价值调整协议的市场博弈——资本对赌

价值调整协议是一种高风险高收益的投融资手段,它:一方面,能使投资方获得高额的回报;另一方面,给融资方实现快速发展提供了契机。本文通过一些价值调整案例对对赌双方的风险和收益以及双方实现共赢的策略进行了分析和探讨。本文认为,只要"价值调整协议"条款设计合理,各个环节处理得当,就会起到双向激励的作用,是一种值得推广的,非常好的投资方式。     

交易结构与交易估价浅论

对交易价格的评估,是当今收购兼并活动运用金融技术作为实务指导最为复杂的一个环节,运用现金流贴现法(DCF),在一定假设下获得估价区间,并以此作为衡量交易价格谈判的基础,是目前国际购并业务在实用理论方面讨论最多的热点领域。本文结合交易结构设计及类型确定,以贴现现金流估价模型为基础,探讨并购类型与整合效应的价值评估关系,及实证分析交易结构设计与并购估价的关联范畴。分析旨在讨论并购估价如何利用交易结构的不同设计使并购和约双方达到购并整合效果最大化。     

关于网络经济时代的网络财务的研究

随着以Internet互联网为标志的网络经济的来临,电子商务与网络企业得到蓬勃发展,财务管理所面临的经济环境、政策环境、法律环境、技术手段、管理方法、决策程序及财务管理思想都已经或正在发生深刻的变化。传统财务管理存在的效率低下、决策功能滞后、管理费用居高不下等问题严重制约着经济全球化、管理国际化的发展进程。网络财务的实施,在很大程度上解决了上述问题。通过网络财务能够推动经济发展的进程。     

信贷决策、信贷官激励与金融资源配置效率

在银行主导型金融体系下,金融资源的配置效率主要取决于银行的信贷经营行为,银行对可选择的贷款机会做出的信贷决策的质量是决定资源配置效率的关键。信贷官作为银行机构的决策代理人,在不同的激励—约束条件下具有不同的收益—风险结构,以及由此产生的信息空间和决策偏好。信贷官决策过程中的信息质量以及信息披露的行为,存在不同的策略空间,每一种行为策略选择都对应着不同信贷决策所导致的金融资源配置效率。在金融结构性因素既定的条件下,银行的治理结构因素,成为决定信贷效率的原因。在我国银行主导金融资源配置的结构下,金融资源配置效     

Capital Structure and Investment Financing of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Vietnam

Insufficient sources of internal financing and inaccessibility of external financing are acknowledged as crucial constraints on new investment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This study examines how capital structure is related to investment decision for SMEs in Vietnam. In particular, we investigate the effect of capital structure on the decision to seek new investment as well as the choice of its financing sources. The main results reveal that SMEs with high financial leverage tend to engage more in seeking new investment. Moreover, empirical results demonstrate that among SMEs seeking new investment, those with higher financial leverage are more likely to choose external financing rather than internal financing. These results confirm the dynamic feature of the pecking order theory in the context of SMEs’ capital structure in Vietnam.     

北部湾(广西)经济区引进外资金融机构探讨

广西区政府在2006年3月做出了加快北部湾(广西)经济区开放开发的重大战略决策,该地区是"中国——东盟博览会"永久举办地——南宁市的所在地,与东盟各国毗邻,水路、陆路和航空交通十分便利,有着得天独厚的地缘优势,但是随着该地区经济发展的加速,对金融支持的需求量越来越大,同时为了提高本地区的金融环境服务水平,很有必要引进外资金融机构进驻。本文在分析目前广西引进外资金融机构存在不足的基础上,探讨一些有利于加快本地区引进外资金融机构的建议。     

信息、会计与权益估值：回顾与拓展

文章回顾和评述了自Williams(1938)以来的系列经典权益估值理论,包括股利贴现模型、固定增长估值模型、剩余收益估值理论、超常盈余增长估值模型以及股利风险调整估值模型等;此外,建立在线性信息演化机制假定之上,文章对上述权益估值理论进行了深入拓展,分别提出了广义股利政策估值模型、广义剩余收益估值模型以及广义超常盈余增长估值模型等权益定价方法。文章不仅对研究权益定价的理论工作者有一定借鉴意义,而且也对资本市场权益资产评估实践有重要参考价值。     

Foreign Currency Exposure of Multinational Firms: Accounting Measures and Market Valuation*

Abstract. The accounting method in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 8 for restatement of a foreign operation's financial statements denominated in a foreign currency into the parent's currency equivalents for inclusion in the parent company's financial statements was severely criticized by market participants and managers. Its replacement, SFAS No. 52, represented an attempt to improve on the methods of SFAS No. 8. This study examines two questions: did SFAS No. 8 produce relevant information for valuing US multinational firms, and are the results reported under SFAS No. 52 more valuation relevant than those reported under SFAS No. 8? Valuation relevance is studied because the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has stated that relevance is an important criterion for choosing among alternative accounting methods. Considered collectively, the results suggest that the rules in SFAS No. 8 produced a poor accounting measure for valuing US multinational firms, and that the introduction of SFAS No. 52 has resulted in a significant improvement in the valuation relevance of the accounting numbers associated with the restatement of a foreign operation's financial statements. However, this improvement applies only to the subset of firms that designated a foreign currency as their functional currency (i.e., switched to the current-rate method) and not to firms that designated the dollar as their functional currency (i.e., as if they still reported under SFAS No. 8).     

项目投资前财务评价体系的构建

项目投资作为企业发展的一项主要投资活动，难免存在一定的投资风险。如何有效地规避风险．对项目投资的成功与否具有重要的意义．尤其在项目投资前选择适当的方向和时机，并对投资项目进行财务评价．是决定项目投资能否成功的一个重要方面。也是投资决策前必须考虑的问题。如何更快更好地运用相关财务指标来进行快速有效的决策，并且充分利用企业现有资源实现项目收益最大化是投资者非常关心的问题：本文从企业项目投资前的财务指标的选取开始，通过有关项目相关的财务数据收集，来建立一套财务评价体系。以期进一步完善中国项目投资评价体系，使项目的评价更加科学、合理。     

一事一议财政奖补制度对农村居民收入影响效应研究——基于中国县域面板数据的实证检验

一事一议财政奖补制度是中国农村税费改革后村级公共产品主要供给制度。该制度以其筹补结合的供给方式,弥补了由于税费减免导致的财政资金短缺加之村民筹资不足带来的村级公共产品供给缺失,有效促进了村级公共产品供给。理论上村级公共产品有效供给能够提高农村居民收入水平,但通过一事一议财政奖补制度提供的村级供给产品需要农民、村集体承担一部分建设费用,且后期管护工作在一定程度上增加了农民的经济负担。那么实施多年的一事一议财政奖补制度是否真正提高了农村居民收入水平？以及这种影响是短暂的还是持久的？其内在作用机制又是怎样的呢？文章首先从理论上分析一事一议财政奖补制度实施对农村居民收入的影响,并探讨"一事一议财政奖补→常住人口城镇化率→农村居民收入水平"的作用路径。然后运用中国县域面板数据对理论分析结论进行实证检验。文章在搜集2002年-2015年全国1869个县域经济数据基础上,从各省政府、省农委历年相关工作文件中查找1869个县开展一事一议财政奖补制度起始年份,最终形成26166组县域面板数据。研究发现,一事一议财政奖补制度实施能够对农村居民收入水平产生显著的正向影响,并且影响程度总体上呈现逐年递增趋势,并探讨常住人口城镇化率在其中发挥的中介效应。     

Financial constraints and foreign direct investment: firm-level evidence

Low productivity is an important barrier to the cross-border expansion of firms. But firms may also need external finance to shoulder the costs of entering foreign markets. We develop a model of multinational firms facing real and financial barriers to foreign direct investment (FDI), and we analyze their impact on the FDI decision. Theoretically, we show that financial constraints can affect highly productive firms more than firms with low productivity because the former are more likely to expand abroad. We provide empirical evidence based on a detailed dataset of German domestic and multinational firms which contains information on parent-level financial constraints as well as on the location the foreign affiliates. We find that financial factors constrain firms’ foreign investment decisions, an effect felt in particular by firms most likely to consider investing abroad. The locational information in our dataset allows exploiting cross-country differences in contract enforcement. Consistent with theory, we find that poor contract enforcement in the host country has a negative impact on FDI decisions.     

Gender Differences in Financial Reporting Decision Making: Evidence from Accounting Conservatism

This paper investigates the effect of CFO gender on corporate financial reporting decision making. Focusing on firms that experience changes of CFO from male to female, the paper compares the firms' degree of accounting conservatism between pre‐ and post‐transition periods. We find that female CFOs are more conservative in their financial reporting. In addition, we find that the relation between CFO gender and conservatism varies with the level of various firm risks, including litigation risk, default risk, systematic risk, and CFO‐specific risk such as job security risk. We further find that the risk aversion of female CFOs is associated with less equity‐based compensation, lower firm risk, a higher tangibility level, and a lower dividend payout level. Overall, the study provides strong support for the notion that female CFOs are more risk averse than male CFOs, which leads female CFOs to adopt more conservative financial reporting policies.     

基于向量AR(p)过程下的广义剩余收益估值研究

本文拓展出了基于P阶向量自回归过程的广义剩余收益估值模型;而且根据该拓展模型推导了盈余反应系数指标的理论公式;并以实例演示了：直接应用上述研究结论,著名的Feltham and Ohlson（1995）估值模型能很简单地推广到AR（2）过程版本,使该估值模型能利用更丰富的历史信息。     

商业银行成本核算中作业成本法与经济增加值的结合应用

商业银行在金融市场的对外开放中面临着成本——效益理念的构建和成本核算体系的再造,单纯的作业成本法可以使成本计算更具科学性,但其未考虑资本成本在决策中的作用。文章提出了作业成本法与经济增加值结合的成本核算模型,克服了作业成本的内在缺陷,可以为商业银行的产品定价、经营决策提供更为可靠的成本信息。     

饭店财务管理的特点及管理体系的构建

文章认为饭店财务管理具有时效性、广泛性、复杂性等特点。文章针对饭店财务管理的特殊性,提出饭店应建立科学有效的会计核算、财务决策分析、成本费用控制等一整套财务管理体系。     

B—S期权定价模型在风险项目投资决策中的应用

在以实现净资产收益率最大化为原则的前提下 ,本文提出了公司配股财务选择的理论模型 ,并分析现实中上市公司非理性的配股行为产生的原因 ,由此建议应形成诱导上市公司配股理性行为的机制。     

A model of real and financial household behaviour

Summary This paper shows that the traditional specification of the consumption function in Dutch macroeconometric models is unsatisfactory. In the traditional approach the fact that the consumption decision is taken simultaneously with financial decisions has been ignored. If both the consumption function and the asset demand equations are modelled simultaneously, then in the Dutch case financial stocks have influence on private consumption. Also it has been shown that the income concept is important in describing household behaviour. In a current income model short-term financial considerations are important in the consumption decision. In a permanent income model long-term financial considerations influence private consumption.The author would like to thank Professor Th. van de Klundert, Professor S.K. Kuipers, Mr. G.H. Kuper and Dr. N.S. Kroonenberg for their comments on an earlier version of this paper.     

我国上市公司财务状况行业分析——以汽车行业为例

文章以汽车行业为例,选取14项财务指标从中提取公因子,通过对28家样本公司横向比较,据以分析我国上市公司财务状况,评价其在该行业所处位置,藉此为各公司调整其财务管理目标,改善公司综合财务状况,提升公司行业竞争力提供决策依据.     

论财务风险的特征、管理及防范

企业财务风险具有不确定性、可分散性、转移性和决策性。财务风险是可以识别的,通过有效的财务风险管理可促进企业价值最大化。文章提出企业财务风险与收益模型,找出企业财务风险的最佳决策区间,并提出企业财务风险防范对策。     

财务外包风险控制研究

目前,我国的外包市场还处于起步阶段,但随着财务专业化市场的发展,财务外包必定是我国企业未来的发展趋势。因此,企业要做好财务外包决策,就要做好财务外包风险分析。本文从财务外包中的关键风险入手,提出控制策略,通过整体风险控制体系的设计,力争在最大程度上防范企业财务外包的风险,从而使企业财务外包发挥其应用的效益。