基于动态调整模型的最优资本结构影响因素实证研究

本文引入调整成本这一概念,构建了资本结构的动态调整模型。并基于面板数据分析方法,采用我国上市公司的最新财务数据和宏观经济指标,对动态调整模型进行了实证分析。实证结果表明,我国上市公司的资本结构的确存在向最优值部分调整的现象,在动态调整过程中的交易成本较小,这使得我国上市公司的资本结构调整到最优资本结构的比例较高。     

新常态下贸易调整与中国经济周期波动

本文构建了小型开放经济下多部门动态随机一般均衡模型,通过分析进口占比和国内外产品替代 弹性的动态变化来研究贸易调整时期宏观经济的动态调整机制。数值模拟结果表明,贸易调整的策略和路径对不 同冲击下经济运行的影响存在差异;国内经济冲击下的贸易调整会对经济稳态产生影响,国外经济冲击下的贸易 调整对国内经济长期运行影响不显著,但是会影响短期经济调整;进口占比主要影响消费、资本、投资和实际汇率, 国内外产品替代弹性则主要影响资本、经常账户和实际汇率。     

上市公司资本结构行业差异分析

本文基于我国10个行业上市公司连续5年的面板数据分行业建立的动态调整模型。研究发现我国上市公司的资本结构存在显著的行业差异;资本结构影响因素对不同行业的影响力的大小和方向也存在很大差异;同时各行业受宏观经济因素的影响,资本结构的调整成本和资本结构的适宜度也各不相同。     

上市公司资本结构行业差异分析

本文基于我国10个行业上市公司连续5年的面板数据分行业建立的动态调整模型.研究发现:我国上市公司的资本结构存在显著的行业差异;资本结构影响因素对不同行业的影响力的大小和方向也存在很大差异;同时各行业受宏观经济因素的影响,资本结构的调整成本和资本结构的适宜度也各不相同.     

通货膨胀福利成本研究述评

通货膨胀福利成本问题不仅是货币政策理论的一个重要内容,也是国家宏观经济政策制定的重要依据。本文在对国内外有关通货膨胀福利成本研究成果进行系统述评的基础上指出,由于中国二元经济特征及资本市场的不成熟,仅仅简单地按照国外研究中已有的模型对我国通货膨胀福利成本进行估算存在较多的局限性,因此,必须根据中国的现实约束条件,提出适合中国国情的理论框架与实证研究。     

财政政策、货币政策调控与宏观经济稳定——基于新凯恩斯主义垄断竞争模型的分析

本文基于包含金融加速器的新凯恩斯主义垄断竞争框架,研究了财政政策和货币政策冲击对我国宏观经济的影响。实证结果表明,财政政策能够解释部分就业、消费和资本存量波动;货币政策冲击则能够解释大部分通货膨胀、就业波动,以及部分产出、消费和投资波动。总体上,模型能够较好地刻画中国宏观经济波动特征。本文认为今后一段时期内,应当将财政政策更多转向民生领域和基础设施建设,重视货币政策调控,从而更有效地调控宏观经济运行。     

通胀形势凸显经济深层次矛盾

3月份宏观经济数据再次凸显中国经济深层次调整的巨大压力。一面是生产价格指数(PPI)在28个月以来首现负增长,一面却是消费价格指数(CPI)同比上涨3.6%,PPI与CPI之间的"价格差"越拉越大。PPI的负增长表面,实体经济需求不足,企业难以把上游的成本     

宏观经济环境对资本结构调整速度的影响研究

利用沪深两市715家上市公司1996～2008年的非平衡面板数据,基于资本结构部分调整模型,对比研究宏观经济繁荣和宏观经济衰退两种情况下的调整速度,实证结果显示相比于宏观经济衰退的情形,在宏观经济繁荣时的调整速度更快。     

上市公司资本结构调整速度的区域差异研究

本文针对上市公司资本结构的影响因素及调整速度问题,通过构建动态面板模型,采用广义矩估计(GMM)方法,选取1999～2011年非金融上市公司的财务数据为样本进行研究.研究结果表明,中国不同地区上市公司的资本结构不仅受到公司特征、宏观经济因素的影响,还受制度环境因素的影响;制度环境对资本结构的影响程度及资本结构调整速度存在区域差异;调整速度较快的地区呈“带状”分布在中国东部沿海和中部地区.     

能源消费、二氧化碳排放与经济增长——基于二氧化碳减排成本视角的实证分析

本文基于VAR模型和脉冲响应函数分析方法,通过构建二氧化碳减排成本计算模型,定量分析了总能源消费和四种主要能源消费(煤炭、石油、电力、天然气)对宏观经济变量(产出、投资、就业)的影响.研究结论表明,基于各种主要能源消费的二氧化碳减排成本之间存在的差异性,施行燃料转换政策对于中国是一个很好的减排政策选择.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.