Enhancing nursing as a career choice with fifth-grade students

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of a career education program on children's interest in nursing as a career choice, especially related to gender in fifth-grade students. A within-subjects design compared interest in nursing as a career of 70 fifth-grade students before and after participation in a 4-week career education program about nursing. There was a 61% (N = 70, p < 0.001) increase of students expressing they would consider nursing as a career after participating in the career education program. This positive effect was discovered among both male and female students. Further results provided a pre and post-career assessment of the students' development that was congruent with findings from previous vocational studies. The results underscore the positive effect career education can have on children's career interests and substantiate the importance of exposing students to practicing nurses as a key strategy to stimulate interest in nursing to help maintain a steady recruitment of young people into the future nursing workforce.     

大学生择业期望现状及差异性分析研究--以武汉市七所部属高校为例

大学生的就业难问题是家庭、学校和社会希望解决的重点问题,而大学生不合理的择业期望正是造成此问题的一个重要原因。以武汉市七所部属高校为例,通过问卷调查,了解大学生的择业期望,再结合描述性分析和差异性分析,探讨了大学生择业期望中的一些倾向和个体特征的差异性影响。性别、学校层次、学科类别和家庭背景会对大学生的择业行为造成一定的差异性影响。提出了政策建议。     

如何提高中学生的英语学习效率（英文）

在帮助中学生提高他们的英语学习效率。首先介绍了学习效率的内容以及中学生高效学习效率的标准,包括数量和质量上的标准,然后又从不同角度分析了能够影响中学生英语学习的几点主要因素,包括生理因素、心理因素、学生的学习因素以及教师的教法因素,进而找到了能够解决这些影响因素的一些办法,例如：老师可在家长的帮助下,让学生对自己的身体健康重视起来。英语老师可以通过改善老师与学生之间的关系来引起学生对英语这门科目的兴趣与动力;可以通过在课堂上对英语的言语控制来提高中学生的英语学习效率;同时,英语老师也可以帮助学生提高他们的英语记忆能力。     

论网络环境下大学生职业生涯辅导体系构建及实施

在现代社会中,网络的发展为大学生的就业提供了更多的平台,有利于用人单位、学校、学生之间更好地交流,给大学生职业生涯辅导提供了新途径,暴露了当前职业生涯辅导存在的问题。因此,在网络环境下构建大学生职业生涯辅导体系,将有利于加强职业生涯辅导,提高职业生涯辅导的效果,发挥其在就业中的积极作用,体现职业生涯辅导在高校思想政治教育中的价值。     

Nurturing nursing's future through nurse executive partnerships

At a time when nurses are becoming an endangered species, nurse executives have a unique opportunity to respond by forging new and responsive relationships with graduate students who express interest in nursing administration and leadership as a preferred career choice. In this article, a case example demonstrates how a senior faculty member and a graduate student formed a partnership, conducted research, and nurtured an appreciation of the nurse educator role. Using this experience, senior nurse executives can too form partnerships with graduate students as a way to recruit into nursing leadership roles.     

Sorting,school performance and quality: Evidence from China

School choice reforms give talented students the option to sort out of low-performing schools but often leave disadvantaged students behind. This study shows how a Chinese city was successful in helping its low-performing schools to catch up by encouraging talented students to sort into these schools. The city identified eleven low-performing middle schools and guaranteed elite high school admission to their top ten-percent graduates. This study documents that the policy improved school performance by 0.19-0.26 standard deviations. Using data on lottery middle school assignment, I further test for potential mechanisms, including strategic sorting and improvement in school value-added.     

Stuck in the middle: Impacts of grade configuration in public schools

We examine the implications of separating students of different grade levels across schools for the purposes of educational production. Specifically, we find that moving students from elementary to middle school in 6th or 7th grade causes significant drops in academic achievement. These effects are large (about 0.15 standard deviations), present for both math and English, and persist through grade 8, the last year for which we have achievement data. The effects are similar for boys and girls, but stronger for students with low levels of initial achievement. We instrument for middle school attendance using the grade range of the school students attended in grade 3, and employ specifications that control for student fixed effects. This leaves only one potential source of bias–correlation between grade range of a student's grade 3 school and unobservable characteristics that cause decreases in achievement precisely when students are due to switch schools–which we view as highly unlikely. We find little evidence that placing public school students into middle schools during adolescence is cost-effective.     

The impact of school choice on student outcomes: an analysis of the Chicago Public Schools

We explore the impact of school choice on student outcomes in the context of open enrollment within the Chicago Public Schools (CPS). Roughly half of the students opt out of their assigned high school to attend a different CPS school, and these students are much more likely than those who remain in their assigned schools to graduate. To determine the source of this apparent benefit, we compare outcomes across (i) similar students with differential access to schooling options and (ii) travelers and non-travelers within the same school. The results suggest that, other than for students who select career academies, the observed cross-sectional benefits are likely spurious.     

知识—评价树学习法

＂知识—评价树＂学习法是基于近几十年来发展起来的安全系统工程学的重要思想,结合大、中学生的思维特点和政治学科的特点而提出的一种学习方法。实践证明,它是一种有效帮助学生学习并进行学习评价的方法,具有直观、形象、灵活、多用、科学等特点。长期使用这种方法,可以减少学生学习的盲目性和混乱性,激发学生学习的主动性,提高学生的思维素质。     

Can information and counseling help students from poor rural areas go to high school? Evidence from China

Recent studies have shown that only about two-thirds of the students from poor, rural areas in China finish junior high school and enter high school. One factor that may be behind the low rates of high school attendance is that students may be misinformed about the returns to schooling or lack career planning skills. We therefore conduct a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) using a sample of 131 junior high schools and more than 12,000 students to test the effects of providing information on returns or career planning skills on student dropout, academic achievement and plans to go to high school. Contrary to previous studies, we find that information does not have significant effects on student outcomes. Unlike information, counseling does have an effect. However, the effect is somewhat surprising. Our findings suggest that counseling increases dropouts and seems to lower academic achievement. In our analysis of the causal chain, we conclude that financial constraints and the poor quality of education in junior high schools in poor, rural areas (the venue of the study) may be contributing to the absence of positive impacts on student outcomes from information and counseling. The negative effects of counseling on dropout may also be due to the high and growing wages for unskilled labor (high opportunity costs) in China’s transitioning economy. It is possible that when our counseling curriculum informed the students about the reality of how difficult were the requirements for entering academic high school, it may have induced them to revise their benefit-cost calculations and come to the realization that they are better off dropping out and/or working less hard in school.     

Funding an accelerated baccalaureate nursing track for non-nursing college graduates: an academic/practice collaboration

To expand nursing programs to better meet workforce demands, nursing education must offer nontraditional students more educational opportunities that are flexible, streamlined, and low cost. Accelerated programs, particularly programs tailored to attract individuals with degrees in other fields and looking for career changes, are great examples. The cost factors related to a successful accelerated degree program designed for non-nursing college graduates are described. Based on the experiences with a previously implemented accelerated BSN program offered from 1987-1994 at one university, a revised accelerated option model was developed that included ongoing involvement with four community hospitals, shared budget responsibilities, student stipends, and a 3-year work commitment by graduates at a sponsoring hospital. The investment of approximately $1.6 million over 7 years resulted in the education and graduation of 75 new registered nursing professionals to meet the health care needs of the citizens of the community.     

Effects of free textbooks on academic performance: Evidence from China's compulsory education

Since little is known about the effects of free textbooks on compulsory school students in China, this paper examines the effects of free textbooks on the academic performance of Chinese middle school students. It combines propensity score matching and difference-in-difference estimation to control for both observable and unobservable factors that affect the probability of obtaining free textbooks as well as students' academic performance. Results indicate that free textbooks significantly improve the midterm scores of girls and rural students, and the effects vary across different subjects. Moreover, the impact mechanisms of free textbooks are different for different groups and different subjects.     

Quality indicators for academic nursing primary care centers

ANCs, by definition, deliver more than clinical services to patients and communities. The unique identifier that separates ANCs from other primary care/ambulatory care centers is the educational service they offer to students and other faculty in the school of nursing to which they belong. Therefore, measuring the quality of an ANC must include a measurement of the educational properties that it possesses in addition to the usual quality measurements by such organizations as AAAHC, JCAHO, CHAP, and AAACN. Unless these properties are included and measured by an ANC, it becomes difficult to justify the existence of such a clinic within a school of nursing. ANCs are encouraged to develop quality evaluation programs aimed at evaluating the educational aspects as well as the administrative and clinical aspects of their operations.     

多媒体在高中中国地理教学中的应用

通过分析中学中国地理教学的地位以及重要性,来介绍多媒体在教学中的相关内容及特点.通过对多媒体在教学中的应用、特点和实践等方面的研究,对其不足进行逐一的分析与陈述,从而得出一系列的解决办法,为多媒体教学能够在高中中国地理教学中得到良好的应用,为地理课堂增加丰富的色彩,提供了借鉴和帮助.     

中层管理者角色认知及其职业危机管理

随着整个社会对职业经理人的认同,企业的中层管理者越来越受到企业的重视.企业中层管理者既是领导者,又是执行者,他们是高层联系基层的一座桥梁.为减少中层管理者认知职业高原期所带来的不利影响,应从激励方式、横向职业发展等多个方面进行改变引导,以激发他们的工作热情.     

当代大学生就业困境——表征·原因·对策

高等教育大众化以来,大学生就业出现了就业环境、就业观念、就业心理以及职业前景等困境。高校招生人数的急剧增加与市场刚性需求之间的强烈对比,以及各产业之间发展不平衡,就业市场结构性矛盾突出带来的岗位相对不足;价值多元的发展格局,市场经济快速发展引发的伦理道德领域的问题,使大学生在就业的理想与现实之间产生了巨大的矛盾,陷入职业规划困境。一直以来高等教育管理上受行政干预较多,专业设置、课程设置等方面与市场信息不对称,人才培养规格与市场发展要求不配套,学校和家庭教育引导不到位,学生就业能力不足等是造成大学生就业困境的主要原因。当前,全面贯彻落实科学发展理念,增加就业岗位的刚性需求,缓解结构性矛盾,加快高等教育体制改革,增进教育主体的价值目标共识,加强大学生就业能力建设和成长动力教育是逐步走出困境的基本路径。     

男性青少年犯大五人格特征分析

采用大五人格问卷（BFI）和自编调查问卷对217名狱中男性青少年犯和263名在校中学生进行问卷调查。研究男性青少年犯大五人格特征及其影响因素,为有效预防青少年犯罪提供理论依据。调查发现青少年犯与正常同龄男生在宜人性、责任心、神经质和开放性等四个维度上有显著差异;宜人性与开放性在区分青少年犯与正常同龄男生有一定的鉴别力：家庭关系、父母是否离异、农村或城市户口、有无恋爱经历、上网频率、小时候父母是否在家、入监前生活状态等因素影响青少年宜人性人格因子的形成;家庭关系、上网频率等因素影响青少年开放性人格因子形成。本研究表明宜人性与开放性对青少年犯罪有一定预测力;家庭诸多因素对青少年犯罪人格特征有影响作用。     

大学生职业成熟度模糊综合评价研究

大学毕业生能否实现顺利就业并达到职业满意,是中国高等教育发展过程中面临的一个重要课题.而大学生职业成熟度的高低直接影响着大学生未来的职业选择和职业成功,因此本文在国内外职业成熟度文献研究的基础上,从择业价值观、职业目标、职业信息、职业自信、自我认知、择业依赖6个维度构建大学生职业成熟度综合评价体系,并运用模糊数学理论和基于主成分的熵权值赋权方法,建立大学生职业成熟度模糊综合评价模型和职业成熟度计算方法,本文通过应用实例验证了大学生职业成熟度模糊综合评价结果的可行性和实用性,从而得出了具有借鉴和指导意义的结论.     

Perceived trade-off between education and sports career: evidence from professional football

To explore the attitudes towards risky career choices of young people in highly competitive environments, we surveyed almost 1000 football players in the youth academies of German professional clubs (Bundesliga), who must generally decide early in their careers whether or not to risk quitting school to focus solely on a professional football career. Based on the survey responses, we empirically analysed which factors influence these youths’ tendencies to choose a high-risk career option over a lower risk one. Our results seem to indicate that such risk taking in competitive environments can be explained by potential benefits expected from this decision, as well as judgments about the likelihood of achieving the desired career. Risk attitudes towards career choices vary by differences in individuals’ estimates of the potential benefits and in particular, in their own assessments of the likelihood of success, which is an important driver of risk acceptance. We also found that opportunity cost considerations influence risk acceptance: the better the low-risk option, the less willing the individual to give it up for a high-risk alternative. In addition, both national origin and level of cultural integration play a role in attitudes towards risky career choices, with reductions in the latter increasing the risk premium of quitting school.     

“项目教学法”在《酒店经营与管理》课程中的应用

项目教学法最早起源于美国,是由美国著名教育家凯兹教授和加拿大教育家查理教授共同推创的一种以学生为本的教学方法,它是师生通过共同实施一个完整的"项目"而进行的教学活动。把该教学法应用于《酒店经营管理》课程教学的实践中,通过新教学观的树立,营造全新的学习氛围,最大限度的缩小学校教育与工作实践中的差距。