动态市场环境下制造型企业供应链稳定性研究

随着我国经济的不断发展,企业间的竞争也日趋激烈,供应链作为现代企业竞争核心环节,也越来越受到大家的重视.制造型企业想要在动态市场环境下处于优势地位,务必要加强供应链的管理,提高企业供应链稳定性,进而为制造型企业创造效益.本文主要站在动态市场环境下研究制造型企业供应链稳定性,并分别从供应链的组织整合、供应链的需求管理、供应链的合作伙伴以及物流环节等方面进行了详细的分析     

动态市场环境下制造型企业供应链稳定性研究

随着我国经济的不断发展,企业间的竞争也日趋激烈,供应链作为现代企业竞争核心环节,也越来越受到大家的重视。制造型企业想要在动态市场环境下处于优势地位,务必要加强供应链的管理,提高企业供应链稳定性,进而为制造型企业创造效益。本文主要站在动态市场环境下研究制造型企业供应链稳定性,并分别从供应链的组织整合、供应链的需求管理、供应链的合作伙伴以及物流环节等方面进行了详细的分析。     

供应链视角下的建筑施工企业成本核算与管理

近几年来随着我国市场经济的不断发展,建筑施工企业也得到了蓬勃的发展,一些学者加强了对建筑施工企业成本核算与管理的研究,本文从建筑施工企业在供应链视角下成本核算管理存在的问题进行了分析,提出了几点在供应链视角下提高建筑施工企业成本核算管理的方法,并对建筑施工企业成本核算管理进行了展望.     

关于供应链企业资金管理风险的探讨

企业资金管理是企业财务管理的重要组成部分,由于在供应链上存在一定的信息弊端与资金管理等风险问题,致使我们需要进一步的针对于供应链企业资金管理风险进行分析.从供应链的角度出发,将企业资金管理、运营等方面的影响因素进行分析,根据影响因素提出改革与完善的相关建议.以此,帮助我国的供应链企业资金管理提高安全性.     

关于供应链企业资金管理风险的探讨

企业资金管理是企业财务管理的重要组成部分,由于在供应链上存在一定的信息弊端与资金管理等风险问题,致使我们需要进一步的针对于供应链企业资金管理风险进行分析。从供应链的角度出发,将企业资金管理、运营等方面的影响因素进行分析,根据影响因素提出改革与完善的相关建议。以此,帮助我国的供应链企业资金管理提高安全性。     

我国企业实施供应链管理的战略优化

随着我国经济的不断发展,我国企业也需要不断调整管理战略,以适应不断变化的国际环境.尤其在流通领域中,我国还存在着很大的提升空间.本文将针对流通领域中的供应链管理进行具体阐述,通过我国供应链管理的概况,实证分析,发现实施供应链管理的过程中存在的一些问题,并提出一些实施供应链管理的战略优化的合理化建议,以提升我国企业在国际市场上的竞争力.     

供应链条件下库存最优化管理对策分析

企业库存管理是企业管理的重要方面,同时也是降低企业成本的重要途径,降低企业库存有助于降低企业运行风险。本文主要从供应链视角分析库存概念、作用,分析供应链条件下库存管理存在问题,探讨最优化库存管理对策,力求实现企业库存有效化运作,确保企业持续、健康发展。     

我国企业实施供应链管理的战略优化

随着我国经济的不断发展，我国企业也需要不断调整管理战略，以适应不断变化的国际环境。尤其在流通领域中，我国还存在着很大的提升空间。本文将针对流通领域中的供应链管理进行具体阐述，通过我国供应链管理的概况，实证分析，发现实施供应链管理的过程中存在的一些问题，并提出一些实施供应链管理的战略优化的合理化建议，以提升我国企业在国际市场上的竞争力。     

对我国制造业精益成本管理的思考

本文从精益生产方式基本理念入手,通过对传统生产方式及成本管理局限性的分析,得出在我国制造业中推行精益生产和现代成本管理的优势所在。因为从广度上看,企业内部的成本管理已发展到供应链成本管理;从深度上看,将精益思想应用于现代成本管理的精髓,就在于追求最小供应链成本,从而达到降低成本,提高效率,企业竞争力不断增强的目的。     

企业供应链管理的研究重点与发展趋势探讨

物流管理不断实践、信息技术以及市场竞争环境的变化为供应链管理快速发展创造了动力,供应链管理在近年来已经有了很大的发展.本文试图通过梳理供应链管理的发展趋势和重点,以期对我国企业供应链管理提供借鉴.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…