COMBINING REVEALED AND STATED PREFERENCE DATA TO ESTIMATE THE NONMARKET VALUE OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICES: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE SCIENCE

Abstract This paper reviews the marketing, transportation and environmental economics literature on the joint estimation of revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) data. The RP and SP approaches are first described with a focus on the strengths and weaknesses of each. Recognizing these strengths and weaknesses, the potential gains from combining data are described. A classification system for combined data that emphasizes the type of data combination and the econometric models used is proposed. A methodological review of the literature is pursued based on this classification system. Examples from the environmental economics literature are highlighted. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each type of jointly estimated model is then presented. Suggestions for future research, in particular opportunities for application of these models to environmental quality valuation, are presented.     

不同所有制企业人力资源管理的比较研究——基于苏州地区企业调研的实证分析

本文利用自行开发的企业人力资源管理评价指标体系,从10个方面通过对苏州地区111家企业人力资源管理行为模式进行比较研究。研究结果发现:不同所有制性质企业的人力资源管理行为和管理绩效存在显著差异;股份制企业各项管理绩效指标都显著高于其他企业;外商独资、中外合资以及国有企业的人力资源管理绩效各有千秋,民营企业管理绩效很不理想;不同行为模式及差异性影响决定了企业人力资源管理绩效。最后,本文给出了一些建议与思考。     

Cumulative and CUB Models for Rating Data: A Comparative Analysis

Ordinal measurements as ratings, preference and evaluation data are very common in applied disciplines, and their analysis requires a proper modelling approach for interpretation, classification and prediction of response patterns. This work proposes a comparative discussion between two statistical frameworks that serve these goals: the established class of cumulative models and a class of mixtures of discrete random variables, denoted as CUB models, whose peculiar feature is the specification of an uncertainty component to deal with indecision and heterogeneity. After surveying their definition and main features, we compare the performances of the selected paradigms by means of simulation experiments and selected case studies. The paper is tailored to enrich the understanding of the two approaches by running an extensive and comparative analysis of results, relative advantages and limitations, also at graphical level. In conclusion, a summarising review of the key issues of the alternative strategies and some final remarks are given, aimed to support a unifying setting.     

Moderation by goal commitment of the feedback–performance relationship: Theoretical explanation and preliminary study

This paper presents goal commitment as one stage of a multidimensional goal striving process that affects feedback acquisition, processing, and use during the achievement of performance goals. Specifically, this paper argues that higher goal commitment leads to more effective acquisition, processing, and use of feedback that in turn fosters higher performance than does lower goal commitment. To provide a preliminary test of this proposition, data from an earlier field study conducted by the author and colleagues [J. Occup. Organ. Psychol. 72 (1999) 107] were used to examine the moderating effects of goal commitment on the relationship between perceived task feedback amount and work performance of 196 rehabilitation counselors. Results were consistent with this proposed interaction, as perceived task feedback amount had a positive linear relationship with work performance for higher goal commitment rehabilitation counselors and a negative linear relationship with performance for lower goal commitment counselors. The discussion urges researchers to broaden their views of goal commitment beyond the goal difficulty–performance relationship and to devote more attention to moderators of the feedback–performance relationship. Directions for future research and practical implications are also discussed.     

土地集约利用评价模型现状综述

城市土地集约利用评价已经逐渐成为国内学术界的研究热点,主要研究内容包括评价对象、指标体系构建、评价方法和结果的应用,其中评价模型的构建是难点。在参考大量文献的基础上,对现阶段常用的几种土地集约利用评价模型进行了总结,分析了各自的优缺点以及今后的研究方向。     

基于土壤管理的农业现代化生产方式分析探讨

文章以土壤管理为基础,以东北粮食主产区—吉林省为研究对象,建立指标模型及评价,运用系统工程学,环境工程学等交叉学科对农业现代化的生产方式进行分析与探讨。     

一种新的地方政府债务风险预警系统设计与应用

本文围绕构建地方政府债务风险预警系统,首先综合运用TOPSIS法和德尔菲法确定了样本的债务风险综合评价值;然后利用支持向量机,提出了基于结构风险最小化的地方政府债务风险预警模型,并将该模型的求解转化为非线性规划仅有线性约束问题,解决了传统方法中忽略模型置信范围、需要样本数量大及过度学习等缺陷。在实证研究中,基于训练样本的模型平均绝对百分精度达99. 69%,基于检验样本的模型平均绝对百分精度达96. 99%,数值结果表明本文所设计的地方政府债务风险预警系统是有效的,可行的。     

RPMInter-work: a multi-agent approach for planning the task-role assignments in inter-organisational workflow

ABSTRACT

Workflow management is a core component of modern Enterprise Information Systems (EISs) infrastructure that automates the execution of critical business processes. One of the particular interests of the security community is how to ensure the completion of the workflow execution in the presence of authorisation constraints. These constraints present some restrictions on the users or the roles that are authorised to execute the workflow tasks. The goal is to enforce the legal assignments of access privileges to the executors of the workflow tasks. Despite the variety of approaches proposed in this context, an approach dedicated to the inter-organisational workflows is still missing. In this paper, we take a step towards this goal by proposing a multi-agent-based model, named RPMInter-Work (task-Role assignment Planning Model for Inter-organisational Workflow). Our approach aims to perform the planning of the task-role assignments in inter-organisational workflow in presence of authorisation constraints that are related to task-role assignments. In our research work, this planning problem is formulated as a DisCSP (Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problem). Our proposed contribution is based on the requirements of inter-organisational workflows, in particular, the autonomy of the participating organisations and the respect of their privacy. A prototype of RPMInter-Work is implemented using JADE (Java Agent DEvelopment) platform and some evaluation results of this prototype are exposed in this paper.     

Tempus volat,hora fugit: A survey of tie-oriented dynamic network models in discrete and continuous time

Given the growing number of available tools for modeling dynamic networks, the choice of a suitable model becomes central. The goal of this survey is to provide an overview of tie-oriented dynamic network models. The survey is focused on introducing binary network models with their corresponding assumptions, advantages, and shortfalls. The models are divided according to generating processes, operating in discrete and continuous time. First, we introduce the temporal exponential random graph model (TERGM) and the separable TERGM (STERGM), both being time-discrete models. These models are then contrasted with continuous process models, focusing on the relational event model (REM). We additionally show how the REM can handle time-clustered observations, that is, continuous-time data observed at discrete time points. Besides the discussion of theoretical properties and fitting procedures, we specifically focus on the application of the models on two networks that represent international arms transfers and email exchange, respectively. The data allow to demonstrate the applicability and interpretation of the network models.     

高职教育课程体系改革的研究

本文通过对高职教育特点及培养目标的分析,对高职教育人才培养方案及课程体系进行了修改,在探讨、研究、改革、创新的基础上制定出较为完善的"宽基础、活模块、强能力、高素质"课程模式和学分制教学计划,以求达到全面提高课堂教学效果和学生综合素质的目的。     

供应链中知识集成及其能力模型分析

通过对知识集成内涵的分析,建立了一个知识集成能力模型与物元模型,探讨知识吸收能力与协作能力对供应链中企业知识集成能力的影响,以及知识集成能力与创新绩效的关系.所提出的研究架构以知识管理理论和物元理论为基础,以科技产业及知识密集型的信息服务业的案例作为分析对象,通过分析与结构模式分析来验证研究架构,且利用物元理论构建了供应链中企业创新绩效的评价体系.     

Assessing the social impact of charitable organizations—four alternative approaches

• There is increased societal pressure on charities to improve performance. The questions that they must ask are: (1) Who is our audience? (2) What evaluation measures are important to the organization? and (3) What evaluation measures are best for the organization? There are a number of different approaches available for assessing performance, ranging from social accounting to more informal qualitative assessments of whether the organization's mission is being achieved. This paper draws on the industry and academic discussion of evaluations of nonprofit organizations to develop a four‐category typology of alternative approaches for audiences. It then identifies the benefits and limitations of each. The goal is to identify the steps that charities should use to determine which approach is most suited to their specific circumstances. It is proposed that a collaborative development of evaluation criteria, of whichever type, may be most appropriate as will draw together the experiences and resources of multiple parties, and may have broader appeal than evaluations proposed by individual nonprofits.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimal density of radial major roads in a two-dimensional monocentric city with endogenous residential distribution and housing prices

This paper proposes an analytical urban system equilibrium model for optimizing the density of radial major roads in a two-dimensional monocentric city. The proposed model involves four types of agents: local authorities, property developers, households and household workers (i.e. commuters). The local authorities aim to maximize the total social welfare of the urban system by determining the optimal density of radial major roads in the city. The property developers seek to determine the intensity of their capital investment in the land market to maximize the net profit generated from the housing supply. The households choose residential locations that maximize their utility within a budget constraint, and the commuters choose the radial major roads that minimize their individual costs of travel between home and workplace. A heuristic solution procedure is developed to find the urban system equilibrium solution. A system optimum model is also proposed to optimize the density of radial major roads that maximizes the social welfare of the urban system. The proposed model can endogenously determine household residential distribution and land values across the city, along with the housing market structure in terms of housing prices and space. Numerical comparative static analyses of congestion pricing and road infrastructure investment (adding a new radial major road) are carried out together with evaluation of the effects of the service level of radial major roads, urban population size, and household income level on the urban economy.     

现代物流系统综合评价方法研究

列举了物流系统中几种切实可行的评价方法,并讨论了这些方法在第三方物流系统绩效评价中的应用。物流系统评价是对物流系统的价值进行评估,其目的是为了建立有效实际的物流系统评价体系和方法,进而科学、客观地反映物流企业的运营情况。据此分析,物流系统评价应明确评价目标,理论与实际结合,综合多种评价方法,互相弥补缺陷,从而建立合理的评价模型。     

ENVIRONMENTAL (‘GREEN’) MANAGEMENT TYPOLOGIES: AN EVALUATION,OPERATIONALIZATION AND EMPIRICAL DEVELOPMENT

Seven environmental management strategy models were reviewed, investigating their classification approaches, underlying structures and assumptions. Two major types of classification approaches are identified: (i) continuum/progression and (ii) categorical. A deductive approach is used for model development and only one model, that of Schot, has been evaluated in a research context. This evaluation sets a background for understanding the current research which utilizes the continuum model proposed by Hunt and Auster as the research framework for a study of eight Norwegian firms in two industries: printing and food processing. One conclusion of the study points to the inadequacy of the Hunt and Auster model as a research framework. Difficulties in classifying the companies into the model were evident when a multi-dimensional construct was collapsed into a linear rating scale. This did not lead to a successful approach to the classification of the companies being studied. A different analysis approach, which maintains the multi-dimensional nature of the data (cluster analysis), was then used to develop a new model. Through using an inductive approach, a preliminary empirically based model where all the data can be placed into the model is proposed. Another conclusion of the paper is that further research leading to the development of more empirically derived environmental management models is needed.     

We do not measure what we aim to measure: Testing Three Measurement Models for Nationalism and Patriotism

The measurement models for both nationalism and patriotism originally developed by Blank and Schmidt are broadly established. Despite their widespread usage in Germany and beyond, concerns have been voiced about the operationalisation of these nation-related concepts. However, in previous scholarship little attention has been devoted to systematically reviewing the models’ validity. This paper’s major goal is to contribute substantially to research on operationalising national attitudes by thoroughly examining how both nationalism and patriotism are measured and how valid the predominant measurement models really are. By running a confirmatory factor analysis, three measurement models based on the ISSP data of 2003 are replicated and empirically reviewed. By conducting a single-country analysis, the models are tested for the German case, including the evaluation of measurement invariance for both Eastern and Western Germany. Although the selected measurement models yield satisfying results, the paper identifies considerable shortcomings with regard to the way both nationalism and patriotism are empirically approached. It calls for a reconceptualising of the prevailing concept of pride and thus challenges the predominant operationalisation.

     

基于Map Info的SCOR模型支持系统的研究

SCOR模型是标准的供应链流程参考模型,它使企业问能够准确地交流供应链问题,客观地评测其性能,确定性能改进的目标。并影响今后供应链管理软件的开发。而SCOR模型的实施是非常重要的环节。在模型的实施中加入GIS技术,使供应链的部分信息图形化、直观化,并与企业ERP系统实现数据交互,可以大大扩展SCOR模型的功能。本文简介了SCOR模型。介绍了基于MapInfo地理信息平台的SCOR模型支持系统的相关研究及应用实现,为SCOR模型的改进和完善做了一次很好的尝试。     

Carbon option price forecasting based on modified fractional Brownian motion optimized by GARCH model in carbon emission trading

With the rapid growth of carbon trading, the development of carbon financial derivatives such as carbon options has become inevitable. This paper established a model based on GARCH and fractional Brownian motion (FBM), hoping to provide reference for China's upcoming carbon option trading through carbon option price forecasting research. The fractal characteristic of carbon option prices indicates that it is reasonable to use FBM to predict option prices. The GARCH model can make up for the lack of fixed FBM volatility. In this paper, the daily closing prices of EUA option contracts on the European Energy Exchange are selected as samples for price prediction. The GARCH model was used to determine the return volatility, and then the FBM was used to calculate the forecast price for the next 60 days. The results showed that the predicted price can better fit the actual price. This paper further compares the price prediction results of this model with the other three models through line graphs and error evaluation indicators such as MAPE, MAE and MSE. It is confirmed that the prediction results of the model in this paper is the closest to the actual price.     

ERP实施前企业能力评估模型及方法研究

企业在实施企业资源计划（ERP）前对自身实施能力认识不足是导致项目实施失败的重要原因之一。本文从企业ERP立项决策前的视角出发,以企业能力理论为基础,借鉴ERP实施关键成功因素的研究成果,构建了企业ERP事前实施能力五维评估模型,提出了ERP实施能力评估指标体系,运用层次模糊综合评价法（AHP—FCE法）对实施能力进行综合评价。最后,通过案例验证了评估模型、指标体系和评价方法的有效性。本研究对于企业ERP实施能力自评估,提升ERP实施成功率具有重要指导意义。     

城市公安决策支持系统模型研究

为了解决城市公安缺乏有效决策支持的问题,本研究提出了城市公安决策支持系统总体框架模型,具体描述了各组成部分的结构,如数据仓库、模型仓库、知识仓库,并详细论述了决策支持系统的五个功能层面。该系统将为城市公安领导及一线民警工作提供科学决策提供支持。