建立我国个人破产法律制度的思考

一、建立个人破产法律制度的必要性(1)建立个人破产制度是完善市场经济法律体系的需要。破产法则是调整优胜劣汰的重要法律机制或手段,目前我国破产法未确立个人破产制度。世界银行2000年对中国破产制度提出29条建议,其中一条建议新破产法一开始就应覆盖自然人破     

政府及内部审计执业资格制度研究

本文分析了我国政府和内部审计人员素质和工作质量不高的原因,探讨了政府和内部审计建立执业资格制度的必要性,在此基础上,对建立执业资格制度的可能性进行了分析。以期为建立政府和内部审计执业资格制度提供参考。     

政府及内部审计执业资格制度研究

本文分析了我国政府和内部审计人员素质和工作质量不高的原因，探讨了政府和内部审计建立执业资格制度的必要性，在此基础上，对建立执业资格制度的可能性进行了分析。以期为建立政府和内部审计执业资格制度提供参考。     

建立国有商业银行破产法律制度的思考

中国加入WTD以后,外国银行将逐步进入中国,我国国有商业银行面临着新的更加激烈的竞争和挑战,如果不能在竞争中取胜,就有可能破产和倒闭.由于银行破产相比一般企业的破产对整个国民经济的影响、危害大得多,因此,加强对我国国有商业银行破产预防以及完善商业银行破产法律制度,促进我国国有商业银行的健康发展,显得非常重要.本文拟就新形势下我国国有商业银行破产的可能性和危害性进行剖析,并提出建立破产法律制度,预防破产实际发生的浅见.     

财政分权、政府间关系与地方政府审计

我国于上世纪80年代开始在中央政府和地方政府之间实行财政分权,并于1994年进行了分税制改革,财政权力的重新安排意味着中央政府和地方政府之间形成了新的政府间关系。地方政府审计在财政分权制度下的作用体现在：一方面通过规范地方政府行为来稳定财政分权制度;另一方面通过最终解除中央政府的受托责任,增强中央政府的信誉。本文认为,财政分权视角下,地方政府审计应该以规范地方政府经济行为、提高地方政府服务质量为导向,建立多元化的审计主体结构,并完善地方政府审计公告制度。     

财政分权、政府间关系与地方政府审计

我国于上世纪80年代开始在中央政府和地方政府之间实行财政分权,并于1994年进行了分税制改革,财政权力的重新安排意味着中央政府和地方政府之间形成了新的政府间关系。地方政府审计在财政分权制度下的作用体现在:一方面通过规范地方政府行为来稳定财政分权制度;另一方面通过最终解除中央政府的受托责任,增强中央政府的信誉。本文认为,财政分权视角下,地方政府审计应该以规范地方政府经济行为、提高地方政府服务质量为导向,建立多元化的审计主体结构,并完善地方政府审计公告制度。     

关于商自然人破产能力的问题研究

确立商自然人破产能力有利于维护交易安全,保障法的公平价值.我国现行破产法实际上遵循的是企业破产主义,将商自然人破产排除在外.文章考察了商自然人破产能力的历史沿革,并从理论层面和现实层面探讨了我国建立商自然人破产制度的必要性.     

试析地方政府经济职能的越位——从尚德神话的破产说起

地方政府具有担负本地经济社会发展的重要职能,但是目前我国各地方政府经济职能越位的现象十分突出。本文结合尚德电力破产事件,对地方政府经济职能越位的表现及原因进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

地方政府投资体制改革及其合理化价值取向研究

在"十二五"期间,如何评价中国地方政府投资行为合理性?本文首先研究了中国地方政府投资管理体制的制度环境变迁及其存在的主要问题,并提出了一系列相应改革措施;其次,重点分析中国地方政府投资决策体制;同时对中国地方政府非正式决策体制基本特征,与正式决策体制关系,以及改革新动向进行了分析研究;最后,就地方政府投资管理的公共价值取向进行研究,从而提出中国地方政府投资行为合理化判断的基本标准。     

浅析日本财政金融改革下的地方政府债券市场

在当前欧洲主权债务危机愈演愈烈的背景下,政府破产这一在中国人难以想象的话题,开始逐渐为国人和学术界所讨论和研究,而与主权债务相比,地方政府的债务并不为人们所关注。日本作为世界重要的经济体,其正经历着深刻的财政金融改革,而其地方政府债券市场的管理和发展模式,值得我们进行研究和借鉴。本文将重点关注日本的财政金融体制改革下,日本地方政府债券市场的发展、变化及最新情况,以期为中国日益深化的财政金融改革提供给参考。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.