运用激励策略推进质量管理

在我国经济体制改革面临结构调整的关键时期,对质量管理工作提出了更高、更新的要求,质量已成为主攻方向。依据行为科学理论,正确设计和应用激励策略,已成为企业质量管理工作的重要课题。1激励理论对企业管理者 的启示　　需要是生命的本能,是欲望作用的结果,是动机产生的根源。人的意识表现为动作就是行为,行为由动机来支配,动机是行为产生的原因。总之,人的行为过程可归纳为：需要→动机→行为→ 需要满足→新的需要。激励策略就是在研究人的行为过程基础上产生的。　　许多行为科学家已经得出结论：期望理论是研究激励策略最有…     

基于委托代理的供应链质量管理激励策略

利用委托代理模型建立了供应链质量管理的激励模型，从购买商对供应商质量管理监管的角度出发，探讨了不同风险态度下最优激励合约的设计问题，求出了模型的最优解并进一步讨论其影响因素。最后，拓展分析了声誉激励的效果，为寻求有效的供应链质量管理提供理论依据。     

质量公示制--提高产品质量、降低企业成本的有效途径

本文从理论与实践结合的角度，论述了实行质量公示制，就能实现物质激励与精神激励、正激励与负激励、内激励与外激励的充分结合，就能充分调动广大干部、员工和科技人员的积极性、主动性、创造性。该文从理论上分析了实行质量公示制的重要意义和可行性，详细阐述了企业如何实行质量公示制的具体步骤和遵循的原则。     

论人力资源管理中六种激励方法

管理的实质是通过激发他人的动机提高工作绩效，以实现组织的目标。作为一名管理者，激励技能的高低直接决定了你的工作的好坏甚至成败。管理中最核心的问题是对人的激励问题。激励不是操纵，不是控制，而是对人的需要的满足，是通过满足需要对人的行为的引导和对人的积极性的调动。人的需要就是人的本性。认识人的特点，是激励有效性的保证。“激励”是一种可以普遍适应的通用法则，但是我们要用好激励，就必须首先要明白两个基本问题：第一，人是千差万别又不断变化的，我们必须设计个性化的激励方案，有区别地对待每一个员工，我们必须明白我们不能以一种激励手段来激励所有的人。     

如何处理好激励方法中的几种关系

管理工作中十分重要的一部分是对人的管理，人力资源管理主要是通过激励来实现的。而激励就是管理者遵循人的行为规律，运用多种有效的方法和手段，最大限度地激发员工的积极性、主动性和创造性，以保证组织目标的实现。但只有正确处理好激励方法中的各种辩证关系，采取因人而异的激励措施，才能充分发挥激励的效能。     

基于激励的盈余管理问题研究

资本市场会计信息质量不高与盈余管理行为有密切的联系,如何对盈余管理进行治理已成为热门话题。报酬契约的设计不仅基于管理激励的目的,还与经理会计行为密切相关。本文从报酬契约对经理会计行为的影响分析入手,从激励的角度提出通过完善激励机制来进行盈余管理的治理。     

美国与日本质量管理的特点

美国和日本的质量管理是目前质量管理领域影响最大的两大流派，本文从文化、观念、活动方式方法、领导作用、教育、质量改进、激励、学习与创新等方面较为深入地分析了它们的特点和异同及其产生的根源，对深入理解质量管理的本质和思想提供了一定的借鉴。     

对激励全过程的认识及启示

激励是通过了解人的需要和动机,设计一定的奖惩措施和工作环境,控制和引导人的行为,使其积极努力地朝某一目标前进的行为过程.企业管理的根本是对人的管理,其核心是调动员工的积极性,高效地完成各项工作任务.如何对人进行有效的激励始终是企业管理工作中的核心问题,关于这方面的理论很多,如期望理论、需要层次论、成就需要理论、强化理论、社会学习理论等等,这些理论在实践运用中都具有一定的价值.但是这些理论都只阐述了激励过程中的某一个方面的问题,而没有全面地阐明激励的整个过程.在这里,我们结合魏格纳和赫兰博克所提出的激励模型来说明激励的整个过程,并讨论实际工作中该如何有效地激励员工工作.     

军队基层管理中运用激励理论的探讨

军队基层管理涵盖了人、财、物的各个方面，其中对基层士兵的管理是首要工作，因为他们是基层管理的主体。如何具体运用行为管理学派的主要理论——激励理论，来调动士兵工作、学习和其他日常活动的积极性，这对巩固基层凝聚力与战斗力有着举足轻重的作用。文章就激励理论中需要层次理论、公平理论、归因理论等在基层管理中的具体运用进行初步探讨。     

基于人本管理的员工激励

随着社会进步和人类自身的发展,管理工作应建立在对人的本性和行为动机更为恰当的认识上。人本管理在这样的背景下应运而生,它是一种把＂人＂作为管理活动的核心和组织的最重要的资源。从人本管理的角度阐述了如何对员工进行激励,重点阐述了人本管理的激烈内容和激励方式。     

External communication behaviour of purchasers—effects on supplier management performance

This article presents findings of a research effort that focuses on the relationships among the external communication behaviour of purchasers, individual and contextual factors and the performance in supplier management. Communication quantity, openness and friendliness were identified as dimensions of individual communication behaviour. Information and relationship quality were used as the two dimensions of communication quality. The results, based on structural equation analysis, provide support for the positive influence of individual communication behaviour on communication quality and supplier management performance. Results suggest that relationship quality appears to be of great significance in the model. Oral communication capability and purchasers’ attitudes towards individual communication with suppliers also play important roles in explaining external communication behaviour of purchasers.     

Employee ambidexterity,high performance work systems and innovative work behaviour: How much balance do we need?

Abstract

This study examines whether and how innovative work behaviour is related to explorative and exploitative activities. Polynomial regression analyses are used to test the relationship between ambidexterity (being engaged in explorative and exploitative activities in equal amounts) and innovative work behaviour, as well as between specialisation (being engaged in either explorative or exploitative activities) and innovative work behaviour. Furthermore, we use moderated polynomial regression analyses to examine a possible moderating effect of high-performance work systems (HPWS) on these relationships. Results indicate that balance at a high level, as well as specialisation, are conducive to innovative work behaviour. A moderating effect of HPWS was not supported by our data.     

Agent-based simulation of consumer purchase behaviour based on quality,price and promotion

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the influence factors in consumer purchase behaviour. First, through reading and analysing the related paper, the authors summarise a lot of influence factors. Second, combined with the theme of the study, experts and scholars discuss these influence factors and choose quality, price and promotion of commodity as the object of this paper. Third, this paper presents an agent-based model and simulation method on the consumer purchase behaviours based on quality, price and promotion of commodity. The utility function is used to describe the model, which is implemented under NetLogo simulation environment. The results show that the proposed model can analyse and predict the effects of different quality, price and promotion strategies by the emergence of consumer purchase behaviour.     

Discretionary HR practices and proactive work behaviour: the mediation role of affective commitment and the moderation roles of PSM and abusive supervision

Proactive work behaviour may drive public employees to proactively improve public service quality. This research seeks an insight into the role of discretionary human resource (HR) practices in fostering proactive work behaviour among public employees through the mediation mechanism of affective commitment. The data for the research variables were harvested from public employees and their direct managers from local governments at the district level in Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam. The research results shed light on the positive association between discretionary HR practices and public employees’ proactive work behaviour, which was mediated by affective commitment. The research results also supported the role of public service motivation (PSM) as an intensifier and abusive supervision as a negative moderator for the effect of discretionary HR practices on affective commitment and proactive work behaviour. Our research model integrates discretionary HRM and proactive work behaviour research streams into public management literature.     

A longitudinal study of habitual entrepreneurs: starters and acquirers

This study provides insights into the characteristics and behaviour of habitual starter entrepreneurs (i.e. individuals who have established more than one business) and habitual acquirer entrepreneurs (i.e. individuals who have purchased/acquired more than one business). A human capital perspective is utilized to illustrate that the human capital accumulated by a habitual entrepreneur may influence their subsequent behaviour. Prior business ownership experience is discussed in relation to an entrepreneur's human capital accumulation, as well as their search and business opportunity identification behaviour. A case study approach is used to develop propositions that highlight the similarities and differences between habitual starter and acquirer entrepreneurs. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.     

An analysis of the relationship between total quality management-based human resource management practices and innovation

Innovative management models consider human resources to be a key dimension in the innovation process and its performance. In particular, the knowledge of the people making up the staff and their creativity is fundamental. However, scant study has been made of what specific type of policies and practices in human resource management fosters better knowledge, attitudes and behaviour in the staff that will lead to the best performance in innovation. This paper studies the relationship between the policies and practices of human resource management from the viewpoint of total quality management and performance in innovation. Specifically, it is argued that there is a direct relationship, as well as a possible moderating effect, of strategic orientation towards innovation. An empirical study made of 106 Spanish industrial firms found no evidence of this moderating effect, although it did find evidence of a direct relationship and, in particular, of the positive effects of teamwork on technological innovation.     

Environmental disclosures and compulsory accounting standards: the case of spanish annual reports

This paper analyses environmental reporting practices found in the annual reports published by 51 large companies operating in Spain, with the aim of determining which factors in the firms analysed – belonging to ecologically sensitive sectors – explain the quantity and characteristics of the environmental information published and its evolution. Moreover, the paper takes into account the implementation of the Spanish compulsory accounting standard of 25 March 2002 and its impact on the environmental reporting behaviour. The results of the content analysis for the period 2001–02 show a significant increase in the environmental information compared with the 1992–94 period. For the first year in which the environmental accounting standard was in force (2002), the results show a high percentage of environmental disclosures in the notes to the annual accounts, although the degree and level of disclosures is very heterogeneous, in both form as well as quantity and quality. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

The effect of participative management on organizational performance: the case of Taiwan

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of participative management on the behaviour of employees and the financial effectiveness of the enterprise. The analytical data are based on the survey of 308 Taiwan enterprises. Multiple regression results show that both suggestion system and labour-management committee have a positive impact on employees' behaviour in terms of turnover and absenteeism rates. Likewise, the quality control circle (QCC) and profit sharing have a positive impact on organizational effectiveness as seen in profit and revenue growth rates. However, employee stock-ownership plans and grievance-handling systems have negative effects on both performance indicators - employee behaviour and organizational effectiveness. The practical implications are also discussed.     

MANAGING DYSFUNCTIONAL EMOTIONS IN ORGANIZATIONS

Although much has been written about the different skills of managing people in work organizations there is a paucity of research and theorizing regarding a particular activity managers are often required to perform: that of dealing with the emotional behaviour of others. This paper aims to integrate research from clinical, social and occupational psychology with personal experience as a psychotherapist and management consultant to develop a framework of principles, strategies and tactics concerning how dysfunctional emotional behaviour of others can be managed effectively at work. the meaning of the term emotional behaviour is discussed and the issue of how emotional behaviour can be recognized is addressed. Five principles for managing dysfunctional emotional behaviour are outlined and strategies for the management of three common emotions (anger, anxiety, depression) are proposed, as well as consideration given to some specific tactics which illustrate how these principles and strategies can be implemented. Finally, guidelines concerning the management of different kinds of emotional reactions and the impact of organizational culture and emotional climate upon emotional behaviour are discussed along with the training implications of this framework.     

Non-linear and non-symmetric exchange-rate adjustment: Evidence from medium- and high-inflation countries

This paper analyses a model of non-linear exchange rate adjustment that extends the literature by allowing asymmetric responses to over- and under-valuations. Applying the model to Greece and Turkey, we find that adjustment is asymmetric and that exchange rates depend on the sign as well as the magnitude of deviations, being more responsive to over-valuations than undervaluations. Our findings support and extend the argument that non-linear models of exchange rate adjustment can help to overcome anomalies in exchange rate behaviour. They also suggest that exchange rate adjustment is non-linear in economies where fundamentals models work well.