旅游服务业社会化媒体营销新趋势——意见领袖与微电影营销

社会化媒体的发展为旅游服务业营销带来了空间的机遇,目前旅游服务业利用社会化媒体营销出现了意见领袖营销和微电影营销两种新趋势.旅游服务的信息来源可以分为商业来源和社会来源两大类.商业信息来源指的是旅游目的地或旅游企业或旅游组织设计的广告或其他促销材料;社会信息来源指的就是人与人之间的信息传播渠道,通常包括影响顾客行为的五种人际信息:文化或亚文化、参照群体、社会阶层、意见领袖和家庭.由于社会信息来源与信息本身没有既定的利益关系,旅游消费者通常认为人际信息比旅游服务组织发出的信息更客观和精确,从而认为人际信息更可信,在购买和决策时对人际来源的信息依赖程度更高.旅游营销者可充分利用意见领袖(俗称"达人")的影响力进行营销传播,吸引旅游者的关注.     

金融危机背景下政府旅营销研究

面对金融危机给旅游业带来的不利局面,各地政府纷纷出台措施提振旅游业。短时间内,各地以"旅游券"为载体、以降价促销为主要手段的政府旅游营销迅速缓解了旅游业所面临的巨大压力,起到了立竿见影的效果;长远来看,各地政府在应对危机中所采取的旅游营销举措也暴露出一些系统性缺陷。本文根据无锡调研数据,研究国民休闲旅游与目的地营销因素间的关系,分析发现:价格因素只是旅游者进行旅游决策时考虑的因素之一,降价促销只有与广告宣传、节事活动、目的地形象口碑、服务体验质量等因素相结合才能更好的发挥作用。本文根据旅游者人口统计和营销响应特征对目的地休闲旅游市场进行细分,并在此基础上系统提出当前目的地政府旅游营销策略。     

影视旅游:旅游目的地营销推广新方式

电影电视中出现的旅游目的地会影响旅游者的旅游兴趣,促成旅游行为。绝大多数现有文献是研究影视旅游对于目的地旅游者数量和对旅游者决策过程的影响和作用,也有探索影视作品对于旅游目的地旅游形象的影响的。由此说明影视旅游是可以作为一种推广旅游目的地的营销新方式。影视旅游之所以成为营销工具,相关旅游地的旅游形象在其中起了重要作用。本文在现有文献理论和实证研究的基础上,分析论述了影视旅游作为营销方式的特点和原理,结合影视作品的拍摄和放映两个阶段,探讨了在每个阶段影视旅游营销工作的重点和形式。     

基于弱连带优势的旅游博客营销初探

Web2.0潮流掀起旅游信息流传递模式的革命性转变,从旅游企业到旅游者的信息流传递转变成从旅游者到旅游者的信息流传递.正是基于旅游信息流传递模式从"强关系"向"弱关系"的改变,旅游消费行为模式也从"被动引导型"向"主动体验型"的转变,随即带来整个旅游业营销态势的巨大变化.     

价值观与旅游消费行为关系研究进展与启示

价值观是影响旅游者消费心理和行为的重要因素.内隐性价值观与外显性旅游消费行为关系的研究路径可以归纳为"由内而外"(价值观→行为)和"由外而内"(行为→价值观)两种路径,不同研究路径的视角、目的和方法等存在一定差异.现有的价值观与旅游消费行为关系的研究成果,主要集中在旅游者价值观的界定和度量、旅游市场细分、旅游活动偏好、价值观对旅游消费行为影响等方面,并回顾了中国旅游者价值观研究.中国消费者价值观与旅游行为关系研究应具有中国情境化特征,理论建构要嵌入中国社会文化现实和具体消费情境,从主位研究视角发展旅游者价值观概念,将定量和质性研究方法相结合,增强价值观对旅游消费行为影响的解释力,加强对不同群体和区域消费者个人价值观与旅游行为关系的研究.价值观与旅游消费行为关系的中国情境化取向研究,有助于从价值观视角揭示中国旅游者行为的规律,为企业开展价值观驱动的旅游营销活动提供理论指导.     

旅游数字营销研究述评与未来展望——基于Web of science和中国知网数据库

随着数字化时代的到来,旅游数字营销领域的研究成果快速增加,但尚未对研究现状予以整体回顾,这不利于该领域研究的纵深推进。文章基于Web of science和中国知网数据库,通过梳理143篇中文文献、278篇英文文献的内容,从旅游市场调研、旅游产品策略、旅游定价策略、旅游促销与渠道策略四个方面展开述评,系统概括了旅游数字营销研究现状,并在此基础上结合现有研究问题,提出未来学术界可具体从构建数字营销组合框架,研究旅游产品组合和定价,推进旅游数字化内容营销,探讨旅游者在数字营销中的多元角色等方面进行深入研究。     

旅游购物体验要素对顾客价值及其满意和购买意向的影响

旅游者进行高质量的旅游体验并实现其体验价值是其旅游的重要目的.旅游购物是旅游过程的一个重要环节,也是旅游体验的组成部分.本文剖析了旅游者购物过程中的顾客价值的两个构成维度--旅游体验价值和商品感知价值,研究发现旅游者购物体验的4个要素对顾客价值有重要的影响作用,顾客价值对旅游者购物满意和购买意向具有很强的影响力.     

旅游者感知价值模型、测度与实证研究

感知价值是竞争优势的新源泉.本文通过剖析顾客感知价值理论及研究进展,致力于构建旅游者感知价值的结构模型,探讨旅游者如何形成对旅游经历价值的感知.实证研究以内地居民"香港游"为例,验证理论模型及其假设,开发出旅游者感知价值测评量表,为旅游地管理实践提供了一个实用测量工具.     

强关系网络移动社交平台旅游分享行为研究——基于微信与QQ用户的资料分析

在移动社交媒体时代,旅游分享已成为当下旅游者的行为偏好,越来越多的旅游者选择微信、QQ这类强关系移动社交平台进行分享。国内学界对移动社交平台旅游分享行为的研究随之日增,但少有文章从理论上系统地揭示旅游分享行为的过程与动因。文章采用扎根理论研究方法,构建反映强关系网络移动社交平台的旅游分享动态过程理论模型。将旅游分享行为动态过程划分为分享前因、分享实现与分享结果3个阶段,总结每个阶段的行为特征、表现方式及阶段之间的演替规律,并探讨这类旅游分享行为的特点与动因。研究发现,在旅游分享动机上,强关系移动社交平台强调情感联结与互动,从而旅游者受到与个体相关动机的影响更为显著;分享内容上,平台的强关系特性与熟人社交促使旅游者尽量避免分享负面信息;分享结果上,强关系移动社交平台的旅游分享能调节旅游者行中、行后的体验水平,并形成兼具网络时空拓展性与熟人圈规模局限性的口碑传播。     

基于Logistic增长模型的旅游目的地品牌流行度分析

明确旅游目的地品牌流行度生命周期的演化阶段对于目的地政府和营销人员制定相应的开发和营销策略具有重要的参考价值和现实意义.本文着重探究了目的地品牌流行度演化周期的各个阶段的特征表现和与之对应的游客情感联系的演变及目的地的地域表现特征,并以大连市为例,运用Logistic增长模型对其品牌流行度的演化周期进行了定量的模拟预测,针对大连市品牌流行度所处的阶段及将来的演化方向提出了对策和建议.     

国外旅游目的地营销研究综述

本文对国外旅游目的地营销研究进行综述.近10年来国外研究主要涉及旅游目的地形象、旅游目的地营销组织、旅游目的地促销、信息技术与目的地营销4大方面.文章在简要评述我国旅游目的地营销研究现状的基础上,结合国外研究情况,认为强化实证研究及定量分析、旅游目的地品牌及定位研究、旅游目的地营销组织、信息技术的促进作用和旅游目的地营销绩效评价应是我国近期旅游目的地营销研究的主要方向.     

A multilevel analysis of the service marketing triangle in theme parks

ABSTRACT

This study explores multilevel relationships between employees and visitors within 25 theme parks in Taiwan. The adapted constructs with corresponding items of interactive, internal, and external marketing were developed based on the service marketing triangle theory and previous literature. The results show that interactive marketing influences visitor satisfaction and behavioral intentions; internal marketing influences interactive marketing, and moderates the effect of interactive marketing on satisfaction; external marketing influences satisfaction; and satisfaction affects behavioral intentions. This study demonstrates that examining the influence of cross-level service marketing on internal and external customer satisfaction is crucial to the operational success of theme parks.     

Web-based permission marketing: Segmentation for the lodging industry

Permission marketing is becoming an important tool in maintaining relationships with travelers via the Internet. Its growing importance can be seen in tourism marketing, specifically in the lodging industry. With an increase in industry use, the effectiveness of this technique needs assessment. This paper initiates this process by examining current methods used to collect contact information for the purpose of permission marketing. Three segments of the market are identified and compared based upon their willingness to supply contact information. Significant differences were found in socio-demographics, online habits, trip characteristics, and website design preferences. Implications for lodging marketers are presented and future research topics are discussed.     

Native American casino marketing on the web

The Internet and its component, the World Wide Web (WWW or Web), as well as the casino industry grew tremendously in the United States in the past decade. While there are various estimates about the future size of the Internet and the casino market, all agree that the two will continue to grow substantially. However, very few studies have discussed Internet use within the casino industry. This study reviewed 58 Class III Native American casino web sites. Content areas analyzed included introduction to the casino organization, local destination attractions, food and beverage services, accommodations, entertainment and recreation facilities, maps and directions to casinos, links to related commercial and regulatory agency web sites, and user friendliness. Web site features were evaluated based on marketing mix and principles.     

Tourism,Health and Quality of Life:

Tourism is regarded by society as being a healthy pursuit and a factor in increasing quality of life. This paper examines concepts of quality of life, health and the promotional tenets of tourism marketing-the "Four S's," and examines the healthiness of these pursuits. The paper questions whether it is repsonsible to continue to use these themes in the future. Finally, a new paradigm for tourism marketing and promotion is presented.     

Conceptualising a contemporary marketing mix for sustainable tourism

This paper outlines how marketing, though traditionally considered an enemy of sustainability, can play a role in implementing sustainable tourism. It notes the redefinition in 2007 by the American Marketing Association of marketing's aims to consider wider societal issues beyond those of clients and customers. It illustrates how the recognition of the importance of sustainable tourism at all scales of tourism activity provides marketing with an opportunity to pursue sustainability outcomes. We review the strategic tourism marketing planning process and conceptually develop a sustainability tourism marketing model that embeds sustainability considerations at each stage of the planning process. Our proposed model contributes to sustainable tourism theory development and offers a conceptual tool for managing a tourism organisation's ecological and societal footprint on the supply side and a critical opportunity for transforming consumer decision-making on the demand side, irrespective of tourism scale. A 30-cell matrix is proposed that cross-references a strong set of 10 marketing elements (product, price, promotion, place, participants, process, physical evidence, partnership, packaging and programming) against the questions posed by the triple bottom line of economic factors, the environmental and sociocultural concern, creating a check list of indicators for management purposes.     

Relationship marketing and airline loyalty schemes

This article examines the emerging concept of relationship marketing in an accessible way through an explanation of airline loyalty schemes. It provides evidence that success from relationship marketing schemes is not easily achieved. This is because of the proliferation of loyalty schemes and the build up of rewards to be redeemed which has affected levels of profitability and effectiveness.     

"资源、规模和效益"同步错位关系及路径转化——31个省(区、直辖市)旅游发展比较研究

个体内部要素的组合关系可以反映整体之间的差异.区域旅游发展内部要素间存在不同步关系,旅游资源(resource)、游客规模(scale)和经济效益(income)存在错位,笔者称之为"RSI错位现象".本文以31省、市、自治区为单元,按"要素组合-区域类型-类型比较"的思路,采用旅游资源丰度、接待国内游客规模及国内旅游收入3项指标,依照"R-S-I的组合关系"对区域进行类型划分并予以比较.区域旅游发展按"S-I组合关系"可以分为强同步区、弱同步区、优等错位区和劣等错位区,按"R-S-I的组合关系"可以细分为8种类型;发现区域旅游发展要素间关系复杂、出现多元化特征、区域间存在巨大差距等规律;分析各种类型特点并指出其转化路径及实现途径,为区域旅游发展提供理论依据.     

Social media micro-film marketing by Chinese destinations: The case of Shaoxing

Marketing destinations by micro-films via social media is becoming more popular among Chinese destinations. Little has been published about this phenomenon in the tourism literature. Using a netnographic case study from the city of Shaoxing, this research revealed the success factors for micro-film marketing by destinations. The research results showed that during the micro-film diffusion process, destination marketers were continuously and actively engaging with followers and online and offline marketing efforts were well planned and integrated. Attractions without uniqueness were impressive to viewers by being embodied in a romantic theme. Suggestions and implications for destination marketing are given.