Suitability evaluation of regional coastal ecotourism based on SOM neural network model:a case study of Qingdao,Yantai,Weihai and Rizhao of Shandong Province

Development of coastal ecotourism has been a,focus of Shandong government, and the suitability evaluation of regional eoastai ecotourism is crucial for the reasonable plan and sustainable development of Shandong coastal ecotourism. By using MATLAB language to establish a SOM neural network model, this＇ paper evaluates the eoastal ecotourism suitability of four regions, Qingdao. Yantai, Weihai and Rizhao of Shandong Province and divides 33 subordinate regions of those four cities into four categories, i.e. regions poorly suitable for ecotourism resources, regions highly suitable for coastal ecotourism, regions secondly suitable for coastal ecotourism, regions ordinarily suitable.for coastal ecotourism, Related suggestions on development of regional coastal ecotourism have been given in the final conclusions.     

Ecotourism certification and its progress in China

Since the middle 1990s, ecotourism certification has been given more and more attention to around the world.As a developing country with abundant ecotourism products, it is necessary for China to adopt certification to ensuresustainable development of ecotourism. But there are few products certificated until now in China. After reviewing thetrend of ecotourism certification in the world and summarizing its theory and method, this paper analyzes the progressand prospect of ecotourism certification in China, and concludes that certification in China is necessary and promising.     

中甸县发展生态旅游对策

中甸县拥有丰富的生态旅游资源,旅游业已成为该县新兴的支柱产业。但在旅游业繁荣的同时,也带来了一系列的环境问题,威胁着中甸县生态旅游业的可持续发展。本文分析了中甸县生态旅游存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策措施以确保中甸县生态旅游的可持续发展。     

湿地资源生态旅游发展分析及可持续管理模式研究

湿地作为世界上生产力最高的生态体系之一,具有巨大的生态效益和经济效益,也以其独特的自然和文化景观为生态旅游提供了有利条件。本文通过对我国湿地资源概况及功能、湿地生态旅游发展状况的分析,指出我国湿地资源丰富,开展生态旅游前景广阔,同时提出了适合我国国情的湿地生态旅游可持续利用管理体系,以期为全面开发湿地生态旅游资源,发挥湿地的经济和生态综合效益,实现湿地资源的可持续利用提供参考。     

茶园生态旅游资源可持续开发模式研究

茶园生态旅游是近年来新兴的农业生态旅游项目。中国的茶园旅游资源非常丰富,但其开发由于缺乏科学的指导,还存在一些问题。文章介绍了中国茶园生态旅游资源的特征,分析了茶园生态旅游资源开发的现状,在此基础上探讨了茶园生态旅游资源可持续开发的模式并提出可持续开发实施的保障措施。     

SWOT分析在生态旅游项目中的应用

本文在对生态旅游项目进行研究的前提下,针对生态旅游中有可能出现的问题,结合王朗国家级自然保护区和雪宝顶国家级自然保护区两个实例,讨论SWOT分析在生态旅游项目中的应用,并对分析后提出的解决问题的方案和效果进行了初步研究.     

城口县生态旅游可持续发展对策研究

城口县属于我国西部贫困地区,位于三峡生态经济区。该地区生态环境几乎未遭受任何破坏,拥有众多高质量、高品位的旅游资源,极具发展生态旅游的优势。文章根据生态旅游可持续发展的一般原理,结合城口县发展生态旅游的优势分析,提出了城口县生态旅游分区域开发构想和生态旅游可持续发展的对策。     

Research on the sustainable development of ecotourism in protected areas： a review

Due to the unique function of protected areas in species and nature resources conservation, sustainability has become the primary consideration in the development of ecotourism in protected areas. This paper focuses on this issue, and reviews the current literatures in this field, tries to give a comprehensive review which can also be organized in logical sense, classifies three major paradigms about the current research： research on the development of ecotourism in protected areas, research on the external indicators which affect the sustainability of ecotourism in protected areas, researches on the assessment of sustainability of ecotourism in protected areas, and finally points out that the further study in this field must be carried out by inter-disciplines, such as cultural economics and ecological economics.     

重庆市生态旅游开发与可持续发展

重庆市开发生态旅游条件优越,生态旅游资源丰富多样,分布广泛,且与人文旅游资源匹配,利用生态旅游资源优势,开发返朴归真生态旅游,森林生态旅游,农业生态旅游,生态科考险旅游等多种生态旅游,促进重庆市社会经济与旅游业的可持续发展。     

黄山市生态旅游开发的初步研究

本文首先对生态旅游资源进行界定,认为生态旅游资源包括自然生态旅游资源和人文生态旅游资源两大部分。在此基础上,分析了黄山市生态旅游资源的基本特征,对黄山市开发生态旅游的必要性进行讨论。最后,对黄山市生态旅游开发提出几点建议。     

试论生态旅游资源的脆弱性及其保护

生态旅游近年来发展迅猛,得到了人们的参与和喜爱。但是,越来越多的资料显示：生态旅游资源破坏严重。因此应引起人们的关注和思考。本文在分析生态旅游资源脆弱性的界定、认识、表现、产生原因基础上,提出解决方案。     

实施生态旅游认证的紧迫性

生态旅游在当今世界旅游业中已成为一个热点，受到各国政府的重视和关心。生态旅游是未来旅游发展的方向。但在我国，进行过生态旅游认证的旅游景点几乎没有。本文在论述有关生态旅游内涵、特征、目标和原则的基础上，指出在我国开展生态旅游认证的紧迫性，并分析开展生态旅游认证对实现人与自然和谐与统一、推动旅游业可持续发展的意义。     

社区发展为生态旅游地的关键因素分析——基于管理观点的探讨

文章基于管理的观点,对社区发展成为生态旅游地的关键因素进行了分析,报告了社区发展生态旅游的管理内涵。通过对生态旅游专家和学者的访谈,分析得出社区应会同生态旅游专家或学者进行社区生态旅游发展成本与优势的评估,制定出社区与内部生态旅游业者之间的生态旅游公约,强化生态旅游运作上的专门服务窗口;社区需致力于提高地方居民参与生态旅游组织的比率,外部的专业指导团队则应于社区发展生态旅游的初期深化指导涉入程度;应强调社区生态旅游解说员培训的专业化与系统性,以及生态旅游解说员认证机制的专业化与一致性,且社区生态旅游组织重要干部应具备产业营销能力;社区应将人工设施降至最低并采用天然建材,且强调社区的生态旅游所得为所有社区居民带来发展生态旅游的益处。     

恢复生态理论在生态旅游中的应用

本文将恢复生态理论与方法引入生态旅游中．探讨受损生态旅游系统恢复的理论基础、主要原则以及恢复时间，并在阐述恢复生态理论在生态旅游开发与规划中的作用的同时，建立了恢复生态理论在生态旅游中应用的多目标非线性规划模型。     

A model of deep ecotourism development and its empirical study

Ecotourism requires the harmony of all factors involved in tourism system for a multilateral benefit. Based on such cognition, a concept of deep ecotourism development is put forward which includes two connotations： on the one hand, it should give prominence to the display of the eco-culture of the tourist destination and tourists＇ eco-experience, in which way the development behavior on the tourist destination and the tourists＇ behavior will be regulated; on the other hand, it implies the deep harmony among tourist entrepreneurs and tourists, the local governments and the local residents, as well as tourist activities and the ecological environment in the tourism development for the multilateral benefit of every element involved and sustainable tourism development. The common sense is that the degrees in a certain tourism destination will differ and that consequently four levels of ecotourism are divided - very shallow ecotourism, shallow ecotourism, deep ecotourism and very deep ecotourism. To move shallow ecotourism toward deep one, two models of ＂four subjects and two wings＂ and ＂connecting the two wings＂ of deep ecotourism development system are introduced to make ecotourism industry favorable to the display of eco-culture and the sustainable development of the destination community. With the two models, a case study of ecotourism development in Louguantai National Forest Park was made as a demonstration. The ultimate purpose is to build an ideal new Shangri-La.     

生态旅游地域系统与旅游地可持续发展探讨

从系统论的角度来说，生态旅游地可持续发展是一项系统工程，其实质是要求生态旅游地域系统整体实现良性循环和协调运行，因此，生态旅游地可持续发展规划也是旅游地域系统结构优化过程。     

生态旅游理论创新与中国生态旅游示范区标准问题探讨

本文基于科学发展观和生态旅游根本宗旨的认识,认为生态旅游理念需要密切联系国情不断创新,从理论与实践两方面与时俱进,拓展生态旅游内涵。同时,明确提出生态旅游是旅游系统生态化的观点,进而完善了旅游生态工程概念,并就我国生态旅游认证和生态旅游示范区建设标准进行了探讨。     

环贡嘎山山地生态旅游带联合开发刍议

本文分析了环贡嘎山山地生态旅游资源的联合开发的优势,提出了区域联合、整体协进、统一规划、严格保护、合理开发、可持续发展的战略思想,指出了战略重点,并提出了联合开发的措举。     

基于生态旅游产业簇群理论的西部地区旅游产业发展对策

在产业簇群理论、旅游生态学和旅游地理学等理论基础上提出生态旅游产业簇群理论,包括生态旅游产业簇群的概念、成因、特征和发展动力。根据西部地区旅游产业发展现状,就发展生态旅游产业簇群,对西部地区旅游产业竞争力的影响进行分析,并从政府部门、行业组织和旅游企业主体三个角度提出发展西部地区生态旅游产业簇群的途径与对策。     

Contribution of international ecotourism to comprehensive economic development and convergence in the Central American and Caribbean region

Drawing on the positive experience from Costa Rica, the study examines whether international ecotourism makes a significant contribution to comprehensive economic development for the Central American and Caribbean region and contributes to comprehensive economic convergence. Following a standard empirical growth model, a dynamic panel regression model is estimated using time-series data from 1995 until 2012 for a cross section of seven countries. The interaction of international tourism and various established sustainability indicators is employed allowing ecotourism to be consistently quantified across countries, while numerous country-specific structural characteristics are controlled for. The estimation results show that international ecotourism has a statistically significant positive effect on both traditional economic development (real GDP per capita) and comprehensive economic development (adjusted net savings; ANS per capita), which is a measure of a society’s potential future well-being, thus providing evidence in support of the tourism-led growth hypothesis and pointing towards an important role for ecotourism in driving comprehensive economic convergence.