受托责任观下的企业年金基金会计模式

本文对中国企业年金信托型治理结构中的代理问题和受托责任进行了分析,认为加强信息披露有助于改善企业年金基金治理。新颁布的企业年金基金准则,旨在规范企业年全基金向利益相关方披露财务状况、受托运营业绩和受托责任履行情况等方面的信息。然而,企业和企业年金基金这两个不同的会计主体在确认、计量和列报等方面存在诸多差异。本文从财务报告目标、会计要素的确认和计量、财务报表、应付受益人待遇、会计与报告主体、会计确认基础六个角度对比进行分析评价,并提出相关的建议。     

基金业绩影响因素研究——基于基金经理特征视角

通过对基金经理特征与基金业绩关系的实证研究考察了年龄、性别、任期、工作经历、银行背景、教育背景、资格证书等经理特征对基金业绩的影响。实证结果表明,年龄、任期、MBA与基金业绩负相关,银行经历与基金业绩正相关,博士学历反而没有硕士学历的经理基金业绩好,女性经理业绩强于男性,工作经历对业绩影响不大,CFA证书持有者业绩略好,金融专业背景经理业绩强于其他专业。研究还发现,硕士毕业于国内排名前十位高校的基金经理管理的业绩,获得比其他经理管理的基金高出13.6%-15.4%的投资收益率。研究结论表明,较高的人力资本和社会资本有利于基金业绩的提升,而经验资本影响不大。     

Evaluating mutual funds on a small market: is benchmark selection crucial?

This paper focuses on mutual fund performance analysis on a small market during a turbulent period. Firstly, we address the question of proper measures and benchmarks. A potentially critical issue on a small market concerns large market weights for individual stocks, which in combination with mutual fund legislation may prevent funds from following the index. Secondly, our investigation period was characterized by persistent bull and bear markets, which makes it interesting to investigate whether successful market timing was possible. Different measures of performance are compared and benchmark sensitivity is analysed with the help of various market timing and multiple index models, including benchmarks such as the FOX and HEX indices, a small-firm index, and a bond index. Contrary to many studies that record great benchmark sensitivity, we find markedly similar ranking for different benchmarks. Performance measures are also related to certain fund characteristics such as fund expenses, and fund size. We find that fund characteristics (especially fund expenses) are significantly related to fund performance, a relationship that may be used to increase the power of tests of fund performance.     

开放式基金和基金家族业绩持续性研究

我国证券投资基金快速发展,从属于同一家基金管理公司的单个基金越来越多,形成基金家族。本文研究从单个基金和基金家族的整体两个层面,采用实证检验方法对其业绩持续性进行研究,研究表明我国开放式基金仅具有短期的业绩持续性,而基金家族的整体业绩不存在持续性,籍此结果提示投资者不应仅仅关注基金的短期业绩,应更多关注基金的长期业绩表现,规避投资中对家族和规模的偏好,关注高价值基金,才能最大程度保障资金安全和自身的利益。     

Impact of investor sentiment on mutual fund risk taking and performance: evidence from China

ABSTRACT

This study provides empirical rationale and guidance for incorporating investor sentiment into mutual fund enterprise information systems. It investigates the effect of fund-specific investor sentiment on fund risk taking and performance. Working on a sample of equity funds in China, our panel regressions reveal that fund risk-taking is negatively related to lagged fund-specific investor sentiment. Investor sentiment is negatively linked to subsequent fund performance, which conforms with the dumb money effect. Encouragingly, there is evidence that mutual fund managers in China possess investing expertise. Fund-specific investor sentiment shows asymmetric impacts. The dumb money effect is primarily driven by positive sentiment.     

何种特征属性决定了基金经理的业绩提升

本文研究了基金经理特征对其业绩的影响及解释力,发现基金经理的业绩具有一定的持续性,其职业稳定性对基金业绩的提升是必要的,在基金公司内部出于管理或人事安排的需要进行频繁的岗位轮换或人员搭配往往不能起到理想的预期效果,但基金经理来自其他基金公司的从业经历却有助于其业绩提升;一定的证券从业经验对基金经理的业绩提升是必要的,但并不意味着从业时间越长,就能获得越好的业绩表现;没有证据表明基金经理学历、历任基金经理的持续时间对其业绩提升有显著的贡献,但性别对基金业绩有着显著的影响。研究表明基金公司在选拔和任用基金经理时,秉持“业绩至上”的原则是必要的,但不能过度沉溺于“经验至上”的迷信,不同经验对基金经理的业绩提升有着不同的影响,需要区别对待。     

企业年金基金委托投资效率的模拟实证分析

文章根据《企业年金基金管理试行办法》的有关规定,对企业年金基金委托投资后的效率进行了模拟实证分析。比较了不同投资管理模式下的投资绩效,分析了委托费用率对企业年金基金委托投资绩效与企业年金目标替代率的影响。     

住房公积金运营绩效审计评价指标体系研究

缺乏一套科学合理、权威公认的绩效评价指标体系,是当前制约公共资金绩效审计的理论瓶颈和实践难题。基于开展住房公积金绩效审计的实践,选择住房公积金作为研究对象,运用修正后的平衡记分卡基本原理,从居民满意、内部管理、持续发展和财务结果四个维度构建住房公积金运营绩效审计评价指标体系框架及17个具体指标,并用模拟数据说明如何运用该指标体系进行绩效评价,不仅对如何开展住房公积金绩效审计具有理论价值和实践意义,而且对开展其他公共资金绩效审计评价也能起到举一反三的借鉴作用。     

Emerging market mutual fund performance: Evidence for Poland

This paper provides evidence on the performance of mutual funds in a prominent emerging market; Poland. Studying an emerging market provides an excellent opportunity to test whether the consensus on the inability of mutual funds in developed and highly efficient markets to beat the market, also holds in less efficient markets. While the weaknesses of legal institutions and underdeveloped capital markets in emerging countries could negatively contribute to performance, a certain level of market inefficiency might also enable fund managers to successfully apply security selection and therefore beat the market. This paper presents an overview of the Polish mutual fund industry and investigates mutual fund performance using a survivorship bias controlled sample of 140 funds. The latter is done using the Carhart (1997) 4-factor asset-pricing model. In addition, we investigate whether Polish fund managers exhibit “hot hands”, persistence in performance. Finally the influence of fund characteristics on risk-adjusted performance is considered. Our overall results suggest that Polish mutual funds on average are not able to add value, as indicated by their negative net alphas. Interestingly, domestic funds outperform internationally investing funds, which points at informational advantages of local over foreign investors. Finally, we detect strong persistence in mean returns up to 1 year. It is striking that “winning” funds are able to significantly beat the market, based on their significantly positive alpha's. These results deviate from studies on developed markets that conclude that even past winners are not able to significantly beat the market.     

关于电费预收管理的应用思考

电费收入是电网生产、发展的主要资金来源,能否及时回收是经营成果顺利实现和资金正常周转循环的重要保障。本文以供电企业电费回收存在的困难为前提,重点探讨预收电费的合法性,阐述了如何规范运用好电费预收管理的形式,促进企业及时回收电费资金。     

Market conditions and the effect of diversification on mutual fund performance: should funds be more concentrative under crisis?

This paper investigates the non-monotonic and non-linear effect of diversification on mutual fund performance. We apply a frontier-based efficiency measure, the stochastic frontier approach, to estimate fund efficiency and the benefit of diversification. The empirical results indicate that concentration strategy may not be appropriate for fund managers, and the benefit of diversification disappears or negatively affects performance when a fund holds too large a number of different stocks. Moreover, this paper examines whether market conditions moderate the relation between diversification and fund performance. The result shows that the benefit of diversification increases within low market return, high market volatility, and financial crisis, implying that the number of stocks needed to achieve a well-diversified portfolio increases under such market conditions.     

浅谈财政专项资金效益审计的重点及方法

本文从财政专项资金项目的申报立项、资金流向、管理活动、制度运作、资金使用、效益产出等方面的审计探讨了财政专项资金效益审计的重点内容与方法，提出了开展财政专项资金效益审计的一些新思路。     

Improved inference in the evaluation of mutual fund performance using panel bootstrap methods

Two new methodologies are introduced to improve inference in the evaluation of mutual fund performance against benchmarks. First, the benchmark models are estimated using panel methods with both fund and time effects. Second, the non-normality of individual mutual fund returns is accounted for by using panel bootstrap methods. We also augment the standard benchmark factors with fund-specific characteristics, such as fund size. Using a dataset of UK equity mutual fund returns, we find that fund size has a negative effect on the average fund manager’s benchmark-adjusted performance. Further, when we allow for time effects and the non-normality of fund returns, we find that there is no evidence that even the best performing fund managers can significantly out-perform the augmented benchmarks after fund management charges are taken into account.     

我国住房公积金的法律属性及其管理模式研究

住房公积金始终被理所当然地看作是公司对职工所要履行的义务,原因在于《住房公积金管理条例》中的规定是与税收征缴管理类似的行政法,其规定住房公积金算不算公共财产,需不需要公权力的强行介入,这些问题一定要从住房公积金的法律属性入手。论文旨在研究我国住房公积金的管理模式。     

Investor behavior in the mutual fund industry: evidence from gross flows

Using a large sample of monthly gross flows from 1997 to 2003, we uncover several previously undocumented regularities in investor behavior. First, investor purchases and sales produce fund-level gross flows that are highly persistent. Persistence in fund flows dominates performance as a predictor of future fund flows. More importantly, failing to account for flow persistence leads to incorrect inferences with respect to the relation between performance and flows. Second, we document that investors react differently to performance depending on the type of fund, and that investor trading activity produces meaningful differences in the persistence of fund flows across mutual fund types. Third, at least some investors appear to evaluate and respond to mutual fund performance over much shorter time spans than previously assessed. Additionally, we document differences in the speed and magnitude of investors’ purchase and sales responses to performance.     

Examining the behavior of renewable‐energy fund investors

Mutual fund investors could contribute to sustainable development by encouraging fund managers to channel their savings into the funding of sustainable energy projects adopted by firms. This study examines whether renewable‐energy investors take into account financial and/or nonfinancial factors when making the decision to invest in a specific fund, comparing their investment behavior with that of black‐energy and conventional investors. To this end, we have gathered information about 4,368 mutual funds (76 renewable‐energy funds, 109 black‐energy funds, and 4,183 conventional mutual funds) from January 2007 to December 2017. For this sample, we adopt a panel‐data approach with Petersen's standard errors clustered by fund and year. Our results indicate that renewable‐energy fund investors are less sensitive to past financial performance than are black‐energy and conventional fund investors, indicating that the former derive their utility from nonfinancial attributes whereas black‐energy investors derive their utility from a conditional multiattribute and conventional fund investors derive their utility from financial attributes.     

住房公积金系统绩效管理体系构建实证分析

基于某市公积金管理中心的调查研究,针对公积金中心实施绩效管理中存在的诸多问题,提出公积金系统绩效管理体系构建,包括建立MBK绩效考评指标体系,再造绩效管理系统流程,建立有效的反馈机制等方面。     

Mutual fund performance: The decision quality and capital magnet efficiencies

This study employs a two-stage network data envelopment analysis model to analyze the decision quality and capital magnet efficiencies of 155 mutual funds in Taiwan during the period 2007–2016. The empirical results show that fund managers improved their decision quality; however, their capital magnet efficiency declined. This study also found 10 mutual funds performing in decision quality and capital magnet efficiencies, from which practical suggestions are provided to investors. Finally, this study constructs a market competition matrix to help fund managers (and investors) improve their operating and portfolio performance, plus resource allocation.     

Understanding why people do not give: strategic funding concerns for AIDS‐related nonprofits

• In this increasingly competitive environment for the individual donor's time and money, it is especially important for AIDS‐related nonprofits to understand why people choose not to give. Voluntary donations to organizations serving persons with HIV/AIDS could be negatively influenced by the social stigma that continues to be associated with the disease. Using the empathy‐altruism hypothesis from social psychology, the impact of gender, homosexuality, promiscuity, and drug use on donor cognitive situational empathy, emotional situational empathy, and altruism is examined. The findings have significant implications for nonprofits. Understanding the impact of these behaviors on giving is a first step in gauging the magnitude of challenges that AIDS‐related nonprofits may face in fund‐raising activities. Additionally, this information should be invaluable in the development of educational and/or promotional strategies to increase private sector support. Finally, initiatives in communication and marketing strategy are discussed to improve fund‐raising efforts.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fund immunity to the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Chinese equity funds

This paper discusses the connection between public equity fund characteristics and performance reactions to COVID-19 using data over 1300 equity funds across 105 Chinese fund companies. Empirical evidences from over 20 fund characteristics show that the liquidity, diversification and pre-2020 Sharpe ratio, fund management abilities, agency costs can determine the fund immunity to COVID-19. Based on these characteristics mentioned, our empirical results can explain why COVID-19-induced drop in fund performance is milder among open-end funds, active funds, ETFs, and growth funds, and also can explain why funds controlled by private companies or by sino-foreign joint ventures or by companies with more independent directors of financial experiences perform better in the pandemic. Our work also provides some valuable suggestions for investors and regulators confronting an exogenous shock.