retail format usage intentions: an illustration from discount stores

Although it becomes increasingly important for food retailers to understand what motivates consumers to use one retail format rather than another, research on retail format choice is sparse compared to store choice. This study examines the extent to which perceived acquisition value of shopping at a retail format and perceived transaction value of shopping at one particular retail format outlet in a specific situation have an impact on retail format usage intentions. In addition, we study the influence of different situation-specific factors on perceived transaction value of shopping at one particular retail format outlet. Taking discount stores as an example, the developed conceptual model is empirically tested using a structural equation approach. The results show that perceived acquisition value of shopping at the retail format plays a dominant role in explaining retail format usage intentions, while perceived transaction value of shopping at one particular retail format outlet, which depends on certain situation-specific factors, is of lesser importance.     

Moderating effect of customer's retail format perception on customer satisfaction formation: An empirical study of mini-supermarkets in an urban retail market setting

Customer perceptions of retail formats have become ambiguous with new value-added features of traditional retail formats. Hence, this paper proposes a framework for explaining retail patronage formation under the condition that customers perceive the ambiguity of retail format boundaries. The moderating effect of customers' retail format perceptions on customer satisfaction is examined using data from Japanese mini-supermarket customers. Results indicate that customers' perceptions of retail formats partially influence customer satisfaction. Theoretically, this implies that considering retail format as a concept that customers construct a posteriori may be necessary and practically indicates that retail practitioners should manage customers’ retail format perception.     

零售营销策略组合及零售业态多样化

现代零售业的一个种重要特征就是业态的多样化,各种新业态层出不穷.而不同业态的主要区别,在于其营销策略的组合方式.本文在总结前人关于零售业态演变理论的基础上,提出消费者偏好理论,指出消费者对零售服务需求的差异性,决定了零售经营形态的多样性,而消费者需求偏好的改变,导致了零售经营形式的改变,推动了零售业态的演化和发展.     

Large format retailers: a French tradition despite reactions

French retailers have initiated large format stores: department stores in the middle of the 19th century and their variety stores; hypermarkets more than a century later. These large format retail stores induced reactions from the French government on several occasions. These reactions consisted in controlling new locations through specific committees. The impact of these reactions did not greatly affect the evolution of large format retail stores like hypermarkets. Regulations hurt variety stores more strongly when they were in competition with hypermarkets, because they were already declining. Otherwise, the hypermarket retail life cycle has not been affected despite some delays. Recent problems could mean the end of development and possibly of maturity stages for these large format retail stores.     

The small,inventory free retail format: The impact on consumer-based brand equity and purchase behavior

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of brand experience, as conceptualized by Brakus, Schmidt, and Zarantonello’s (2009), in fostering Consumer Based Brand Equity (CBBE) elements associated with the new store format and their impact on consequent purchase intention through multiple retail channels. A survey sent to a national sample of female consumers regarding Nordstrom Local, a small, inventory-free retail store in the U.S., resulted in 406 usable responses. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized relationships among variables where nine of the ten proposed hypotheses were supported. The findings of this study support that the brand experience of a small, inventory-free retail format can be effective in fostering CBBE, which has a positive impact on purchase intention. Furthermore, patronizing a small, inventory-free retail format appears to influence purchase intention consummated through the retailer’s other channels. This appears to be the first empirical study to explore the impact of the small, inventory-free retail format on consumer responses. The findings may aid industry professionals in identifying successful strategies that appeal to changing preferences of today’s consumer.     

Format development and retail change: supermarket retailing and the London Co-operative Society

This article argues that students of retail history need to give more attention to the idea of the retail format. Employing a conceptualisation of the format recently presented in contemporary retail studies, it reveals the importance of so-called ‘offering’ and ‘know-how’ components to a fuller understanding of the development of the supermarket format in post-war Britain. Supermarket development is shown to be affected by, and itself impact on, a complex interplay of factors. Arguments presented in the article are supported by a detailed examination of supermarket development at the London Co-operative Society between 1960 and 1965. The paper thus also contributes to our knowledge of the history of co-operative retailing in the post-war period.     

Re-imagining retailers’ co-operatives

This article gives clarity to the area of retailers’ co-operatives. It provides a discussion on the different types of co-operatives and their identifying characteristics. This is to clear up common misunderstandings and misapplication of the word retail co-operative in the literature and popular culture and allow for further research in the area of retailers’ co-operatives. This article also provides a discussion of the drivers and developmental path for retail co-operation as a strategy for independent retailers. Three types of retail co-operation are discussed in this way namely buying groups, retailers’ co-operatives and retailers’ co-operative retail chains. The differences between a retailers’ co-operative retail chain and a corporate retail chain are then elucidated. Finally, managerial implications are provided surrounding retail strategy. This research is important as it provides greater understanding of a very successful retail format that has not been studied in depth, a format that allows for sustainable retail development and growth. This article enables further study in the area along with clarity on terms and dimensions.     

Large format retailing in the US: a consumer experience perspective

Proponents of relationship marketing seek to develop and maintain long-term ties to their customers in the hope of having a loyal customer base. In this paper we examined large format retailing from the perspective of consumers’ experiences in these stores. Focus group interviews were conducted in two major US metropolitan areas and one medium size market. After analyzing the focus group content, several themes emerged related to patronage of large format retailers. These included the accuracy of prices when products were scanned and loyalty to store personnel based on familiarity. Large format supercenters were especially chided for their bigness and potential negative impact on smaller retailers. Attending to the details of the food retail business (accurate pricing, product availability, continuity of personnel) are ways in which consumers’ experiences in retail stores might be improved. Numerous choices and a diverse array of retail formats are available to consumers in the US market. Managerial implications are discussed in the light of a changing retail landscape.     

U.S. male generational cohorts: Retail format preferences,desired retail attributes,satisfaction and loyalty

Reports in the academic and popular press acknowledge the growing importance of male shoppers from a retail perspective (Albright, 2010) yet to date most studies have only compared men to women or when examining fashion products (Shim and Kotsiopulos, 1991). No research has been done to segment males in order to provide retailers with a better understanding of male shopping behavior (Bakewell and Mitchell, 2003, Meredith et al., 2007). This exploratory study surveyed 560 U.S. males examining retail format preferences, desired retail attributes, satisfaction and loyalty using Generational Cohort Theory (GCT). Results suggest significant differences between male generational cohorts in terms of retail format preferences with males from the Silent Generation preferring the category killer format more than males in the Millennial Generation and both 13th Generation and Millennial Generation males preferring internet-only retailers than did Silent Generation Males. Silent Generation males were also found to be more satisfied with retailers in their area, when compared to the younger Baby Boomer and 13th Generation males. No significant differences were found in desired retail attributes or store loyalty. Additional research investigating U.S. and non-U.S. males using GCT is suggested.