可转换公司债券发行与转换策略分析

近年来可转换公司债券以其独特的可转换性赢得了很多上市公司的青睐,成为流行一时的融资工具。然而,很多公司在发行可转债时由于没有对这一新的融资工具给以足够的认识,导致发行或转换失败,给公司造成巨大损失。鉴于此,笔者对可转债发行、转股时应考虑的因素进行了系统研究,希望能为拟发行可转债的上市公司提供一点建议。     

预算软约束下可转债融资决策对产品市场竞争战略的影响研究

本文研究了预算软约束下可转债融资决策对产品市场竞争战略的影响。通过构建一个两阶段古诺博弈模型，本文指出，对于存在预算软约束的企业而言，在正常情况下可转债的转换效应会降低可转债发行企业的均衡产量，增加竞争对手的均衡产量，因此可转债的融资决策会给发行企业在产品市场上的竞争地位带来负面影响。这一结论有助于解释可转债发行企业发行后长期表现为负的现象。     

融资结构对创业板公司业绩影响的实证研究

融资结构可分为债务融资和股权融资,债务融资又有不同融资成本、不同融资途径、不同债务期限。债务融资下融资成本、融资途径、债务期限和股权融资与企业绩效有何关系呢？基于此,本文运用2010～2015年创业板上市公司实证研究债务融资和股权融资对公司绩效的影响。研究结果表明：股权融资与公司业绩正相关;债务融资下资产负债率、债务期限结构与公 司业绩正相关,而银行借款率与公司业绩负相关。     

对军工企业资产证券化的几点思考

<正>资产证券化是以特定资产组合或特定现金流为支持,发行可交易证券的一种融资形式。资产证券化的方式有多种,一般运作形式主要有IPO、上市公司配股、定向增发、现金收购、发行可转债等。资产证券化可以使企业增强资产的流动性,获得比银行或其它资本市场筹资更加有效的、更低的融资成本,更为便捷地通过兼并重组、交叉持股等方式进     

分离型可转债有利可图

2006年5月，《上市公司证券发行管理办法》颁行，正式确立分离交易的可转换公司债券（简称分离型可转债）的法定地位；G中化等6家公司的分离型可转债发行方案，也已经进入监管层审核程序。面对蕴含较大投资价值的分离型可转债，转债投资者应该预作绸缪。     

公司所得税与债务融资相关性之实证分析——基于制造业

本文以2009年沪深两市所有行业上市公司为样本,对公司所得税与债务融资的相关性进行了实证研究,结果发现:考虑了税收变量的模型对资产负债率的解释能力比只有控制变量的模型的解释能力要强;有效税率与债务融资水平之间存在显著正相关关系;非债务税盾与债务融资水平之间存在负相关关系,但不显著。     

双重上市与融资约束——来自中国“A+H”双重上市公司的经验证据

香港上市公司回归内地资本市场双重上市,已成为当前中国证券市场发展中令人瞩目的新现象。本文以中国上市公司中身份特殊的A+H双重上市公司为样本,考察双重上市行为对公司融资约束程度所产生的影响,为有关双重上市的内在动因是否出于突破再融资困局考虑的理论假设提供实证证据。研究结果显示,H股公司在返回内地市场前存在严重的融资约束,实现双重上市之后公司投资对现金流的敏感度明显降低,融资约束得以有效放松,公司从外部资本市场再融资的频率和金额都显著增加。这一结论对于中国H股上市公司的所有利益相关方以及证券监管部门的决策都有着重要的参考价值。     

我国科技型上市公司的资本结构问题研究

本文分析了我国科技型上市公司资金需求的特点、融资特点和财务指标的差异性,并通过实证分析了我国科技型上市公司资本结构特点以及资本结构和盈利能力、股票首次发行时的市盈率的相关性.     

企业成长机会和财务政策的关系——来自我国上市公司的证据

本文主要检验了企业的成长机会和基本财务政策之间的关系.利用我国上市公司的财务数据构造了面板数据集,选用了不同的财务政策变量对成长性因子变量进行了实证分析.实证结果发现,我国上市公司的成长机会和融资、股利政策间存在弱的正相关关系.     

创业板上市公司中的风险投资对其发行市盈率的影响分析

本文选取我国创业板上市公司为研究样本， 采用多元回归估计方法， 针对创业板上市公司中的风险投资对其发行市盈率的影响进行实证研究， 研究结果表明： （1） 风险投资的董事会席位比例、风险投资向公司派出的高管人数、派出的董事、监事或高管是否具有相关行业的经验、风险投资持有股份的锁定期4个变量均与创业板上市公司发行市盈率之前存在正相关关系； （2） 当前我国风险投资行业整体发展还不成熟， 不能有效挖掘企业价值。     

The Role of Managerial Stock Option Programs in Governance: Evidence from REIT Stock Repurchases

This article examines the role of stock option programs and executive holdings of stock options in real estate investment trust (REIT) governance. We study the issue by analyzing how the market reaction to a stock repurchase announcement varies as a function of the individual REIT's governance structure. In particular, we examine how executive and employee stock option holdings influence the market reaction to a firm's announcement of a stock repurchase. Using a sample of REIT repurchase announcements, we find that the market reacts more favorably to announcements by firms where executives have larger option holdings and the chief executive officer is not entrenched. Our results with respect to the roles of stock option holdings of executives and nonexecutives differ from those reported for a cross-section of non-REIT firms. While we find evidence supporting the importance of executive stock options in aligning the incentives of management and reinforcing the positive signaling associated with a repurchase announcement, we find little evidence that the market views REIT repurchases as being used primarily to fund option exercise. We attribute these findings to greater dependence by REIT investors on internal governance mechanisms (such as stock option programs) as a result of regulatory restrictions that limit external monitoring such as hostile takeovers.     

The impact of prior stock market reactions on risk taking in acquisitions

We study the relationship between the stock market's reaction to a prior acquisition and the risk associated with a subsequent acquisition. Using a sample of 823 acquisitions over the period 1990–2006 we find that acquirers buy increasingly volatile targets both as the abnormal dollar gains from the previous acquisition announcement increase, and as the abnormal dollar losses increase (i.e. a V shaped relationship). Our findings are consistent with psychological theories of decision making and risk seeking, including prospect theory and the house money effect. In addition, they highlight that the stock market reaction to the prior acquisition announcement acts as an important reference point in acquisition decisions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

可转换债券:融资工具还是制度安排——基于贝恩资本投资国美电器可转换债券的案例研究

本文通过梳理可转换债券的理论研究文献,并结合机构投资者投资可转换债券的实践,提出了基于机构投资者视角的可转换债券理论分析框架。本文以贝恩资本投资国美电器可转换债券案例为研究对象,对上述理论框架进行了检验。研究发现,可转换债券不仅是一种融资工具,更是一种制度安排,具备公司治理功能,使得机构投资者能够参与发行企业的公司治理实践。而且,机构投资者投资可转换债券使发行企业不仅面临价值变动风险,还面临控制权转移风险。本文拓展了可转换债券研究的理论框架,也为企业设计和发行可转换债券提供了现实启示。     

Dividend Policies and Dividend Announcement Effects for Real Estate Investment Trusts

Previous research on real estate investment trusts (REITs) assumes that their dividend policies are determined solely by tax regulations. We observe, however, that REITs often pay out more dividends than are required by tax rules. This paper examines the dividend policies of REITs by drawing inferences from agency-cost theory and tests for the determinants of REIT dividend payout ratios. The study also considers whether the stock market responds differently to the dividend announcement effects of equity and mortgage REITs based on asymmetric information. Our results support agency-cost explanations for dividend policy and suggest a differential announcement effect.     

Franco-Chinese Joint-Venture Formation and Shareholder Wealth

The main purpose of this article is to test the stock market reaction to Franco-Chinese joint venture announcements and to determine whether it is correlated with joint venture-specific and partner-specific factors. Certain factors specific either to Franco-Chinese joint ventures' characteristics (such as coastal or inland location of French investors in China, capital ownership of French and Chinese partners in the joint ventures, announcement date, business activity of the Franco-Chinese joint ventures) or to French partners (such as their experience in managing Franco-Chinese joint ventures, their international, European experience, and more particularly their experience of Asia) will be analysed with respect to their shareholder value creation. A research sample was prepared from the publication of information on Franco-Chinese joint venture announcements in the French daily newspapers Les Echos and La Tribune between 1994 and 2000 (seven years were analysed). It is important to stress that the announcements used in this sample corresponded to the sole formation of joint ventures. This research sample was made up of 47 Franco-Chinese joint venture announcements for which the relevant abnormal returns (AAR and CAAR) were evaluated. A negative and significant valuation effect was reported for Franco-Chinese joint venture announcements for a reduced event window spanning 7 days around the day of announcement. Among the eight different variables associated with shareholder value creation, only two of them appear to be statistically significant: announcement date and international experience of French partners. First, two opposite time trends were stated in the stock market reaction (negative reaction from 1994 to 1997 and positive from 1998 to 2000). Second, French companies possessing high international experience benefit from an important and positive stock market reaction.     

REIT Dividend Policies and Dividend Announcement Effects During the 2008–2009 Liquidity Crisis

Real estate investment trust (REIT) dividend policies and dividend announcement effects during the 2008–2009 liquidity crisis are examined. Multinomial logit results indicate that REITs with higher market leverage or lower market‐to‐book ratios are more likely to cut dividends, suspend dividends or pay elective stock dividends. These results imply that mitigating going‐concern risk is an important motive for REITs adjusting dividend policies during the crisis and support dividend catering theory where investor demand for dividends impacts corporate dividend policies. Moreover, REITs that cut or suspend dividends experience positive cumulative abnormal returns during the post‐announcement period after controlling for the potential influence from simultaneous funds from operation announcements. The positive market response over the post‐announcement period supports the notion that dividend decisions convey information to investors and is also consistent with the broad catering theory of dividend policy.     

股权分置改革中的“实惠效应”与“未来效应”

股权分置改革是我国资本市场发展中的一个重要事件,在股权分置改革中投资者能否获得超额收益值得关注。本文将股权分置改革事件划分为两个子事件——股权分置改革宣告和股权分置改革实施.对1264家公司股权分置改革中的超额收益研究表明:①投资者在两个事件中平均都能获得正的超额收益;②在股权分置改革宣告事件中。投资者更注重股权分置改革的实惠——对价的高低;在股权分置改革实施事件中。投资者更注重企业的未来——非流通股未来带来的扩容等:③股权分置改革中存在均值回归现象。如果公司股权分置改革宣告事件中的累计超额收益较高(低)。则股权分置改革实施事件中的累计超额收益会较低(高)。短期内投资者能够从股权分置改革中获利.但股权分置改革并没有从根本上化解全流通带来的市场恐惧.股权分置改革中存在的内幕交易和市场操纵更是降低了市场的公信力。     

The Capital Market Response to Wage Negotiations in the Airlines

This paper examines the effect of the announcement of various types of airline wage concessions on stock market value. Our results show that capital markets respond positively to wage cuts but not significantly to wage freezes or two-tier settlements. However, a significant intraindustry spillover effect from two-tier agreements was found that suggests that concessions by one carrier decreases the value of the remaining carriers. The results also vary by craft, indicating that labor market and institutional characteristics influence market response.     

The influence of firm and industry characteristics on returns from technology licensing deals: evidence from the US computer and pharmaceutical sectors

This study examines the relationships between firm and industry characteristics and firms' abnormal stock market returns accompanying the announcement of technology licensing deals. In particular, I examine the fit among firms' licensing activities, their resource endowments, and their industry context, and develop hypotheses on its impact on abnormal stock market returns after licensing deals. Analyzing 11 years of inward and outward licensing transactions in the US computer and pharmaceutical industries between 1990 and 2000, I find support for my argument that while firms profit from both inward and outward licensing, the magnitude of such profits is determined by licensing firms' resource endowments, and that these determinants have a different impact in different industry contexts. Understanding these relationships helps explain when firms should use licensing to exploit their proprietary technologies and make better predictions about the impact of licensing transactions on firm performance.     

Why Strikes Occur: Evidence from the Capital Markets

New and existing empirical evidence regarding the stock market reaction to strikes is used to test the validity of three strike theories. A review of the existing capital market evidence reveals the need for information regarding the intraindustry announcement effects of strikes against manufacturing firms. This need is filled by applying event-study methodology, in a manner consistent with earlier studies, to a sample of strikes during the period 1982–1999. This new evidence, combined with that of previous studies, consistently supports the validity of Hick's theory that strikes are the result of bargaining errors, misperceptions of bargaining goals, or discrepancies between the expectations of union leaders and the rank and file.