重油催化裂化柴油加氢改质的研究

利用研制的柴油加氢改质催化剂,在200 mL小型单段串联加氢装置上,在反应温度365℃、反应压力8.0 MPa、体积空速1.5 h~(-1)、氢油体积比500:1的加氢工艺条件下,对蓝星石油有限公司大庆分公司重油催化裂化柴油进行加氢改质试验,加氢后的柴油十六烷值提高14.3个单位,柴油硫含量小于50μg/g。     

DZD-1柴油加氢精制催化剂的性能及工业应用

研制出以改性的国产γ-Al2O3为载体,以钨镍为活性组分的DZD-1柴油加氢精制催化剂,并通过了活性稳定性试验。以大庆石化公司炼油厂催化柴油和焦化柴油的混合油为原料,在氢分压8.0MPa、体积空速2.5h-1～2.7h-1、氢油比340:1～360:1、反应器床层平均温度327～380℃的工艺条件下,可生产出硫含量小于50μg·g-1的柴油。     

棕榈油制备生物柴油研究

通过利用浓硫酸作催化剂对酸值较高的棕榈油进行预酯化,采用正交实验的方法来研究预酯化的最优工艺条件,预酯化反应温度为70 ℃,反应时间为1.0 h,催化剂H2SO4的质量分数为1.0%,棕榈油的酸值降到2.4 mgKOH/g油.预酯化后的棕榈油与甲醇在氢氧化钾作为催化剂进行酯交换反应得到脂肪酸甲酯,采用正交实验的方法来研究酯交换反应的最优工艺条件,酯交换反应温度为60 ℃,反应时间为1.0 h,催化剂KOH的质量分数为1.0%,酯交换反应的转化率为95.89%,生物柴油总得率为95.6%.以棕榈油为原料制备的生物柴油,其主要性能符合柴油标准,但倾点较高,需与柴油馏分调合或加降凝剂以达到柴油标准.     

甲基叔丁基醚作助溶剂合成生物柴油研究

以地沟油为原料,测定了地沟油中水分和酸价,研究了助溶剂对催化地沟油制备生物柴油的影响,考察了助溶剂的用量、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、对制备生物柴油的影响。结果表明:地沟油水分含量为3.75%,酸价为172mgKOH/g,甲基叔丁基醚作助溶剂可以显著提高生物柴油的转化率,地沟油油制备生物柴油最佳工艺条件是:反应温度75℃,催化剂用量为油量的5%,甲基叔丁基醚用量为油量的25%,反应时间为8h,在此条件下生物柴油的得率为95.91%。     

固体碱催化制备生物柴油的研究

以固体碱K2CO3/Al2O3为催化剂,对菜籽油和甲醇的酯交换反应进行了研究.实验结果表明该反应的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度50℃、催化剂用量4%、醇油摩尔比15:1和反应时间3h.在此条件下进行反应,生物柴油产率为98.62%.     

拖拉机漏油处理方法15例

1．喷油嘴回油 喷油嘴属于精密偶件,如果柴油机使用不清沽柴油或使用过久,就会因磨损而回油。为避免回油漏掉,可以通过回油管将油引回油箱,或引入柴油过滤器。如果回油管损坏,可用一截塑料管将油引入自备的容器,经过滤后再倒回油箱。     

重整预加氢精制催化剂的开发及工业应用

研制出以改性氧化铝为载体，以钴、钼、镍为活性金属组分的重整预加氢催化剂DZ-1A，并且通过了小试、中试、活性稳定性试验。以大庆石化公司炼油厂常顶汽油为原料，在反应压力1．25MPa、体积空速2．5h^-1、氢油体积比120：1、反应器平均温度271℃的工艺条件下，利用DZ-1A催化剂可生产出符合重整催化剂要求的汽油原料。     

从“油荒”看能源预警时代下的国际能源合作

<正>一、"油荒"的产生及原因剖析2007下半年以来,国际油价持续攀升,各地浮现以柴油紧张为表象的局部"油荒"征兆。2007年11月1日,发改委宣布上调成品油零售基准价,令"油荒"一度销声匿迹。但没过多久,各地就再度拉响成品油供应的警报,加油站外等候加油的汽车长龙见证着油荒的蔓延。     

煤焦油基合成柴油

根据我国能源结构煤多油少的特点和目前国内柴油市场供需矛盾日益尖锐的情况,本项成果以现代化焦化工业生产中煤焦油的210—300℃馏分段内的液体成分为对象,开发而成了新型的可以完全替代柴油应用的燃料。适用于以柴油机为动力的工业生产、交通运输和农业机械等领域,也可替代柴油用于以     

如何让生物柴油激情燃烧

受原料短缺、工艺难点、政策滞后等因素的影响,绿色能源生物柴油,任重道远。生物柴油是以大豆和油菜籽等油料作物、油棕和黄连木等油料林木果实、工程微藻等油料水生植物以及动物油脂、废餐饮油等为原料制成的液体燃料,是优质的石油柴油代用品,是典型的“绿色能源”。     

Public Financial Expenditure——A Reflection of the Livelihood Improvement

In recent years.China's public finance put social construction high on the agenda and attaches more importance on livelihood insurance and improvement.The 2003-2007 public financial expenditure reflects a fact that the government isputting more emphasis on livelihood andissues concerning the people.     

Voices from the MPC and CPPCC

"Crucial for economic growth.energy utilization has its role in all economic sectors and every aspect of people's daily life.Now we are in dire need of a new profession,namely energy manager.We not only need to have passion and responsibility,but also a scientific approach to conserve energy and cut emissions.APpropriate legislation should be in place.and a special profession should be introduced to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations."     

Slowdown Trade Surplus Growth

According to Ma Kai＇s economic planning report submitted to the NPC session on March 5th,（Ma Kai is the Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission）,the government has listed the slowdown in trade surplus growth and the steady expansion of external investment as major tasks for 2008.     

Ouyang Riping： A Hero Besides Entrepreneur

A bout fifty years ago. a baby＇s cry broke the sky of quietness, in a small and beautiful town of Hunan province, which surroundcd by green hills and clear water. Though his .birth brought his family great happiness and hope just as any new life, nobody knew that the little boy would get great achievement when he grow up. even start his business oversea, and earn international honor. Let＇s share with you the entrepreneur Ouyang Riping＇s story, which may insights thcsc people who want to succeed and complete oneself in favorite condition or adversity rather leave things to so-called fate.     

Belarus, A Chinese Fort in Europe

＂In recent years, we＇ve found increasing interest from Chinese investors in the Belarus economy. Please let China know, Belarus is always ready to be a true friend to China. We have built a fort in Europe for China,＂ the President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko told Zhou Xiaochuan, President of the Bank of China, during his visit to the capital of Minsk, on January 8th, he expressed his high praise and firm confidence in the development of Sino-Belarusian relations.     

What＇s Behind Spring Festival？

Similar to what the Christmas Day means for the westerners,the Spring Festival is the most important celebration for Chinese people.This big event according to Chinese traditional lunar calendar relaxes and pleases the whole country as the happiest gathering time of the year.National-wide crusade for going back home,too-difficult-to-get train tickets,generous family-going-out shopping,Miaohui laundering,New Year Eve reunion dinner,visiting friends and relatives,watching annual TV gala......each piece of clue reminds us of the smell of Chinese Spring Festival.     

KEY WDRDS for Foreign Investment in China

FDI(Foreign Direct Investment),a component of a country's national financlal accounts,is investment of foreign assets into domestic structures,equipment,and organizations.It does not include foreign investment into the stock markets,concession and subcontract.FDI iS thought to be more useful to a country than investments in the equity of its companies because equity investments are potentially "hot money"which can leave at the first sign of trouble,whereas FDI is durable and generally useful whether things go well or badly.     

Universal Coverage, Pinpoint Illustration and Profound Impact HTC 2008 Intermedia Recommendation and Introduction Meeting

Holding 88 percent of train media resources across China, based on "Time Cube", on the 2008 Intermedia Recommendation and Introduction Meeting on December 19, 2007, HTC announced its high-profile strategy of tour marketing and tapping the immeasurable potentials on the train. Meanwhile, HTC officially launched its brand new product Olympic Train on the meeting, providing a fabulous platform for all the brands that are prepared to do a smart marketing on the occasion of 2008 Olympic Games.     

Market presence in China strengthened Network growth and Dual-Chinese-Hub Strategy More frequet Flyer Benefit——Air China and shanhai Airlines Join Star Alliance

In the end of 2007, Air China Limited (hereinafter "Air China") and Shanghai Airlines, formally joined Star Alliance at a ceremony held in the new Terminal Three at Beijing Capital International Airport. With the addition of the two Chinese airlines, Star Alliance now has 19 member carriers operating 17,000 daily flights to 897 destinations in 160 countries.     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.