科研事业单位激励机制的建立探讨

完善的激励机制关系到单位的生存与发展、人才资源的合理流动和优化配置,以及职工的切身利益。处于初创期的重庆市农业科学院。急需建立健全和完善各项削度。建立完善的激励机制,激发职工工作积极性、主动性和创造性,对于推动重庆市农业科学院科学事业的发展有着十分重要的意义。文章以重庆市农业科学院为例,与专家同行共同探讨科研事业单位如何建立激励机制。     

The Academic Mind and the Rise of U.S. Imperialism: Historians and Economists as Publicists for Ideas of Colonial Expansion

A bstract . The role of American learned societies in developing support for an American colonial foreign policy has been neglected. Evidence indicates that American learned societies, in the period following the Spanish-American War from 1898 to 1901, were intellectually predisposed toward an imperial policy. The debates within the American Historical Association , the American Economic Association , and the American Academy of Political and Social Science are described and analyzed. Each learned society abandoned the ivory tower" and mixed in impassioned politics. The "imperial" interpretation led historians to endorse empire as salutary; economists endorsed the role of the State in building markets for domestic production; and prevailing Social Darwinistic views of political economy led the Academy of Political and Social Science to support an activist, acquisitive foreign policy as necessary to the national interest. Dissident, anti imperialist scholars as well as skeptical scholars could not turn the imperial mood of these societies.     

Winning the tournament for named professorships in management

We apply tournament theory to explain the process within which selection of named professorships takes place and a procedural justice test to justify winning the named professorship tournament. Specifically, we estimate the probability that management professors hold one of the highest rewards for academic research productivity, a named professorship, as a function of his or her research credentials, as measured by the number of articles published in a small core of elite management journals. Alphabetically, these are Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Review, Administrative Science Quarterly, Journal of Operations Management, Management Science, Operations Research, Organization Science, and Strategic Management Journal. Although each of the eight journals is positively related to the probability of attaining a named professorship, the Academy of Management Review and the Academy of Management Journal emerge as the two most influential management journals.     

Borda's method applied — the right to make a proposal

Borda's vote method was used by the French Academy from 1796 to 1803 when Napoleon got it abolished. In the laws and regulations of the Academy there are stipulations regarding the election of new members. The practice is demonstrated by some examples from the protocols. In fact, Borda presented two vote methods which he showed would give the same conclusion. The method which has not been in the limelight proves to be the same one as is used for selecting the best player in chess tournaments.     

浅谈化工物流液态料收发实训系统建设

以上海石化工业学校为例,介绍化工物流液态料收发系统实训建设的目的、功能、主要设备,具体介绍了液态料收发系统的基本操作流程,最后简单提出化工物流液态料收发系统实训的布局。     

古代教育经费保障机制的创新——宋代学田制

学田制度是我国乃至世界教育财政史上的一大创举。学田的设置,在一定程度上缓解了我国封建时代办学经费的困难,扩大了社会教育面。同时更有利于封建国家运用经济手段,在文化教育方面不断强化专制主义中央集权,奠定多层次衔接的教育体制的物质基础。本文以宋代学田为典型个案,就其产生的背景、发展及完善、影响和意义等问题进行了初步探讨。     

TUC Organizing Academy 10 years on: what has been the impact on British unions?

The year 2008 saw the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the British Trades Union Congress (TUC) Organizing Academy which was designed to train a new cadre of union officials. The aim was to develop a culture of organizing that could help to transform the decline in trade union membership by bringing in new members who had been trained to be active within their unions. Through in-depth interviews and a survey of graduates of the Academy we look at the impact this project has had on individuals, their unions, and the wider union movement. We are particularly keen to give voice to the graduates as they have been charged with the difficult task of transforming the British trade union movement. We find evidence that trained organizers continue to be influential within their unions, but that many (although by no means all) get stuck in relatively junior positions because of the lack of a specialist career structure. This inevitably constrains their influence. The division between ‘servicing’ and ‘organizing’ functions is an almost inevitable consequence of the establishment of a separate, specialist organizing role and can also cause tensions and constrain the spread of organizing practices within unions. Despite this, there is evidence of widespread adoption of basic organizing practices, although more strategic organizing is still far less common. More widely, there is strong evidence of organizers developing new and influential networks between unions, and of individual unions implementing specialist organizing training. Despite this mixed evaluation, we argue that the creation of the Academy has had a considerable impact on British unions and has fostered important and innovative organizing approaches that would probably not have emerged otherwise.     

An integrative model of effort propensity

Over twenty years ago, Mitchell [Mitchell, T.R. (1982) Motivation: New directions for theory, research, and practice. Academy of Management Review, 7:80–88.] called for research which integrates and competitively tests the multitude of motivation theories competitively. Yet, with few exceptions, theories of motivation tend to be narrow in focus. However, many motivation theories incorporate similar predictor variables such as job satisfaction, perceived equity, and organizational commitment, suggesting that theory integration is warranted. In this paper, several literatures are reviewed which deal with employee effort at different levels (e.g., withholding effort, offering extra effort). “Effort propensity” is offered as an appropriate integrating variable, and an integrative model of effort propensity which pulls these various literatures together and stimulates the type of research described by Mitchell [Mitchell, T.R. (1982) Motivation: New directions for theory, research, and practice. Academy of Management Review, 7:80–88.] is proposed.     

浅析中国热带农业科学院试验场发展的思路

建设社会主义新农村是我国的一项重大决策,对于全面建设小康社会,推动构建和谐社会有着重要的促进作用。本文围绕中国热带农业科学院试验场的社会主义新农场建设这一问题,通过对试验场发展的历史和现状特别是其存在的内部因素和外部因素等方面进行具体分析,在借鉴他人成功经验的基础上,并结合试验场的实际情况和未来发展目标,初步研究提出了试验场的发展对策。     

浅析历史建筑功能更新的经济影响——以云南陆军讲武堂为例

历史建筑记载了大量城市历史文化的信息,它们是不可复得的文化载体。但是,在当今社会经济快速发展的大背景下,部分历史建筑的保护与再利用成为棘手的问题。本文以云南陆军讲武堂为例,分析其纪念价值、文化价值,找出历史建筑创造经济价值的一般规律,对如何处理好经济发展、城市建设、历史建筑保护之间的关系展开讨论,从而给城市管理者提供一个新的思路来摆脱大拆大建的模式,既解决了经济发展问题,又使城市文化得到了传承。     

A consistent estimator for nonlinear regression models

In this paper an estimator for the general (nonlinear) regression model with random regressors is studied which is based on the Fourier transform of a certain weight function. Consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator are established and simulation results are presented to illustrate the theoretical ones.Supported by the Hungarian National Science Foundation OTKA under Grants No. F 032060/2000 and F 046061/2004 and by the Bolyai Grant of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.Received October 2003     

Evidence of liquidity constraints found in theme park ticket auctions

Data from Internet auctions of unused tickets to Walt Disney World are used to establish the presence and financial impact of liquidity constraints for consumers, even when those consumers are confronted with a very short time horizon and a substantial potential monetary saving. Bidding for tickets is found to be consistent with the microeconomic consumer theory of risk and liquidity. The presence of liquidity premiums and premiums paid for variety in entertainment are separately established. The authors wish to thank an anonymous referee for very helpful comments and would like to acknowledge Michael Toma, Andy Weinbach, and conference participants of the Academy of Economics and Finance.     

Health Care Educators: New Directions in Leadership Development

Fortune 500 companies have a competitive advantage in leadership development, whereas health care has lagged far behind. Physician leadership development, in particular, is a game changer for a closed staff, group practice that relies on a pipeline of physician leaders—such as the Cleveland Clinic. To address this leadership development gap in health care, the Cleveland Clinic Academy (CCA) was established in 2006. The academy is predicated on developing health care leaders with specific emphasis on physician leadership education using a competency‐based curriculum with value‐added components, including continuing medical education (CME) and master's of business administration (MBA) transfer credits. In the pioneering spirit of Dr. F. Mason Sones, the novel curriculum includes didactic learning, experiential immersion, and executive coaching, designed to promote physician career development, leadership potential, productivity and job satisfaction, and business acumen. The unique programs—54 stand‐alone courses, and customized programs such as Leading in Health Care, Staff Leadership Rotation, Samson Global Leadership Academy, Healthcare Finance and Accounting, and others—have affected individuals and patient care by reaching over 6,000 health care providers, including physicians from Cleveland Clinic, Bulgaria, France, Ireland, Japan, Qatar, UAE, India, Belgium, Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Turkey, Dominican Republic, and throughout the United States. CCA provides a new direction in leadership development with an integrated competency‐based curriculum for physicians, nurses, and administrators.     

从当代军人核心价值观的视角看我国军校学员价值观构建

胡主席在军队一次重要会议上提出,要围绕强化官兵精神支柱,大力培育"忠诚于党,热爱人民,报效国家,献身使命,崇尚荣誉"的当代革命军人核心价值观。军人价值观是属于军人这一特殊群里所拥有得共同价值观,他符合并反映这一群体的根本利益和要求。我国军校学院作为我国军人的一个重要组成部分,还存在着价值取向不明等种种问题,我们应该在当代军人核心价值观的指导下,进行我国军校学院的价值观构建。     

A conceptual model of public sector corporate entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship has been conceptualized as a process that can occur in organizations of all sizes and types (Burgelman, Academy of Management Review, 8, 32–47, 1983; Miller, Management Science, 29, 770–791, 1983; Gartner, Academy of Management Review, 10, 696–706, 1985; Kao, Entrepreneurship, creativity and organization, 1989). This paper develops a conceptual model of public sector corporate entrepreneurship. The proposed model is intended to depict the main antecedents that relate to corporate entrepreneurship within the public sector and the impact of corporate entrepreneurship on public sector organizational performance (growth, development and productivity), as well as factors influencing its continuous performance. Following discussion of the model’s contents, the potential value for researchers and those engaging in public sector corporate entrepreneurship are described.     

实践育人之花的迎春绽放

本文根据教育部关于实践教学育人的意见,从教育工作者的使命,实现实践育人的各种途径,以及该学校艺术设计系开展的各项活动,把实践教学育人落到实处,取得了明显效果。对高职院校学生管理工作有一定的指导作用。     

A pull system for delegating knowledge work

A pull system using kanban is commonly used in manufacturing settings to efficiently control the flow of goods. Its success in service operations is limited to processes similar to production lines when the output is repetitive. This paper examined how well a pull system for delegating non-repetitive output performed in an experimental setting of knowledge work, similar to what is found in many services. Results indicated that performance, as measured by completion time for cognitive tasks, improved under a pull as opposed to a push system of delegation. The improvement occurred with no change in output quality, stress levels, or satisfaction. Portions of this data were presented at the Academy of Management Conference, Philadelphia, PA, August, 2007.     

A global perspective on diversity and inclusion in work organisations

This Academy of Management, Human Resources Division, Ambassadors' Programme special issue presents a collection of empirical papers examining workplace diversity and inclusion in a global context. We introduce this topic raising three overarching challenges: to develop more context-specific definitions of diversity and inclusion; to include dimensions pertinent to a global context in the definition of diversity and inclusion; and to consider the impact of diversity and inclusion practices on performance outcomes across countries as well as within multinational corporations. We explore these challenges through three diversity and inclusion lenses – gender, age and nationality – exploring global perspectives at the national, organisational and team levels of analysis. In conclusion, we present an agenda for future research.     

The impact of large-scale employee share ownership plans on labour productivity: the case of Eircom

Large-scale employee share ownership plans (ESOPs) have been a distinctive characteristic of Irish public enterprise reform, with shareholdings of 14.9% being allocated to employees as part of firm restructuring and privatisation programmes. This paper presents a case study analysis of a large-scale ESOP in Eircom, Ireland's former national telecommunications operator. We identify changes in labour productivity (LP) during 8 years before and after the establishment of the company's ESOP and use a framework based on Pierce, Rubenfeld and Morgan (1991, The Academy of Management Review, 16, 121–144) and Pierce, Kostova and Dirks (2001, Academy of Management Review, 26, 298–310) to explore the role played by the ESOP. The ESOP was found to play a key role in enabling firm-level reform through concession bargaining and changes in employee relations, and thereby indirectly affecting LP. However, despite the substantial shareholding and influence of the ESOP, we find that it has failed to create a sense of psychological ownership among employees, and thereby further impact on productivity.     

双循环战略下国企改革深化与竞争定位

要对以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局的形成发挥更大作用今年是国企改革三年行动计划的第一年。国企改革行动三年计划的第二年、第三年,跨到了“十四五”,要考虑国企改革三年行动计划的继续推进能够支持“十四五”规划的顺利实施。