中美两国资产证券化市场发展之比较

我国从2005年开启资产证券化试点工作,虽经历波折但不断发展。本文围绕以银行信贷资产为代表的金融资产证券化展开研究,通过对比中国和美国金融信贷资产证券化的发展情况,分析了中美两国金融资产证券化发展的差距及其产生的原因,对研究和判断我国信贷资产证券化市场状况具有积极的借鉴意义。     

我国资产证券化发展环境分析及其对财务管理的影响

资产证券化代表了国际金融创新的方向,由美国次级债“蝴蝶效应”中得到的启示来看,作为防御、转移银行系统集中风险的最基础工具,我国资产证券化产品市场的发展规模和规范程度在次级债危机明朗化后将会加速发展。我国目前已开展了个人住房抵押贷款、基础设施中长期贷款证券化的试点。从优质的信贷资产开始,下一步可逐步推广到各种金融资产和非金融资产的证券化,实现信贷资产的拓展、信贷资产向非信贷资产拓展,可以在消费信贷证券化、不良资产证券化、保险风险证券化等产品上拓展。     

金融资产范畴下的中美资产证券化比较研究

自上世纪70年代以住房抵押贷款为基础的资产支持债券MBS在美国上市以来,资产证券化及其相关产品得到了快速发展,创新模式层出不穷。我国从2005年开启了资产证券化试点工作,虽经历波折但不断发展。国务院常务会议提出优化金融资源配置、盘活存量资金的要求,而监管部门也审时度势,将审批制改为备案制,这都为我国金融机构资产证券化特别是银行信贷资产证券化常态化发展指明了方向。本文在金融资产范畴下,通过梳理我国信贷资产证券化的发展,与美国金融资产证券化发展进行全面比较研究,为下一步我国资产证券化常态化发展提供有益的总结与借鉴。     

资产证券化在我国的过去、当下及未来

我国金融领域的"利率市场化、资产证券化、人民币国际化"改革三部曲正在紧锣密鼓推进当中。其中的资产证券化肩负着金融存量改革的要务,对于推动存量金融资产的证券化,支持实体经济发展,维护金融体系稳定起着关键的作用。本文总结了我国资产证券化业务的发展历程,分析了当前我国资产证券化市场的现状,并对我国资产证券化未来的发展空间做出了前瞻性判断。     

资产证券化在我国的过去、当下及未来

我国金融领域的“利率市场化、资产证券化、人民币国际化”改革三部曲正在紧锣密鼓推进当中。其中的资产证券化肩负着金融存量改革的要务,对于推动存量金融资产的证券化,支持实体经济发展,维护金融体系稳定起着关键的作用。本文总结了我国资产证券化业务的发展历程,分析了当前我国资产证券化市场的现状,并对我国资产证券化未来的发展空间做出了前瞻性判断。     

浅谈住房抵押贷款证券化的应用

资产证券化是金融工具创新的产物,在国外已被广泛适用于各种金融资产。我国现已具备资产证券化的需求和环境条件。对商业银行来说比较有市场潜力的适合资产证券化的金融资产主要有三类：住房抵押贷款、不良贷款和国有股减持贷款,其中住房抵押贷款证券化无论从信用风险还是从市场潜力方面分析都更有优势。研究住房抵押贷款证券化在理论和实践上都具有重要意义。     

谈资产证券化在金融资产管理公司中的应用

资产证券化作为20世纪国际铭领域中最重要的金融创新之一，是金融资产管理公司以处置不良资产的独具优势的一项新手段，目前，随着我国金融资产管理公司的成立和资本市场的发展，资产证券化技术在我国金融资产管理公司中的应用已基本具备可行性。     

资产证券化在我国银行不良资产处理中的应用

资产证券化使传统的金融资产具有更大的流动性,不良资产的证券化在我国尤其重要.本文探讨了我国银行不良资产证券化的运作.     

关于我国商业银行不良资产证券化的法律思考

资产证券化是处置商业银行不良资产的成功途径之一,但需要健全的法律法规予以规范与保障。本文在借鉴不良金融资产证券化法律法规建设的国际经验的基础上,分析了我国在商业银行不良金融资产证券化中遇到的法律问题,并提出了优化我国商业银行不良资产证券化法律环境的对策。     

关于我国商业银行不良资产证券化的法律思考

资产证券化是处置商业银行不良资产的成功途径之一,但需要健全的法律法规予以规范与保障.本文在借鉴不良金融资产证券化法律法规建设的国际经验的基础上,分析了我国在商业银行不良金融资产证券化中遇到的法律问题,并提出了优化我国商业银行不良资产证券化法律环境的对策.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…