论居民收入消费与国家经济增长的关系

<正>居民的收入分为居民家庭全部收入和可支配收入,它包括工资收入、经营收入等项目。家庭全部收入包括一些从表面上看,属于家庭收入,但实际上因为社会统筹等原因,家庭成员在一定的时间内无法自主支配的收入,例如提存的养老金、公积金等;可支配收入是一个家庭在一定时间内获得并且可以由家庭成员自由支配的收入,主要包括劳动收入、经营收入、存款利息、退休金、各种原因的赔偿金等。影响居民家庭收入的主要因素有:社会总收入的分配方式、国家经济发展对家庭经     

我国区域居民收入差距影响因素实证分析

鉴于居民收入差距的日益恶化趋势和国内学术界和政界的高度重视,本文以中国2000-2010年的省级面板数据为样本,在计算出中国分省居民收入差距的基础上,开展相关实证分析来深入探讨影响居民收入差距的因素。结果表明:财政收入占GDP比重的提高能够降低居民收入差距,城镇登记失业率、人均国内生产总值、出口总额占GDP比重、城镇家庭人均可支配收入与农村居民家庭人均可支配收入的比值、第二产业增加值占GDP比重、城镇人口占总人口的比重6个指标的提高则加剧了居民收入差距的进一步扩大。     

五大因素影响居民教育支出过快增长

统计资料显示，1995～2004年，我国城镇居民家庭平均每人全年的教育支出增长2．37倍，年均增长14．46％，而同期人均可支配收入年均增长9．15％，平均每年教育支出增幅高于人均可支配收入增幅5．31个百分点；占全部城镇居民家庭10％的最低收入户教育支出年均增长9、63％，而人均可支配收入年均只增长3．69％，最低收入户年均教育支出的增长幅度比可支配收入的涨幅高5．94个百分点。可见城镇居民家庭特别是低收入户和最低收入户教育支出增幅大大超过了人均可支配收入的增长幅度。     

微言博义

北京统计V:【人均可支配收入】人均可支配收入=调查期内所有居民家庭可支配收入之和/平均常住人口@紫蛙V:童鞋,要加权滴@BTV数说北京:北京统计V@hehew2010:可支配收入=家庭总收入-交纳个人所得税-个人交纳的社会保障支出-记账补贴//@hehew2010:你给的这个公式应该大部分人都知道,可支配收入的概念是     

承接制造业转移的欠发达地区现代服务业发展影响因素探讨——以江苏淮安为例

本文利用江苏省淮安市2000-2007年现代服务业相关数据,通过建立多元回归模型,分析了正在承接制造业转移的欠发达地区现代服务业发展的影响因素,发现经济增长对欠发达地区的现代服务业发展具有促进作用,城市化水平和城镇居民可支配收入却对现代服务业发展有负向作用。而以工业为主导的经济增长对现代服务业就业有一定挤压效应,城市化水平和城镇居民可支配收入对服务业就业比重的提高有正向效应。     

城镇居民家庭人均消费比例的计量分析

居民家庭消费近年来在消费中产生的影响力越来越大,本文利用1997-2016年城镇居民家庭消费基本情况,借助Eviews软件对数据进行回归建立计量模型,对城镇居民家庭各方面人均消费比例进行分析,结果表明,可支配收入是影响消费的主要因素,因此要提高家庭人均消费支出水平,关键还是要提高收入,希望本文的分析能对政府改善民生提供参考依据。     

中低薪收入家庭大学生超前消费调查研究

随着经济迅速发展及借贷平台的兴起,人们的消费观念也随之发生了变化。本文以中低薪收入家庭的大学生为研究对象,通过问卷调查法、文献资料法、案例分析法等对中低薪收入家庭大学生超前消费进行研究与分析。从政府、社会、高校以及学生个人多角度出发对中低薪收入家庭大学生超前消费影响因素及结果进行探讨,从而从"五位一体"提出相关对策与建议,预防中低薪收入家庭大学生非理性的超前消费。     

呼和浩特市房地产价格影响因素的实证分析

本文以内蒙古呼和浩特市为例,运用多元统计方法,以商品房平均售价、 年末城镇户籍人口数、 城镇居民可支配收入、 房地产开发投资额、 该地区生产总值、 金融机构贷款余额为变量,对呼市房地产市场进行实证分析,研究该城市近年来房地产市场商品房平均销售价格与各统计指标之间的变动关系,通过模型和实证分析房价的影响因素并提出相关政策建议.     

广西私人汽车保有量影响因素分析

文章对2000-2012年广西居民人均可支配收入、汽车产量等对广西私人汽车保有量可能存在影响的因素进行实证分析。文章使用二手数据建立回归模型,利用PASWStatisitcs18软件对模型进行检验,最后为广西私人汽车业发展提出了相关建议。     

居民可支配收入与房地产价格的关系研究——基于省际面板的计量分析

选取中国31省(市、区)2000~2007年的面板数据,分别从截面估计和时间估计角度对房地产价格与居民可支配收入关系进行了实证研究。研究表明:居民可支配收入与房地产价格均高度相关。从截面估计看,不同地区居民可支配收入对房地产价格的影响程度不同,其中天津、上海、福建等发达省市房地产价格对居民可支配收入弹性较大。从时间估计看,居民可支配收入对房地产价格的影响从2000年到2007年逐渐升高,并提出相关的政策建议。     

城市住宅价格影响因素分析——以长沙市为例

运用SPSS13.0软件,以GDP、市区人口、市区居民人均可支配收入、住宅投资完成额、住宅施工面积、住宅竣工面积、销售面积为自变量,采用1999-2008年10年数据,建立线性模型,对长沙市住宅价格这一因变量进行模拟分析。结果表明影响长沙市住宅价格的主要因素是GDP、住宅施工面积和人均可支配收入。最后对长沙市住宅价格的合理发展提出了相应对策。     

Effects of residential relocation on household and commuting expenditures in Shanghai, China

Over the past three decades, China's cities have undergone massive spatial restructuring in the wake of market reforms and economic growth. One consequence has been a rapid migration of urban residents to the periphery. Some movers have been forced out either by rising urban rents or government reclamation of their residences. Others have relocated willingly to modernized housing or for other lifestyle reasons. This article examines the effects of relocation to the urban edge on household well-being. It explores the factors underlying changes in housing and transportation costs as households move to the periphery. The research also examines whether those who moved involuntarily are affected differently from those who moved by choice. Results show that, relative to those who moved by choice, involuntary movers are disproportionately and adversely affected in terms of job accessibility, commute time, housing consumption and disposable income. The findings also show that, compared with higher-income households, lower-income groups are disproportionately affected in relation to housing costs, accessibility losses, disposable income and household worker composition. These results indicate that relocation compensation for involuntarily relocated households should be expanded to include more than just housing value: it should encompass urban location changes, household needs and relocation costs.     

Decreasing average cost in private schools,existence of majority voting equilibrium,and a policy analysis for Turkey

The existing models of mixed public–private school systems usually capture only the decreasing average cost faced by public schools, whereas empirical studies find evidence of it for private schools as well. Motivated by this, an equilibrium model of a mixed public–private school system is studied in this paper, whereby private schools also face decreasing average cost over enrollment. In the model, households, heterogeneous with respect to exogenously specified income and child’s ability, choose among a public and a private school. Private school charges tuition whereas public school is free. Public school spending is financed by income tax revenue collected from all households and the tax rate is determined via majority voting. Achievement of a child depends on its ability and education spending. Under the assumptions on the parameters of the model, a joint lognormal distribution of income and ability, and a Cobb–Douglas utility, majority voting equilibrium is numerically shown to exist. The model is calibrated to match certain statistics from the 2013 Turkish data. Using the calibrated model, we compare the benchmark for a mixed public–private school system with a pure public school system to understand the impact of shutting down some of the private schools in Turkey following the July 15 coup attempt. We find that mean achievement and variance of achievement after high school is \(0.039\%\) higher and \(0.013\%\) lower respectively in a pure public school system.     

The asymmetric response of the economy to tax changes before and after 1980

This paper explores the asymmetry in the response of GDP to tax shocks before and after 1980 as first noted in Romer and Romer (2010). I find that there are two main reasons why output responds more strongly to tax shocks before 1980 than after. First, a greater sensitivity of the effect of tax shocks on output to the state of the economy before 1980 explains about half of the difference between periods. Second, before 1980 the effect of tax shocks on households is indirect and lowers total personal income and nondurable goods consumption. After 1980 tax shocks affect personal tax payments directly, causing disposable income and savings to change. This finding affirms Romer and Romer’s hypothesis that households are more likely to consumption smooth. However, I find that households after 1980 consumption smooth in response to a change in their direct tax burden not, as Romer and Romer posit, because they have greater access to financial services.     

基于神经网络的商品住宅价格模型研究

在分析城市商品住宅价格影响因素的基础上,用人均国民生产总值、商品住宅销售面积、人均可支配收入、人均储蓄存款余额、人均居住面积等可定量的统计数据作为输入变量,单位面积商品住宅价格为输出变量,建立BP网络,拟合商品住宅价格模型。用西安市的统计数据作为分析实例表明,模型拟合性较好。     

The desegregating effect of school tracking

This paper makes the following point: “detracking” schools, that is preventing them from allocating students to classes according to their ability, may lead to an increase in income residential segregation. It does so in a simple model where households care about the school peer group of their children. If ability and income are positively correlated, tracking implies that some high income households face the choice of either living in the areas where most of the other high income households live and having their child assigned to the low track, or instead living in lower income neighbourhoods where their child would be in the high track. Under mild conditions, tracking leads to an equilibrium with partial income desegregation where perfect income segregation would be the only stable outcome without tracking.     

Household Economies of Scale and Changes In the Distribution of Income

A bstract A household's position in the distribution of income depends not only on the household's disposable income but aldo on the degree to which economies of scale in operating a bousehold exist Since the magnitude of these 'scale effects'has never been definitively measured, three sets of assumptions about equivalent household sizes are used to construct three income distributions for 1980 and 1986 Fconomies of scale in operating a household are assumed to be strong, weak, and non existent In given vear, as these scale effects are reduced, the size of the middle segment declines It is also observed that over time, with each set of assumptions, the size of the middle segment declines Moreover, the sizes of the households found in each tail of the distribution are very sensitive to the assumption relating to economies of scale in operating a household     

The future's poor: Projecting the population eligible for federal housing assistance

Microanalytic simulation techniques are used to show that, under a reasonable set of assumptions, the real income of elderly households can be projected to grow at a rate higher than that of other population groups over the next several decades. Simulation modeling also shows that current low marriage and fertility rates and high divorce rates, if continued, will lead to a future population that is proportionately more elderly and of smaller average family size. A number of federal, state, and local assistance programs restrict eligibility to low-income households. In an application to the major federal housing assistance program, it is shown that future growth in the number of elderly households may well be offset by their relatively high income growth, leaving the proportion elderly among those eligible for assistance essentially unchanged over the next 40 years. The findings imply that future changes in the demographic composition of the U.S. population may not be reflected in the composition of the low-income population. This possibility should be considered in planning assistance programs targeted on the poor.     

Business incomes in rural Nicaragua: the role of household resources,location, experience and trust

This paper analyses the determinants of business income for rural households in Nicaragua. A sample of 1030 households was studied in order to assess the importance of material and behavioural factors that influence income from business activity. The households are involved in manufacturing, trade, services or have a mixture of businesses. They generally have a low income and asset value. Households supplement their income from wages and agricultural activities. To estimate non-farm business income per employed person we analyse the impact of resources, location, entrepreneurial experience and trust. Our results show that household resources and entrepreneurial experience are significant determinants for business income in all sectors. Trust is also important, particularly generalized trust. The contribution of other forms of trust, such as institutional trust, depends on the sector in which households participate.     

基于面板数据模型的商品住宅价格上涨作用机理及实证研究——以西部地区7个中心城市为例

商品住宅价格上涨过快的现象,引起了广泛关注。探寻商品住宅价格上涨的作用机理显得非常重要。利用面板数据模型,对西部7个中心城市2002-2008年的商品住宅平均价格的实证研究表明:西部中心城市商品住宅价格形成过程中,起到显著作用的有城镇居民可支配收入水平、商品住宅竣工面积和国内生产总值三个主要动力因素。