爱丁堡用文化经营城市

苏格兰首府爱丁堡的美,第一眼就能让你爱上她。她不张扬、不妖艳,被深厚文化浸润得优雅而端庄。在成功经营了58届爱丁堡艺术节之后,去年10月,爱丁堡被联合国教科文组织授予第一个“世界文学城市”的桂冠。     

苏格兰议会大厦的水泥墙

这次回到英国爱丁堡休假,除了去曾经生活的地方看看,在王子街公园草坪上坐上一会儿,仰望公园对面断崖上的爱丁堡城堡,指名要去的就只有新苏格兰议会大厦了。     

苏格兰议会大厦的水泥墙

这次回到英国爱丁堡休假，除了去曾经生活的地方看看，在王子街公园草坪上坐上一会儿，仰望公园对面断崖上的爱丁堡城堡，指名要去的就只有新苏格兰议会大厦了。     

行走不列颠

离开英伦已近半年。本以为不列颠的记忆会被天那边的海水稀释变淡,可它却一次次萦绕在我的梦里。印象深刻的是去年十二月去苏格兰。下火车时,天刚刚亮。刚下过雪,站台上依然能感受到凛冽的风,湿漉漉的城市笼罩在乌云底下。虽说是苏格兰首府,爱丁堡并不算大。城堡修筑     

苏格兰:重视劳动者权益企业可优先获得采购订单

＂在为苏格兰公共领域建设项目选择政府采购供应商时,我们会优先考虑那些为员工设立了最低工资标准的企业。＂英国苏格兰地方政府如是对外表示。苏格兰地方政府近期公布的新版政府采购指导方案指出,今后,苏格兰负责公共领域建设项目的部门在招标时要将企业劳动者权益水平纳入考核系统,其他如价格等选择政府采购供应商的条件依然有效。     

伊莎贝拉 一杯醇香的浪漫

浪漫的氤氲气氛,没有比红酒更贴合的了。 在浪漫的日子里,用伊莎贝拉制造＂一点点浪漫＂再合适不过了。 爱情,如同＂伊莎贝拉＂的红酒,历久弥新、芬芳醇厚。     

论“比”字句的否定问题

＂比＂字句包含着两个认知域：差异比较和比较结果。因此＂比＂字句应该有两种否定式＂没有＂句和＂不比＂句。＂没有＂句是对比字句比较结果的否定,而＂不比＂句是对比字句进行差异比较的否定。＂没有＂句和＂不比＂句跟比字句一起,构成了一个严谨的差异比较认知域。     

访欧散记(三)

苏格兰 从伦敦出发,经剑桥大学北上约克郡,2005年12月20日继续北往爱丁堡。路过英格兰北部最大城市纽卡斯尔。我是从英超足球赛上的纽卡斯尔队闻知这座城市的,是飞机制造基地,布莱尔首相的家乡,也是布莱尔当选议员投身政治的起点。Newcastle,意译是“新城堡”。     

问道武当

在这里 没有喧嚣的人市 没有车马机械的嘈杂 没有拥挤都市里的烦躁 没有人性的尔虞我诈 有的仅仅是那份＂静＂     

我当我心

在苏格兰的爱丁堡有一家与众不同的当铺。 当铺的名字是“当心当铺”。“心”怎么当？很简单，凡是来当铺的顾客只要带上自己的身份证明，然后在一张画有“心”的图案的契约上签下自己的名字，就可以从当铺领走100英镑。     

Building an alternative economic network? Consumer cooperation in Scotland from the 1870s to the 1960s†

There is growing interest in the ways in which, and the values according to which, economic activity is undertaken. For instance, mutual ownership has been identified as one means of helping to ‘redeem’ capitalism. This article engages with such issues by examining aspects of the behaviour of consumer cooperative societies in Scotland from the 1870s to the 1960s. It starts by discussing whether cooperatives represent a means of conceptualizing and undertaking economic activity that provides an alternative to the paradigm of investor‐led (neo)liberal capitalism. From this, and an outline history of consumer cooperatives in Scotland, it identifies two variables—dividend on purchases and funds for education—as proxies for the values underpinning cooperatives’ economic behaviour. Analysis of these variables indicates the existence of distinct cultures of cooperation, notably in the Glasgow and Edinburgh areas. The article concludes by offering two ‘lessons from history’ for those interested in alternative economic networks. The first is that cooperation can, and has, conceptualized and sustained an alternative to the dominant (neo)liberal economic paradigm. The second is that the scaling‐up of such voluntaristic economic thought and behaviour is unlikely to present a macro‐level challenge to it.     

成都市知识产权联盟发展路径研究

自国务院实施知识产权战略以来,知识产权作为推动科技创新的重要力量越来越得到社会各界的重视。知识产权联盟的发展,是深入推进知识产权战略的重要抓手之一。成都是全国首批知识产权示范城市,有发展知识产权联盟的较好基础。从技术转移联盟,细分产业知识产权联盟和产业园区知识产权服务联盟三个层面多种形式,构建起城市完整的知识产权联盟体系,将对成都市的知识产权工作带来新的机遇和挑战。     

调控背景下的地方融资平台发展战略转型研究

2010年6月,国务院下发了《关于加强地方政府融资平台管理有关问题的通知》后地方融资平台面临着城市基础设施建设融资困难且原有融资渠道受限的两难局面。本文基于此背景,对地方融资平台发展战略转型,探索城市经营模式提出相关建议。     

温州金融改革

2012年3月28日,温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议,决定设立浙江省温州市金融综合改革试验区,并确定了温州市金融综合改革的十二项主要任务。这个重大事件标志着中国金融改革的前奏,中国未来的金融改革也将会在温州金融改革的试验中循序渐进。     

Local Responses to Long-term Unemployment: Delivering Access to Employment in Edinburgh

This paper examines locally developed policy responses to long-term unemployment in the city of Edinburgh: a labour market characterised by relatively low-unemployment and generally high levels of demand. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with 115 long-term unemployed people residing in the city, the paper first analyses the complex combination of barriers to work faced by members of this client group. Two recent labour market initiatives, developed by the local authority in partnership with other public and third sector agencies and (in one case) major employers, are then discussed. It is suggested that this locally focused, partnership-based approach may provide a useful model for local policy responses to long-term unemployment, particularly in buoyant labour markets.     

The survival of apartheid's last town council in Groblersdal,South Africa

The reconfiguration of South Africa's internal territorial spaces after 1990 was a logical outcome of the need to undo the effects of decades of territorial dismemberment under apartheid. In spite of the spatial reordering of areas which were controlled and administered by town councils established during apartheid, the Town Council of Groblersdal and its area of jurisdiction have remained unchanged up to the time of writing. This article attempts to explain and analyse the survival of the town council of Groblersdal in the Northern Province. It argues that the town council used the vacuum created by the provincial boundary dispute between Mpumalanga and the Northern Province to maintain the status quo in spite of legal struggles to determine its political future.     

基于规划项目属性分类的配电网精确投资策略研究

城市配电网是电网的重要组成部分，直接面向终端用户，与广大人民群众的生产生活息息相关，是服务民生的重要基础设施，《国务院关于加强城市基础设施建设的意见》中明确提出要进一步加强城市配电网建设。配电网投资逐年递增，针对目前存在的资金难以合理分配、投资均衡性差以及配网项目缺乏明确的评价和比选标准等问题， 提出了基于规划项目属性分类的配电网投资分配及项目优选实用方法。基于实际工程，确定了规划项目的优选排序原则，提出了排序模型；综合考虑该评价体系所得的项目群，提出了评价指标体系的优化方法；以投资分配比例为约束，确定了配电网的项目优选结果；实例分析结果验证了研究成果的有效性。     

Credit,reputation, and masculinity in British urban commerce: Edinburgh,c. 1710–70 1

This article draws on cases of public insult from the Edinburgh consistory court to explore constructions of credit and reputation during the eighteenth century. Scotland's unique legal context offers new insights into the honour of men and women, replacing the received view that female honour was almost entirely about sexual honour and complicating our understanding of male honour among the middling sort. In contrast to studies that view the credit of men and women as principally contradictory, this study instead identifies significant points of both overlap and divergence in male and female reputation and discusses honour as a family matter. Unlike in England, levels of defamation litigation in Scotland remained high through the eighteenth century, and both the social composition of defamation litigants and the types of insult they brought to court remained consistent. However, the forms and settings of disputes over honour changed, reflecting the interiorization of conflict as the eighteenth century progressed.     

INSTITUTIONAL WAGE EFFECTS: REVISITING UNION AND BARGAINING COUNCIL WAGE PREMIA IN SOUTH AFRICA

The literature on the union wage gap in South Africa is extensive, spanning a range of data sets and methodologies. There is, however, little consensus on the appropriate method to correct for the endogeneity of union membership or the size of the union wage gap. Furthermore, there are very few studies on the bargaining council wage premium in South Africa because of lack of data on the coverage of employees under these agreements. Our study, using 2005 Labour Force Survey data, firstly reconsiders the union wage gap controlling for both firm‐level and job characteristics. When correcting for the endogeneity of union status through a two‐stage selection model and including firm size, type of employment, and non‐wage benefits, we find a much lower union wage premium for African workers in the formal sector than premiums reported in some previous studies. Secondly, our study estimates bargaining council wage premiums for the private and public sectors. We find that extension procedures are present in both private and public bargaining council systems but that unions negotiate for additional gains for their members at the plant level. Furthermore, there is some evidence that unions negotiate for awards for their members in the private sector irrespective of bargaining council coverage.     

京津冀区域梯度差的城市引力分析

一般来说,协调发展是区域经济发展的最高目标,而减小区域梯度差,使区域内各经济实体协调发展,也是京津冀城市群未来发展的目标。在我国的三大城市群中,京津冀城市群一直没有形成特色鲜明的二级经济中心城市,使得京津冀区域发展不平衡性明显,形成了明显的区域梯度差。本文基于城市引力模型,计算河北省各市与京津地区的城市引力值的大小,按城市引力值的大小,对河北省各个城市进行排序,形成不同的城市层级。吸引力最大形成第一层级,吸引力次大形成第二层级,吸引力较小的形成第三层级。然后针对不同引力、不同层级的城市给出产业政策或经济政策方面的建议,最终促进京津冀区域的协调发展。