Present and future: a trend forecasting and ranking of university types for innovative development from an intellectual capital perspective

In today’s knowledge-based economy, by well intellectual capital (IC) managing to enhance innovative ability and performance has become critical as many nations struggle to gain sustainable competitive advantage. Knowledge, innovation, and IC are at a university’s core. Given its function of cultivating innovative assets, R&D researchers, hi-tech professions and interdisciplinary talent, universities have become a critical factor in building sustainable competitive advantages worldwide. The important role universities play is particularly essential in Taiwan. The hi-tech industry, as the most profitable industry sector, directly impacts the growth of the Taiwanese economy. However, as global competition in higher education becomes fierce, higher education in Taiwan is losing its competitive standing and global market share for students and, additionally, Taiwan is losing its overall competitive advantage in the global economy. Universities today face significantly unbalanced student enrollment numbers and several universities have failed to keep operating from late 2008 to 2009. In order to understand both current and future development trends in higher education and to conquer above difficulties, it has become crucial to understand the manifestation of innovative development with respect to IC for different university types. In this regard, the aim of this study was to explore the rankings of five university types in terms of innovative development from an IC perspective and to provide recommendations for future improvements, taking basic development trends into account. Trend forecasting from Grey Model (GM) was initially used to investigate and forecast current and future Taiwanese birth rates and the basic development trends of five university types. After that, VIKOR was utilized to rank the five university types in accordance with opinions from twenty senior experts with regard to IC. In agreement with the research findings, universities in Taiwan are encouraged to improve their innovative ability from an IC perspective in order to regain a sustainable competitive advantage globally in the future.     

低碳经济时代企业绿色管理变革路径

低碳经济时代的到来催生了企业绿色管理。当前,绿色管理已经成为发达国家企业创新发展的重要战略手段。面对国际市场环境这一变化趋势,我国企业必须顺应形势,抓住机遇,迎头赶上,引进绿色观念,推行并创新绿色管理,在更高的平台上参与国际市场竞争。     

创新型工程人才培养模式的构想与实践

随着当前和今后一个时期我国人才发展的战略目标的确立,培养具有创新能力和创新精神的工程人才,成为建设创新型国家的必然条件之一,这也为创新人才的培养提供了良好机遇,天津职业技术师范大学工程实训中心抓住机遇,通过建立大学生创新创业基地、开展大学生学科竞赛和校企合作等方式,构建了卓有成效的创新型工程人才培养模式。     

Strategic groupings as competitive benchmarks for formulating future competitive strategy: A modelling approach

Previous studies on strategic groups have examined issues such as the identification of strategic groups, the relationship between strategic groups structure and industry performance, and the movement of strategic groups over time. In contrast to previous studies, this paper uses the analytical concepts of game theory to explore the question of what strategic groups will exist in the future. These benchmark (future) strategic groups represent long-run strategic positions available within an industry and thus reference points for firms in developing sustainable competitive strategies. The benchmark strategic groups are discussed and comments are offered to illustrate how firms can use the benchmark information to redirect their strategic positions in order to survive and remain competitive in the long run.     

Resource Configuration in Family Firms: Linking Resources, Strategic Planning and Technological Opportunities to Performance

abstract    We apply the resource-based view of the firm to the study of family firms by investigating how a family specific resource (reciprocal altruism) and a firm specific resource (innovative capacity) contribute to family firm performance. We then examine how the impact of these resources is moderated by strategic planning and technological opportunities. Our findings suggest that family firms can benefit from emphasizing the positive aspects of kinship and from developing innovative capacities. As such, we demonstrate that not only do firm specific resources contribute to family firm performance, but also that family relationships can be a source of competitive advantage for a family firm. In addition, we found a heightened importance of reciprocal altruism in environments rich in technological opportunities, and that strategic planning is more important for those family firms that lack innovative capacities.     

创意产业促进城市发展的内容与途径

20世纪90年代以来,创意产业作为后工业社会的城市型产业,在发达国家中迅速兴起并成为世界财富创造的新源泉,有力地推动了城市复兴、城市空间结构的功能重塑和城市治理制度与政策的全面创新.对创意产业的深入探讨,不仅有助于全面了解创意产业与城市发展之间的关系,而且还将对城市发展创意产业的政策取向提供相关启示.     

基于外部价值链分析的邯钢集团公司竞争优势研究

随着全球经济一体化,市场竞争日益激烈,行业竞争形态已演变为价值链体系之间的整体竞争。同时,产业价值链表现为快速分解与整合。近几年来,中国钢铁工业的快速发展,导致了产业链条之间出现了不协调发展态势,铁矿石、煤炭、运输、电力及环境等外部支撑条件成为钢铁行业可持续发展的瓶颈。目前,邯钢集团公司处于大跨越发展的时期,企业的核心能力以及对外部资源的整合能力不能有效支撑战略目标的实现。因此,邯钢集团在当前的产业背景下,从战略高度研究行业价值链、价值链系统内容,对于获取竞争优势,实现可持续发展意义重大。     

广东装备制造业低碳化智能化发展研究

近年来,广东装备制造业发展取得了巨大成就,目前正在为实现可持续发展寻求新的发展方向和思路。本文指出广东装备制造业仍未摆脱以能源高消耗、环境高成本、外资高依赖为竞争特点的粗放型发展模式,剖析了其存在着技术创新能力不足,竞争模式单一等问题,从走低碳化之路、发展高端智能化产业、完善竞争机制等方面提出了发展广东装备制造业的对策建议。     

The moderating effect of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between real options and technological innovation in high-tech firms

In the past decade, management scholars have applied aspects of real options theory to organizational settings, considering it an approach to enhancing strategic flexibility in the firm. They have also recognized that technological innovation is a critical mechanism through which high-tech firms try to secure a place in the competitive world of the future. Uncertainty about the environment makes it very important to analyze both factors, since the use of real options obligates managers to reflect constantly on future scenarios for which they will have to propose innovative solutions. This paper attempts to apply the theory of real options to innovation theory to propose a model in which real options reasoning improves the level of product/process technological innovation. We argue that this improvement will increase when the environment's level of uncertainty is higher. The proposal is supported empirically by a study performed on a sample of technology firms from different countries in the European Union.     

Strategic entrepreneurship and competitive advantage of established firms: evidence from the digital TV industry

Although strategic entrepreneurship in established firms is recognized as a vital source of sustainable competitive advantage, this field has no clearly developed research paradigm. This study proposes a conceptual framework to investigate dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship and its function in sustainable competitive advantage of established firms in a modern volatile environment, through the lens of the dynamic capability view. By conducting a systematic literature review of previous research documents and considering conceptual interrelationships between strategic entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities, we propose categories that comprise dimensions of a firm’s strategic entrepreneurship: environmental sensing, opportunity seizing, strategic flexibility, entrepreneurial orientation and organizational learning. We establish a conceptual framework of strategic entrepreneurship in which entrepreneurs’ managerial capabilities of environmental sensing, opportunity seizing, strategic flexibility and entrepreneurial orientation closely interact with organizational learning, thereby facilitating sustainable performance of established firms. Following empirical studies of established firms in the digital TV manufacturing industry, the proposed conceptual framework suggests that each dimension of strategic entrepreneurship plays a critical role in competitive advantage of firms. In addition, case study results indicate that a firm’s position and evolutionary path form antecedent factors influencing entrepreneurs’ managerial capabilities and organizational learning of established firms.     

山西焦煤集团公司物流供应链发展战略研究

山西焦煤集团作为煤炭行业的领军企业,如何抓住发展物流产业良好机遇,具有深远意义。本文笔者在充分研究煤炭物流、供应链管理及山西焦煤集团物流现状和发展趋势的基础上,从山西焦煤集团的高度和广度定位了物流供应链的发展战略目标,以其现有行业地位、业务和实力为基础规划了现代物流产业的发展思路。     

U.S. Strategic Trade Policy and the Competitiveness of the U.S. Construction Industry in Developing Country Markets

SUMMARY

U.S. government trade policy increasingly reflects “strategic trade” beliefs that, because competition in markets is imperfect, governments can act strategically to affect trade flows and enhance national welfare. The U.S. National Export Strategy targets the infrastructure sector in twelve developing countries as a strategic opportunity for U.S. construction firms. This paper examines whether U.S. government export promotion initiatives effectively implement strategic trade policy by providing appropriate support to these firms in that target market. It concludes that, within limits, they do.     

Platform competition: Betfair and the UK market for sports betting

We examine two episodes of strategic interaction in the UK betting industry: (a) Betfair (an entrant multisided platform, or MSP) versus Flutter (also an MSP), and (b) Betfair versus traditional bookmakers. We find that although Betfair was an underfunded second mover in the betting exchange space, it was able to attract punters at a much faster rate than the better‐funded first mover, Flutter. Moreover, while Betfair and traditional bookmakers competed aggressively for market share, they also developed a highly complementary relationship that favored all parties. We discuss implications for research in the economics and management of MSPs. Specifically, we argue that the literature would benefit from work that endogenizes platform design and that considers the possible competitive and cooperative interactions between the business models of traditional incumbents and those of potential innovative MSP entrants.     

苏州医药产业集群创新发展路径研究

医药产业是国家重点培育发展的战略性新兴产业。新冠疫情爆发引起全球各国对医药产业的重视。中国多地出台政策,将其作为重点发展产业。苏州是江苏医药产业的重要集聚区之一,也是医药创新的重要载体。文章梳理和分析了苏州医药产业发展特点,在全球医药大背景下,结合当前相关最新研究成果,提出苏州医药产业集群创新发展与量质提升的路径,从理论和实践两个方面为当前各地医药产业集群的发展提供参考。     

国际交通运输业发展方式转变研究

交通运输业对世界经济会产生最直接的影响,世界各国都要从战略上重视交通运输业的发展,从根本上保证交通运输业在世界经济发展中发挥基础性、战略性作用。国际交通运输业要实现全面发展必须转变发展方式,从国际交通运输业综合运输体系建设方面进行全面改革,提高交通运输业信息化水平,通过科技创新提高交通运输业服务水平。国际交通运输业需要建立统一的安全保障框架,促进其全面协调发展。     

浅析跨国并购的新趋势及应对措施

随着经济全球化的发展以及发展中国家国内市场的进一步对外开放,跨国并购在全球各地得到了长足的发展,其数量逐渐超过了"绿地投资"。2008年爆发的金融危机又一次掀起了并购浪潮,这对于许多企业来说是一次不小的机遇。由于产品生命周期缩短,科技创新竞争以及技术进步和技术扩散的加快等原因,使跨国并购的发展出现了一些新的趋势。面对这些新趋势,东道国也应该抓住机遇迎接挑战,采取相应的措施,既要使本国企业参与到新一轮的跨国并购当中去,又要避免其对本国产业安全的负面影响。     

A Strategic Approach to Software Protection*

This paper demonstrates that there is a strategic reason why software firms have followed consumers' desire to drop software protection. We analyze software protection policies in a price-setting duopoly software industry selling differentiated software packages, where consumers' preference for particular software is affected by the number of other consumers who (legally or illegally) use the same software. Increasing network effects make software more attractive to consumers, thereby enabling firms to raise prices. However, it also generates a competitive effect resulting from feircer competition for market shares. We show that when network effects are strong, unprotecting is an equilibrium for a noncooperative industry.     

浅析建筑节能

建筑节能是我国建筑领域当前和今后需要实施和发展的重要课题。本文就建筑节能的一般性及相通概念、重大战略意义、应用现状和今后发展趋势作一简要介绍。     

Understanding managerial preferences in selecting equipment

Industry continues to look for methods of gaining competitive advantage through manufacturing techniques. These techniques, however, can be matched by competitors if used without the guidance of a strategic framework. Similarly, structural capacity choices can be matched by competitors without the infrastructural benefits of a well defined operations strategy. In this study, multiattribute utility (MAU) theory analysis was used in an experiment to quantify the contribution of various structural and infrastructural strategic factors toward sustaining competitive advantage within the context of a capital equipment selection decision. The experimental respondents were manufacturing managers and professionals from the plastics industry. This research provides groundwork for understanding the role of strategic infrastructural factors in sustaining competitive advantage within the structural capacity decision of selecting capital equipment in the plastics industry.     

对黄石民营经济发展与企业自主创新的分析

我国民营企业规模小、技术含量低、竞争能力不强。因此,亟需提高我国民营企业的自主创新能力,才能实现建设创新型国家的战略目标。针对黄石市民营经济的发展现状,探讨了民营经济发展中存在的问题,提出了黄石市民营企业自主创新的途径。