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糙米流通系统工程的关键技术探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
稻谷是我国最大宗的粮食作物 ,2 /3以上的人口以大米为主要食物。有史以来 ,我国稻谷从产区进入城镇的流通模式是稻谷 ,日本则以糙米为主要形式流通。采用糙米流通 ,可以因脱去占稻谷重量约 2 0 % (体积占 3 0 % )的稻壳节省仓储、运输等设施的投资和费用 ,减轻销区城市的环境污染并利于稻壳的集中利用。据估算 ,如实施这一流通方式 ,每年可减少运输或仓容费用数十亿元。因此 ,在我国改革现有稻谷流通为糙米流通具有重大的社会、经济和环保意义 ,是我国今后一段时间必将实施的重大工程项目 ,本文就我国糙米流通工程关键技术进行探讨。1 流… 相似文献
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利用浅圆仓储存特性,底部存放16.0%高水分稻谷,上部4米存放标准水分稻谷,保证入仓粮水分逐渐减小,高水分稻谷入仓完毕扒平粮面再入安全水分稻谷,最后粮面进行双层稻壳保温包进行压盖处理,试验仓安全过夏,未出现任何不正常储粮现象.同时,未进行压盖处理的高水分稻谷对照仓也安全过夏. 相似文献
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做爆米花生意的全部投资只有2000元。一套制作爆米花的设备(包括加热装置、加热锅)约1000元,摊位费用每月(面积5平方米)500元.其余杂费支出约需500元。 相似文献
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稻草经硝酸等处理液降解后,其纤维素含量和木质素含量均明显降低,处理液的作用效果依次为硝酸>乙酸>盐酸>氨水>草酸,其中以硝酸和乙酸的降解效果最为明显,与对照相比纤维素含量分别降低了65.96%和42.13%,木质素分别降低了82.20%和58.32%,腐植酸含量分别增加19.29%和17.23%,黄腐酸含量分别增加32.91%和22.89%;将提取的腐植酸用于水稻种子水培试验,与对照相比,苗长分别增加42.60%和32.66%,根长分别增加49.73%和34.0%,苗干重分别增加14.41%和16.14%,根干重分别增加41.32%和67.66%。 相似文献
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Effects of intercropping rice and water spinach on net yields and pest control: an experiment in southern China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Strategies encouraging the use of fewer agrochemicals while maintaining high yield are highly demanded for smallholder rice farmers. Intercropping helps to suppress pests and disease in upland farming systems. However, information on the role of intercropping in pest suppression and crop productivity in irrigated rice farming systems is sparse. To explore the possibility of establishing diversified agriculture management strategy that requires lower agrochemical inputs, a field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rice and water spinach intercropping on the occurrence of pests, disease, and land-use efficiency. Results demonstrated that the occurrence of rice blast disease, sheath blight disease, and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis was substantially lower than pure stands. Compared with rice monoculture, the tiller number, net photosynthetic rate, and leaf chlorophyll content were significantly increased in rice at the edge rows adjacent to water spinach in intercropping. Intercropping increased the per unit area yield of rice without significant reduction in that of water spinach. Land equivalent ratio (LER) was 1.13, showing that intercropping was 13% more productive than rice monocropping. Net income for intercropping was 5.04 times higher than for rice monocropping. These findings suggest that rice and water spinach intercropping is a viable alternative for sustainable rice production with a small farming scale in southern China. 相似文献
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为了探讨大米蛋白对生长期幼鼠血脂水平及脂质代谢相关因子的调控作用,分别给雄性Wistar 7周龄幼鼠饲喂添加1%胆固醇及0.25%胆酸钠的大米蛋白及酪蛋白(粗蛋白含量为20%),自由摄食3周后,测定实验鼠血浆总胆固醇、血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血浆三酰甘油水平及肝脏3-羟基-3甲基-戊二酰CoA还原酶(HMG-CoA R)、乙酰辅酶A乙酰基转移酶2(ACAT2)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(SREBP-1)的基因表达水平。对照酪蛋白,大米蛋白显著降低幼鼠血浆总胆固醇、血浆非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血浆三酰甘油水平,并且显著降低了肝脏HMG-CoA R、ACAT2、SREBP-1的基因表达水平。实验结果表明,大米蛋白具有降低幼鼠血脂水平的功效,其主要作用机制之一是抑制其脂质合成与吸收。 相似文献
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目的:分析超市含糖饮料的含糖量及种类情况。方法:在人流量大的综合超市,按照随机原则,购买74种含糖饮料,并采用离子交换色谱-脉冲安培积分方法检测各类糖分的含量。结果:各类饮料在葡萄糖、乳糖、果糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖以及总含糖量方面比较均具有统计学差异(P<0.05),总糖含量最高的为咖啡,其次为奶茶,总糖含量最少的为茶饮料。结论:各类含糖饮料在含糖种类和含量方面有所不同,咖啡与奶茶的总含糖量较高。 相似文献
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以常温储藏1年及未储藏的甬优9号、甬优12号、甬优15号、甬优1540、秀水134、嘉花1号为研究对象,对其进行新鲜度、脂肪酸值、食味品质、发芽率等储藏指标分析。结果表明,在稻谷水分为11.8%~13.4%的条件下,2017年收获的优质稻谷常温储藏1年后与2018年收获的相同品种优质稻谷比较,其新鲜度、食味品质、发芽率有不同程度下降,脂肪酸值上升。籼粳杂交稻谷比粳型稻谷更耐储藏,储藏品质下降最快的是晚粳稻谷秀水134和嘉花1号,其次为粳型杂交稻谷甬优9号和籼粳型杂交稻谷甬优12号,籼粳型杂交稻谷甬优1540和甬优15号各项储藏指标变化幅度最小,耐储性较好。 相似文献
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以红薯粉为原料优化同步糖化发酵工艺,得出红薯粉生料同步糖化发酵工艺的较佳条件是:料液比1∶3,初始pH4.0,添加淀粉酶量为30 U/g、糖化酶为220 U/mL、活性干酵母为0.1%,搅拌均匀,于30℃左右进行发酵。144 h后终止发酵,测定残总糖量为20.7%,酒度8.0%(V/V),出酒率39.6%,淀粉利用率达到69.8%。考察了红薯、木薯和薯蓣等3种薯粉之间生料发酵的差异,实验结果表明木薯粉发酵效果较好,144 h发酵终止后各指标平均值分别为残总糖量19.8%,酒度10.4%(V/V),出酒率40.6%,淀粉利用率达到71.8%,各项指标都有所提高。 相似文献
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Caitlin L. Herrington Mywish K. Maredia David L. Ortega Victor Taleon Ekin Birol Md Abdur Rouf Sarkar Md Shajedur Rahaman 《Agricultural Economics》2023,54(1):5-22
Zinc deficiency is a severe public health problem in Bangladesh. We examine the effects of nutritional information on rural consumers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for two ways to increase zinc intake through rice, the main staple crop–low-milling that gives rice grains a distinctive light brown color (a visible trait) and sets it apart from the culturally preferred high-milled white rice grain and biofortification of rice with increased zinc content (an invisible trait), which is also low-milled to retain maximum zinc content. Results of our economic experiments suggest that with nutritional information, consumers are willing to pay a premium of 4.6% for zinc biofortified rice compared to non-biofortified rice, when milled at the same level. However, results confirm the strong preference for high-milled rice by Bangladeshi consumers who discounted low-milled rice by 8%–10% even after receiving information on the nutritional benefits of biofortified or low-milled rice. We find that consumers’ WTP for the two high-zinc-low-milled rice types (biofortified and non-biofortified) is positively correlated with being a female, more educated, belonging to households engaged in non-farm activities and with children under 5 years of age. Results point to the importance of nutritional awareness campaigns for increasing zinc biofortified and low-milled rice consumption and guiding the targeting strategy for such campaigns. Given the consumer preference for high-milled rice, this study also points to the need for exploring the rice fortification strategy to address the challenge of malnutrition. 相似文献
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针对哈尔滨市辖区部分设施蔬菜土壤硝酸盐污染现状,在五常市五常镇、香坊区光明村蔬菜基地开展硝酸盐污染改良剂的应用研究,通过田间小区试验,研究4种改良剂产品对种植土壤硝酸盐、硝态氮含量,番茄产量、硝酸盐含量及品质的影响。结果表明:4种处理对土壤中硝酸盐和硝态氮含量影响均呈现明显下降趋势,较对照(CK)达显著水平,其中腐植酸+EM菌+双氰胺(HA+EM+DCD)处理效果最为显著,其次为处理EM+DCD、HA+DCD和DCD;番茄产量HA+EM+DCD处理效果最为显著,两地番茄产量为106.11kg/20m2和97.26kg/20m2,比CK增产11.2%和21.7%,达到显著性差异(P0.05);4种处理对番茄中硝酸盐含量降幅均达40%以上,处理EM+DCD、HA+EM+DCD好于处理DCD、HA+DCD,并达显著差异水平;3种处理对番茄Vc、可溶性糖含量及糖酸比均有促进作用,显著改善番茄品质,试验效果HA+EM+DCDHA+DCDEM+DCD。综合评价,改良剂的试验效果依次为HA+EM+DCDHA+DCDEM+DCDDCD。 相似文献