分工与证券市场信息披露

本首先从对信息披露制度的争论提出问题，然后以新兴古典经济学视角研究证券市场信息披露制度。股东与经理之间的分工导致信息不对称，为消除信息不对称、为减少股东与经理之间交易协调失灵的风险，需要证券市场信息披露制度。章最后从减少内生交易费用和限制外生交易费用的角度，指出我国信息披露制度应该完善的地方。     

我国上市公司财务信息披露现状分析

众所周知，上市公司财务信息披露的状况，既关系着股东的利益，又关系着国家证券市场的稳定。目前我国已经发布实施了一系列股票交易法规，规定了上市公司信息披露的原则要求和内容体系，但是由于种种原因，我国上市公司财务信息披露中还存在不少不规范的现象，既影响了我国证券市场和上市公司的健康发展，也使广大投资者蒙受了许多不应有的损失和风险，因此规范上市公司财务信息披露的呼声越来越高。一、上市公司财务信息披露中存在的问题１．信息披露制度透明度不高，有关措施有漏洞和抵触现象，且随意性较大。如按照有关制度规定，上市公…     

中国证券市场信息披露存在的主要问题、原因及对策分析

证券市场信息披露制度对于保护投资者权益以及对于促进证券市场的健康、有序发展意义重大。我国证券市场由于监管不到位及中介服务机构的不规范,导致上市公司在信息披露过程中信息披露不规范,对投资者特别是中小投资者的保护不足。加强信息披露建设,强化中介机构的自律机制,完善监管,加强上市公司治理,成为促进证券市场信息公开、公正、公平披露的有效途径。     

中国证券市场信息披露存在的问题

证券市场信息披露制度有利于保护投资者权益并能促进证券市场健康、有序发展.我国证券市场由于监管不到位,导致上市公司在信息披露过程中不规范,对投资者特别是中小投资者的保护力度不足.本文通过对我国证券市场信息披露现状的阐述,给出了规范其市场的相关建议.     

浅析我国证券市场上市公司信息披露制度

信息披露制度是确保证券市场效率和提高上市公司质量的重要保证。随着市场经济的发展,越来越多的企业选择以上市的方式进行融资,而且上市公司的信息披露制度既关系到广大股民的利益,又关系到证券市场的稳定,在市场经济中有着举足轻重的地位。但是我国证券市场存在各种信息披露违法行为和不规范行为,证券信息披露制度亦存在一定的缺陷,越来越受到社会各界的重视,成为我国证券市场亟待解决的问题之一。     

我国证券市场信息披露的现状、问题与对策

目前，我国证券市场信息披露体系已经基本建立，信息披露的内容及其编制要求、信息披露的监管体系以及信息披露的法律体系都在不断完善。但是在证券市场逐利性的驱动之下，信息披露瑕疵仍然存在并且越来越隐蔽。信息披露不完整、不真实、不及时的现象依然存在。因此，证券监管者必须识别证券市场信息披露存在的问题，并采取有效措施强化信息披露的有效性。     

我国证券市场信息披露问题及对策分析

伴随我国社会主义市场经济的繁荣以及金融改革步伐的加快,证券市场随之得到极大的发展。与此同时,信息披露制度作为证券市场健康发展的基石之一,在消除投资者与上市公司信息不对称、维护投资者正当合法权益等方面具有不可替代的作用。然而就目前具体的发展状况来看,我国证券市场在信息披露制度方面,还存在许多的欠缺,使得信息披露制度不能真正发挥其内在效果,这不仅损害了投资人利益,也危害了我国经济的健康发展。因此,本文主要研究了目前我国证券市场上,信息披露制度发展中存在的问题以及其原因,并提出相应的对策建言。     

证券市场信息披露制度的国际比较

信息披露,又称信息公开,指的是通过一定的载体向社会公众发布和传递上市公司有关信息的制度。目前我国证券市场不仅披露程度低,而且还存在较多的虚假披露。本文通过对国外发达证券市场的信息披露制度进行多方面的比较分析,以期为我国证券市场信息披露制度建立与完善提供有力的理论依据。     

激励相容信息披露制度设计——一个理论框架与现实分析

信息披露是投资者了解上市公司、证券监管机构监管上市公司的主要途径,信息披露制度是各国证券法律制度的重要内容。针对当前我国证券市场中上市公司虚假信息披露案件频发,本着保护中小投资者利益为目的,本文从激励相容信息披露制度设计的理论模型角度出发,分析了影响信息披露质量的各种变量,并以各个变量为基础得出模型对我国证券市场信息监管实践的启示,从而指出要完善我国证券市场信息披露监管制度,必须从立法、加大惩罚力度等各方面加强监管。     

信息披露理论和我国证券市场的改进措施

证券市场是高度信息集约化的市场，证券信息作为一种典型的公共品存在有效供给不足的问题。而且信息失灵和信息不对称以及由此引起的“逆向选择”和“道德风险”问题，将严重影响证券市场效率目标的实现。我国应尽快完善证券信息披露制度，加大信息披露的监管力度和处罚力度，提高证券市场的透明度和有效性。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.