制度距离与我国企业跨国并购交易成败研究

本文研究了正式和非正式制度距离对跨国并购交易成败的影响,以及异质国际经验对制度距离影响的调节作用。通过1992—2012年我国505个上市公司跨国并购样本,实证检验了本文的假设,结果表明：第一,正式和非正式制度距离能显著提升跨国并购交易的成功率。第二,一般国际经验对正式制度距离和交易成败存在显著正向影响关系。第三,跨国并购经验对正式、非正式制度距离和交易成败存在显著负向、正向影响关系。研究认为：第一,正式和非正式制度距离越大,收购方获取异质性的技术、资产等也越多,从而越可能达成交易。第二,一般国际经验能缓解正式制度距离产生的交易成本,并发挥正式制度差异的优势。第三,跨国并购经验不利于收购方应对正式制度差异的挑战,但有利于收购方处理非正式制度差异的问题。     

银行跨国并购风险及其影响因素研究综述

金融危机不断蔓延,西方金融机构受到严重冲击。这对我国银行业来说既是机遇又是挑战。银行进行跨国并购风险性大,操作难度大,影响并购的因素复杂。文章基于国内外既有研究成果,对银行跨国并购风险进行了梳理与归纳,对影响银行跨国并购的因素进行了多维解读,以期为我国银行跨国并购提供参考。     

影响我国企业跨国并购成败的制约因素

随着我国经济实力的不断增长及与世界经济融合趋势日益增强,我国企业的规模和整体实力得到不断提升,跨国重组或并购动作频繁,备受世界瞩目,逐渐成为国际经济舞台上的重要角色。当前国际金融风暴席卷全球,对全球经济造成严重影响,经济发展速度的放缓,许多国外企业的资产价值被严重低估,一些公司为渡难关更不得不出卖公司资产或股权,这些都为我国企业“走出去”创造了机会,我国企业迎来了通过跨国并购进行全球布局的较佳时期。本文着重分析影响我国企业跨国并购成败的制约因素,以此探索我国企业进行跨国并购时亟待解决的重要问题。     

影响我国企业跨国并购成败的制约因素

随着我国经济实力的不断增长及与世界经济融合趋势日益增强,我国企业的规模和整体实力得到不断提升,跨国重组或并购动作频繁,备受世界嘱目,逐渐成为国际经济舞台上的重要角色.当前国际金融风暴席卷全球,对全球经济造成严重影响,经济发展速度的放缓,许多国外企业的资产价值被严重低估,一些公司为渡难关更不得不出卖公司资产或股权,这些都为我国企业"走出去"创造了机会,我国企业迎来了通过跨国并购进行全球布局的较佳时期.本文着重分析影响我国企业跨国并购成败的制约因素,以此探索我国企业进行跨国并购时亟待解决的重要问题.     

跨国并购的现状、趋势与政策建议

针对跨国并购在全球直接投资中的主导地位,以及跨国并购在我国引进外资和我国企业对外投资中的重要性,本文分别介绍了我国在全球跨国并购中的地位以及跨国并购对我国的影响,最后探讨了我国应对来华跨国并购及推动我国企业对外并购的政策空间。     

论企业跨国并购对我国经济的影响

跨国并购包括外国企业对我国企业的并购以及我国企业对外国企业的并购,本文仅分析外国企业对我国企业进行并购而可能对我国的经济产生的影响。首先,作者从我国的市场结构、就业、资本形成三个方面分析了跨国并购对我国宏观经济的影响,其次,作者从我国的本土品牌、并购中的技术外溢以及我国的公司治理几个方面探讨了跨国并购对我国微观经济造成的影响。     

制度距离对中国上市公司跨国并购绩效的影响——国际经验与知识吸收能力的中介作用

跨国并购是现阶段中国企业"走出去"的重要模式。随着中国企业跨国并购事件的迅速增长,从制度距离层面对跨国并购整合效果与并购绩效的研究成为热点。然而,不同学者对制度距离影响跨国并购绩效的实证研究却得出不同结论,其作用机制与效果仍待进一步探究。以中国上市公司成功实施的60起跨国并购案例为研究样本,以样本企业并购事件发生前后两年总资产收益率变化为因变量,通过剖析制度距离不同层面及并购母公司国际经验与知识吸收能力的中介作用,明确了制度距离不同维度影响跨国并购绩效的路径与机制。     

制度距离对中国上市公司跨国并购绩效的影响

跨国并购是现阶段中国企业“走出去”的重要模式。随着中国企业跨国并购事件的迅速增长，从制度距离层面对跨国并购整合效果与并购绩效的研究成为热点。然而，不同学者对制度距离影响跨国并购绩效的实证研究却得出不同结论，其作用机制与效果仍待进一步探究。以中国上市公司成功实施的60起跨国并购案例为研究样本，以样本企业并购事件发生前后两年总资产收益率变化为因变量，通过剖析制度距离不同层面及并购母公司国际经验与知识吸收能力的中介作用，明确了制度距离不同维度影响跨国并购绩效的路径与机制。     

基于双钻石模型视角的中国企业跨国并购研究

跨国并购作为一项重要的企业活动,近几年在我国愈演愈烈,这种活动对我国经济的发展及国家竞争力有着深远的影响。本文采用双钻石模型,以2006～2009年间中国企业跨国并购中的典型案例为研究对象,分析跨国并购对我国国家竞争力的影响因素。     

中国企业跨国并购成败评判标准探讨

近年来中国企业跨国并购成为人们关心的话题,这其中对中国企业表示担忧的较多.因为TCL、京东方等并购后都出现了亏损现象,认为中国企业海外并购成功率低.那么,用什么标准来评判中国企业跨国并购的成败?作者首先分析了中国企业跨国并购的众多动机,指出评判中国企业跨国并购成败的标准不能单一化,最后提出了相关的评判标准和相应的评价指标.     

“一带一路”背景下我国跨境并购现状、问题及对策建议

从国际上来看,跨国并购是对外直接投资的主流。随着我国企业"走出去"步伐不断加快,中国跨国企业对发达国家企业发起的跨国并购逐渐增多,已有不少成功案例,但总体来说成功率并不高。与发达国家企业发起的并购相比,新兴国家企业对发达国家企业发起的跨国并购有其独特的特点。基于此,分析我国跨国并购的现状及存在的问题,并提出对策建议。     

Diplomatic relations and cross-border investments in the European Union

This study investigates the extent to which diplomatic relations are related to cross-border merger and acquisition (M&A) activities in the European Union during the years 2001–2019. Implementing a gravity model, we find a positive relationship between diplomatic distance and M&A activities, meaning that weaker diplomatic relations are linked to increases in inward M&As. This finding holds when foreign investors target high-tech firms, are private rather than state-owned enterprises, or buy larger shares of the target companies. This evidence suggests that cross-border acquisitions could be a way for the investing firm to mitigate issues related to weak diplomatic relations, such as access to host markets’ information and technological knowledge.     

跨国并购、人民币汇率波动与企业经营风险

本文基于新冠疫情爆发后跨国并购规模不断扩大的背景下，利用全球并购数据以及国泰安数据库中的上市公司财务数据，将每家企业的跨国并购事件作为准自然实验，采用多期双重差分模型研究企业跨国并购对经营风险的影响，研究发现：跨国并购显著降低了企业经营风险，为了解决偏误性问题，本文还对其进行了双重差分倾向得分匹配检验。进一步影响机制表明，跨国并购通过“人力资本效应”提高了企业管理效率以及通过“技术进步效应”解决了企业在核心技术方面“卡脖子”的问题，进而降低经营风险。从异质性上看，跨国并购对降低技术密集型企业和大规模企业的经营风险效果更强。同时，本文还发现人民币汇率大幅度波动会加大跨国企业经营风险。因此，研究跨国并购对企业经营风险的影响，对企业长期高质量发展与提高国际竞争力具有现实意义。     

Import to invest: Impact of cultural goods on cross-border mergers and acquisitions

Existing studies have demonstrated the necessities of formal institutions and negativity of cultural distance in international investments. Surprisingly, China’s exponential increase of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and its low-quality institutions and distinct cultural norms contradict these studies. This paper aims to tackle this puzzle by examining the role of cultural imports in cross-border M&As. Our empirical evidence suggests that the trade of cultural goods significantly increases the volume and realized economic gains of M&As from importing to exporting countries. Our results are robust to alternative measures and an instrumental variable approach. On exploring potential channels, we find that imported cultural goods could drive cultural convergence between countries and also mitigate the adverse effect of cultural distance on merger outcomes. We further show that cultural imports could help firms in overcoming contractual barriers at target countries. This paper provides practical implications for cross-border investments in the current world with intensified cultural conflicts.     

中国上市公司并购绩效的实证分析

西方经典企业并购理论可主要归结为使总价值增加的效率理论、自大理论、代理问题和再分配理论。为检验这些理论在中国的适用性，本文分别采用会计研究法和事件研究法，对中国上市公司1999年发生的85起控制权转让案和2002年55起重大资产重组案的并购绩效进行了全面分析，兼顾了并购绩效产生所需的时间因素和实证研究的实效性，从而揭示中国企业并购之动机及其绩效。研究表明，并购重组给目标企业带来了收益，其CAR为24．502％，超过20％的国际水平；而收购企业收益不大且缺乏持续性。同时本文结合个案分析补充大样本研究的不足，得出并购理论在中国具有一定适用性。最后，本文从并购动机、并购方式等不同角度分析了我国并购失败率高的原因。     

Integration and autonomy in Chinese technology-sourcing cross-border M&As: from the perspective of resource similarity and resource complementarity

In this paper, we examine the match between resource relatedness and post-merger integration on technology innovation of acquiring firms to find the rationale behind technology-sourcing cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) of Chinese multinational enterprises. Using a sample of 88 Chinese technology-sourcing cross-border M&As, we find that the acquirer will improve technology innovation when greater resource similarity between the acquirer and target firms is matched with a high integration degree and a low target autonomy level. Meanwhile, the acquirer can improve technology innovation when greater resource complementarity is matched with a low level of integration degree in technology-sourcing cross-border M&As. This paper provides the acquiring firms with fresh ideas of how to make the integration decisions of technology-sourcing overseas M&As. We hope to help multinational enterprises to achieve more outstanding technology innovation performance through technology-sourcing overseas M&As in an intense global competitive environment.     

跨国并购成败的文化解读

在全球范围内失败的跨国并购案例中,有80%是由于文化整合不利所导致的.这是因为企业文化的整合是一个涉及多方面的复杂过程.中国企业在跨国并购中也同样有着高失败率,主要原因是追求有形资源的整合,轻视文化、习俗整合.因此,企业跨国并购只有不断地提升文化整合能力,才能走得更稳、更快、更强.     

Technology-acquiring cross-border M&As by emerging market firms: role of bilateral trade openness

This paper investigates the role of bilateral trade openness in technology-acquiring cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) by emerging market firms (EMFs). The cross-border M&A, patents, and financial data from January 2000 to December 2013 have been utilised for empirical analyses. By analysing cumulative abnormal returns of the acquirer EMFs from Brazil, Russia, China, India, and Mexico, the value-creating nature of technology-acquiring cross-border M&As has been confirmed. In addition, the number of the patents owned by the target firms showed a positive and significant effect on the stock performance of cross-border acquirers. Finally, the bilateral trade openness significantly and positively moderated the relation between the innovation capability of the target firms and EMFs’ stock performance.     

Exchange rate pass-through in Turkish export and import prices

This article investigates the effects of horizontal acquisitions on the performance of target firms in the 1990s. Using French manufacturing firm-level data, we examine two main indicators of performance: the profit and the productive efficiency. We distinguish domestic from cross-border acquisitions. To evaluate the impact of take-overs, we implement appropriate difference-in-difference estimation techniques associated to a matching propensity score procedure. We find that Mergers &?Acquisitions (M&A) do not increase the profit of French target firms, even on the long run. However, they clearly raise the productivity of target firms. These results suggest that firms probably redistribute efficiency gains at the upstream and/or downstream production stage. There is no evidence of an increase in market power. In addition, the consequences of domestic and cross-border M&A significantly differ. Efficiency gains are stronger for cross-border M&A. This conclusion is however true only for extra-European Union operations. The achievement in the European economic integration certainly explains the absence of difference between European and domestic acquisitions. Finally, our results cast some doubt on the frequent discrimination attitude towards foreign takeovers and the fears of their impact on firms’ performance and the host country's welfare.     

Analysing the employment effects of mergers and acquisitions

This paper examines the employment effects of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) by using matched establishment-level data from Finland. Our data register practically almost all M&As in all sectors. We compare the employment effects of cross-border M&As with the effects arising from two different types of domestic M&As and internal restructurings. The results show that cross-border M&As lead to downsizing in manufacturing employment. The effects of cross-border M&As on employment in non-manufacturing are much weaker. Changes in ownership associated with domestic M&As and internal restructurings also typically cause employment losses, but they exhibit an interesting sectoral variation.