基于灰色系统的地基沉降预测与分析

院道路地基变形的影响因素复杂,受到地质条件、上部载荷、地下水以及施工过程等的影响,同时这些影响具有不确定性,其沉降变形是一个典型的灰色系统问题.在系统分析了道路地基变形的影响因素基础上,结合工程实例,应用灰色系统理论 GM(1,1)对道路地基沉降进行预测,并对观测数据与预测数据进行对比分析.研究结果表明基于灰色系统的地基沉降预测值与实测值基本吻合,可以为地基工程的沉降变形提供预测分析     

不同土层组合对层式复合地基沉降的影响

近年来,随着国民经济的发展,我国高速公路得到了迅速的发展,从已建软土地基上高速公路运行情况来看,工后沉降普遍较大。交通荷载作用下路面的沉降变形,一直是工程界普遍关心的问题,也是一值得深入研究的课题。首先建立复合地基的沉降模型,并采用弹塑性土体本构关系,使用有限单元法研究不同的土层组合对沉降量的影响。     

桩顶设置完全柔性桩垫的桩体复合地基模型试验研究

对不同桩体材料的复合地基及加桩垫和土工格栅的复合地基竖向静载的模型试验,分析了在相同条件下,传统复合地基、桩顶加完全柔性桩垫、桩顶加完全柔性桩垫和土工格栅的三种不同的地基情况中地基沉降及桩土应力比的变化规律。研究发现,在传统复合地基桩顶加入桩垫及桩垫和土工格栅后,复合地基的沉降及沉降差明显增大;复合地基的桩土应力比有明显的减小,复合地基桩土受力更均匀。     

武广客运专线CFG桩复合地基沉降分析研究

以客运专线典型路基断面沉降观测数据为基础.分析研究CFG桩复合地基在路堤填筑施工期及施工完成后的放置期内的沉降变形情况,并在此基础上预测CFG桩复合地基的总沉降量和工后沉降量。用于指导工程施工。同时得出了在柔性荷载作用下CFG桩复合地基沉降变形的基本特点。     

四川攀枝花某海绵钛工程地基沉降处理——地基高压喷射注浆与树根桩在实际工程中的运用

文章对四川攀枝花某海绵钛工程地基沉降的原因进行了分析判断,并在地基沉降处理过程中对地基高压喷射注浆法和地基高压喷射注浆与树根桩结合形成复合地基了法两种处理方案进行对比,论述了地基高压喷射注浆与树根桩结合形成复合地基法的处理方案在地基沉降处理中的安全性、经济了性及可靠性。     

高速公路软土地基沉降预测方法综述

文章首先介绍了软土路基沉降机理,然后根据复杂的软土地基的特点,分析了预测高速公路软土地基沉降的一些方法,比如分层总和法、双曲线法、灰色系统法、遗传算法等,希望带来准确预测高速公路软土地基的沉降量办法的一些参考价值。     

素混凝土桩复合地基在高层建筑中的应用

文章结合素混凝土桩复合地基的工作机理,以素混凝土桩加固处理工程为例,对素混凝土桩在复合地基中的设计和沉降、施工进行了分析,说明采用素混凝土桩加固地基可很好地解决高层建筑地基沉降问题,应用前景十分广阔。     

素混凝土桩复合地基在高层建筑中的应用

文章结合素混凝土桩复合地基的工作机理,以素混凝土桩加固处理工程为例,对素混凝土桩在复合地基中的设计和沉降、施工进行了分析,说明采用素混凝土桩加固地基可很好地解决高层建筑地基沉降问题,应用前景十分广阔.     

浅谈软土地基的治理措施

软土地基下沉的一个主要原因是软土地基的沉降,包括瞬时沉降、固结沉降和次固结沉降三部分,文章结合具体工程实践,针对不同的原因采用不同的地基处理技术,明显的提高了复合地基的承载力,取得了令人满意的效果。     

浅谈软土地基的治理措施

软土地基下沉的一个主要原因是软土地基的沉降,包括瞬时沉降、固结沉降和次固结沉降三部分。本文结合具体工程实践,针对不同的原因采用不同的地基处理技术,明显的提高了复合地基的承载力,取得了令人满意的效果。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.