并购重组的税收筹划

一、企业并购的税收筹划(一)企业并购的税收筹划规律企业并购是实现资源流动和有效配置的重要方式,在企业并购过程中不可避免地涉及企业的税收负担及筹划节税问题。企业并购的税收筹划是指在税法规定的范围内,并购双方从税收角度对并购方案进行科学、合理的事先筹划和安排,尽可能减轻企业税     

浅析企业股权收购的税务处理方法

在激烈的市场竞争中,企业只有不断发展才能生存下去,通常情况下,企业既可以通过内部投资、资本的自身积累获得发展,也可以通过并购获得发展。两者相比,并购方式的效率更高,是企业实现快速扩张的重要途经。企业在进行并购过程中不可避免地会涉及到企业税收负担及税务处理问题,且税收因素影响着企业并购重组的动机和过程,本文从企业并购涉及的税法角度,结合案例来论述企业股权收购相关的税收政策及税收处理方法。     

企业并购重组中的所得税政策及其完善

在并购重组行为中,税收是不可忽略的重要内容。本文在对我国企业并购重组的所得税政策的回顾、分析的基础上认为,进一步明确企业并购重组的范畴,提高对企业并购重组经济行为的识别能力,科学测定企业并购重组交易中的定价以及完善并购重组中的反避税政策是当前加强对并购重组中所得税管理的重要内容。     

企业房地产转让的纳税筹划探析

一、引言 近年来,随着国家对房地产行业调控的深入和企业出于对自身战略目标调整的需要,企业房地产转让行为日趋活跃.不同交易方式下税收政策的差别性规定,为企业进行房地产交易提供了法律依据和税收筹划的空间,同时也导致交易双方的税收负担和风险不同.因此,企业在进行纳税筹划时,需要充分了解不同税务处理方式应具备的条件以及由此带来的税收利益和风险的差异,通过设计合理合法的交易方式,使交易双方的税收成本和风险最小化.     

企业并购交易中的若干税收问题

理论研究与实证研究都表明税收对企业并购活动的影响是深刻的,因此借鉴发达国家处理企业并购交易中涉及到的免税条件的设立、应税所得、税率、计税成本、融资利息的扣除、税收特性的结转等重要税收问题的经验,对于完善我国企业并购的税收制度是有益的。     

企业并购过程中的税收筹划

并购对于一个企业的成长与壮大极为重要,这就要求企业在做出并购决策时进行综合考虑.我国当前资本市场上进行的并购往往只重视企业的发展方向,忽视税收这类看似细节的问题.一个成功的并购行为,应当对税收问题进行科学筹划,既达到企业并购的战略目的,又能最大限度地降低资金成本,促进企业未来的发展.下面就企业并购方式、目标企业的选择、出资方式、并购会计处理方法对企业纳税的影响加以分析.     

可行性分析迈好并购第一步

企业合并、分立等重组行为是一项复杂的工程。简单、机械的并购行为往往会走弯路甚至徒劳无益。在企业并购过程中，可行性分析是至关重要的一环。它不但包括对合并企业自身经济承受能力的分析，而且包括对被兼并企业税收负担能力的分析。只有在分析的基础上选择最佳方案找出并购的最佳途径，才是并购双方的理想之举。     

企业并购重组中的税收筹划探讨

随着我国社会主义市场经济的快速发展,为了提高企业的市场竞争力,企业间的并购重组近些年来也越来越多。税收筹划是企业并购重组过程中一个不容忽视的重点问题,它可以有效降低企业税务负担。本文主要就企业并购重组和税收筹划基础、并购重组过程中涉及的税务种类、税务筹划可实施的几条途径以及在企业并购重组中进行税收筹划应注意的几点问题进行分析讨论,旨在促进税收筹划的发展,更好降低企业的税务负担。     

企业并购的税收规范：经验与借鉴

企业并购是指投资企业为了获取目前企业的控制权(部分或全部)，而运用自身控制的资产(现金、证券及实物资产)去购买目标企业的资产(股份或实物资产)，并因此使目标企业的法人地位消失或引起法人实体改变的行为。企业并购的税收规范是指涉及企业并购的相关税收处理规则和具体实施措施。因此其并不是一个单独的税制体系，而是既有自己独特的税收处理规则，也融合了其他     

白酒上市公司消费税税收负担及避税行为分析

白酒企业历来被课以重税,其中尤以消费税为甚.面对高额税负,白酒企业采用各种手段来规避税收负担.在白酒企业和税务机关之间避税与反避税的博弈中,企业的税收负担随之波动.白酒行业的消费税政策及白酒上市公司特有的避税方法直接对企业税收负担产生重要影响,未来税负转嫁将比关联交易具有更大筹划空间.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…