我国商业银行应对入世挑战对策

1、加快金融体制改革,完善现代商业银行体制.首先着力解决好国有商业银行的产权结构和法人治理两大根本性问题.实行股份制改造可以采取多种形式,分几步走:第一步,将国有商业银行改造为国有独资的银行有限公司;第二步吸收机构投资者入股,将国有独资的银行有限公司改造为国家控投的股份制商业银行;第三步通过分拆上市成为国家控股的金融上市公司.     

培育和创新现代商业银行内控合规管理机制

国有商业银行实行股份制改造后，由产权单一的国有商业银行改制为产权多元化的股份制有限公司，健全的公司治理结构必然要求完善的公司治理机制同步跟进。而完善公司治理机制，核心就是要加快培育和创新符合现代金融企业公司治理要求的内控合规管理机制，进一步加强内控建设，完善内部控制机制，健全内部控制体系，强化风险管理，这是国有商业银行坚持稳健经营，健康发展的根本保障。[编者按]     

培育和创新现代商业银行内控合规管理机制

国有商业银行实行股份制改造后，健全的公司治理结构必然要求完善的公司治理机制同步跟进。而完善公司治理机制，核心就是要加快培育和创新符合现代金融企业公司治理要求的内控合规管理机制，进一步加强内控建设，完善内部控制机制，健全内部控制体系，强化风险管理，这是国有商业银行坚持稳健经营、健康发展的根本保障。     

国有商业银行股改后公司治理结构新探

近年来,国有商业银行股份制改造已取得显著和突破性进展,国有商业银行要保持长久的竞争力,关键是要建立现代商业银行制度,即有效的公司治理。本文从一般公司治理结构理论入手,通过系统分析我国国有商业银行股份制改革后,在公司治理结构方面仍存在的缺陷,提出逐步健全适合我国法律体系、政治体制和经济制度的治理结构模式。     

以科学发展观为指导全力推进股份制改造进程

在国务院决定加快对国有商业银行股份制改造步伐的政策背景下,本文认为建立规范的公司治理结构是国有商业银行推行股份制改造的关键,降低不良资产、建立风险管理长效机制是国有商业银行推行股份制改造的前提和基础。同时,作者立足于建设银行福建省分行的全面、协调、可持续发展,强调要以科学发展观为指导,通过统筹兼顾各种关系、实施人才兴行战略、强化经济资本约束、加大结构调整力度等措施,努力推进国有商业银行股份制改造进程。     

美国商业银行人力资源管理启示录

今年年底中国金融业将全面对外开放,国有商业银行面临的人才竞争将空前加剧,如何在与外资银行的人才竞争中保持比较优势,是国有商业银行人力资源管理工作在近期必须面对和解答的问题。特别是随着国有商业银行股份制改革工作的开展和深入,国有商业银行的人力资源管理体系和管理方式,能否适应现代商业银行的要求,将成为影响国有商业银行股份制改造成功与否的关键因素。为加强国有商业银行公司治理改革、确保股份制改造真正取得实效,银监会于2006年4月重新修订了《国有商业银行公司治理及相关监管指引》,明确提出“国有商业银行必须尽快建立适…     

IT治理与国有商业银行改革

我国国有商业银行在公司治理机制改革以后,存在许多产权和管理方面的问题,本文通过分析现阶段我国国有商业银行公司治理结构存在的问题,以及股份制商业银行实行公司治理的机制与途径,对国有商业银行改制给出了一些建议.     

国有股份制商业银行内部管理体制改革的思考:基于公司治理结构的视角

国有商业银行改革历来是中国金融业改革的重要组成部分,目前,工商银行、中国银行和建设银行三家国有商业银行已完成了股份制改造和上市工作,农业银行完成了股份制改造工作.但股份制改造和上市工作的完成并不意味着我国国有商业银行的内部管理机制已理顺,旧有的内部管理机制仍存在于国有股份制商业银行的机体中.本文从公司治理角度出发,探讨改进国有股份制商业银行内部管理机制的路径,以求对国有股份制商业银行改革有所裨益.     

我国国有商业银行公司治理的问题分析及优化

作为特殊的公司企业,我国国有商业银行借鉴和利用公司治理这一现代公司理论进行股份制改造,对于使其改造成为具有较强国际竞争力的现代金融企业具有重要意义。文章对国有商业银行在公司治理中存在的主要问题进行了深入分析,并从公司治理的内部治理和外部治理两个方面出发,结合目前公司治理方面的研究成果和经验以及商业银行的特殊性,探讨如何建立和完善国有商业银行的公司治理结构,以此为国有商业银行最终实现其公司治理目标提供理论依据和路径选择。     

完善国有商业银行公司治理结构的策略选择

国有商业银行完善公司治理结构的本质是按照现代企业制度进行综合改革，目前的途径是按照股份制改造的基本准则，通过建立科学的资本结构，进而完善公司治理结构。国有商业银行股份制改造成功与否，不仅取决于内部治理环境的不断改善，也取决于外部治理环境的尽快好转，本文就此做些粗浅的探讨。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…