中国的“热钱”问题初步研究

热钱是只为追求最高报酬以最低风险而在国际金融市场上迅速流动的短期投机性资金。我国自然是热钱流入的热土。本文分析了热钱流入途径和对经济我国带来的影响。为有效地阻止热钱的流入,建立金融稳定监控和预警系统提供理论参考。     

国际“热钱”测算方法的梳理与评述

国际＂热钱＂大规模流入流出对于一国宏观经济稳定遣成不利影响,准确测算流入或流出一国的＂热钱＂规模对于维持该国宏观经济稳定具有重要意义。＂热钱＂流动往往具有隐蔽性,使得准确测算其规模存在技术上的诸多困难。针对这一问题,国内外学者从不同角度提出了测算方法,本文对这些方法进行梳理和评述,以供后续研究者在遴选测算方法时参考借鉴。     

国际"热钱":中国一个必须正视的博弈

近几年美元走弱、人民币走强,形成一定的利差空间,给国际"热钱"有机可乘,致使大量国际"热钱"不断流入中国,伺机兴风作浪,投机套利.无疑这会给中国经济发展和金融安全带来严重隐患.对于当前中国所面临的国际"热钱"流入问题,我们必须给予足够的关注和警惕.要对流入中国的国际"热钱"进行全面深入的分析,制定正确的治理策略,应对国际"热钱"的挑战.这对未来中国经济金融稳定发展具有重大的现实意义.     

浅析中国热钱流入问题

国外资本大量流入中国,寻求短期利润。即所谓的"热钱"大举涌入中国,而这一现象在2008年"次贷危机"之后尤为明显。据估计,流入中国的"热钱"规模大概在5000亿到1.75万亿左右。"热钱"的流入更加剧了中国已经存在的通货膨胀。为了减缓"热钱"流入对通货膨胀的加剧而采取的一系列措施,在一定程度上更有可能促进"热钱"的流入,同时,减少"热钱"的流入还可能威胁到中国经济的增长,随之而来是威胁到美国和全球经济的发展。针对这一我国目前面临的现实问题,本文将对中国"热钱"流入问题进行分析、研究。     

热钱流入与我国外汇储备激增

在我国外汇储备不断激增的背后,热钱的流入是不可忽视的一个重要因素,因为不论从经常项目和FDI的异常增长,还是从外汇储备增量减去贸易顺差以及FDI之差都可以看出热钱的影子,而人民币持续升值与中美利率倒挂则为热钱流入提供了坚实的利益动机.热钱流入的渠道主要在货物贸易、FDI以及地下钱庄.热钱流入的规模目前难以准确估计,但是它占外汇储备的比重较大,我们必须对它保持高度警惕.     

热钱流入与我国外汇储备激增

在我国外汇储备不断激增的背后,热钱的流入是不可忽视的一个重要因素,因为不论从经常项目和FDI的异常增长,还是从外汇储备增量减去贸易顺差以及FDI之差都可以看出热钱的影子,而人民币持续升值与中美利率倒挂则为热钱流入提供了坚实的利益动机.热钱流入的渠道主要在货物贸易、FDI以及地下钱庄.热钱流入的规模目前难以准确估计,但是它占外汇储备的比重较大,我们必须对它保持高度警惕.     

中国“热钱’凶猛？

因为十多年前那场东南亚金融危机,“热钱”问题便成为事关中国经济和金融安全、稳定的题中之义。近期在越南出现的恶性通货膨胀、货币大量贬值等问题,进一步引发了人们对中国热钱流入问题的担忧。     

热钱流入中国的动因:一个实证分析

热钱流入中国的动因可被归纳为"套汇"、"套利"和"套价",同时热钱流入也可能会反过来加剧人民币升值预期、中国和外国的利率差以及资本收益差。本文根据2005年1月至2010年12月的月度数据对二者之间的因果关系进行了"三重套利"的实证研究。从格兰杰因果检验和脉冲响应分析结果可见,人民币升值预期的"套汇因素"是吸引热钱流入中国最重要的原因。利率差和资本市场收益对热钱流入的影响不显著。热钱流入对人民币升值预期、利率差、房地产价格的变化没有显著影响,但对股票市场收益率有单向影响。     

浅议国际热钱对中国经济的影响

近年来，由于人民币升值预期和国内良好的经济形势，大量热钱通过各种渠道进入中国，引起了我国政府和学术界的关注。热钱流入中国，这对中国经济的健康复苏和宏观政策的有效运行都会产生不可低估的影响，值得我们高度重视。该文首先从国际热钱的特点、流入中国的途径、流入中国的原因这几个方面简要分析了热钱流入的情况，然后指出了国际热钱对中国经济的造成的影响，最后在此分析的基础上提出了一些解决问题的对策。     

论国际热钱对我国房地产和股票价格的影响与对策

随着我国经济全球化程度的逐步提高,国际热钱已经开始大规模涌入我国,主要在房地产和股票等高利润增长行业从事投机套利活动,使我国房地产市场、股票市场出现非理性发展.本文首先深入分析了热钱的特征、流入原因及其对我国经济的影响,然后运用VAR模型研究了热钱流入规模与我国房地产价格、股票价格之间的关系,并得出结论:境外热钱的流入在很大程度上推高了我国房地产价格指数,引发股票价格异常波动.最后,在实证结果的基础上提出了防止国际热钱在我国快速流入流出的对策建议.     

金融自由化风险向金融危机转化的可能性分析

本文认为,发展中国家的金融自由化在提高金融机构效率和赢利的同时,会带来许多新的风险,而且在一定条件下有可能导致金融危机。金融自由化带来的乐观预期和大量国外私人资本的内流会使汇率高估,极易遭受投机的攻击。从带来风险到最终引发金融危机,主要有三个风险阶段,即违约风险阶段、到期不能偿还风险阶段和汇率风险阶段。当金融自由化(如利率自由化、金融业务与机构准入自由化和资本账户自由化)带来的新的风险累积到风险临界值时,在受到国内突发事件、国际金融市场波动和投机资本攻击的情况下,金融自由化风险便会向金融危机演变。     

Theory for an age of crisis: seeing money as an organizational process

The worldwide financial crisis and the need to understand the conditions leading up to it and the associated responses highlight the importance of money in organizations. Yet, money is undertheorized in management theory and considered uninteresting or “inert” (Mitchel & Mickel, 1999 ). In contrast, related social sciences and organizational practices provide rich insights into the socially contingent and expressive qualities of money. This paper proposes a new multidimensional framework for analyzing money as a social construct and suggests how it can be used to theorize and research the collapse of financial markets and the Great Recession. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

International financial markets: Control or liberalization?

Exchange rates, interest rates and share prices are subject—at least occasionally—to great fluctuations. Diverse economists regard the volatility of international financial markets as a threat to the goods and labour markets. They blame the price turbulences on the speculative behaviour of a large section of market participants, and claim that the deregulation and liberalization of the international financial markets in the eighties has therefore already gone too far. Under discussion today are approaches to a re-regulation of the money, capital and foreign exchange markets. These proposals are evaluated in the following paper.     

我国货币供应量指标的改进——基于DivisiaMoney视角

随着中国资本市场的快速发展,各类公开证券市场的金融工具越来越多。它们的出现必定会对以货币供应量作为中介目标的合格性带来巨大影响。引入DivisiaMoney这种较为可行的方法来计量货币供应量的增长率,对改进我国现行的货币供应量指标体系具有实用价值,RWMS加权货币量的增长率是现阶段采用货币供应量作为中介目标的一个可能的选择。     

Hot Money, National Risk？

After the phasal cease of the financial crisis, from the latter half of 2009 and on, the international hot money has been trying to make a comeback and has .once again viewed China as its object. Many have chosen Hong Kong as the path into China. In the third quarter of 2009, the hot money which uses Hong Kong as its gateway to flow into mainland China has forced the Hong Kong Monetary Authority to inject capital into the market.     

Hot Money, National Risk?

After the phasal cease of the financial crisis, from the latter half of 2009 and on, the international hot money has been trying to make a comeback and has once again viewed China as its ohieet.Many have chosen Hong Kong as the path into China.In the third quarter of 2009, the hot money which uses Hong Kong as its gateway to flow into mainland China has forced the Hong Kong Monetary Authority to inject capital into the market.     

Investing in financial markets of east and Central Europe

The emerging financial markets in East and Central Europe have developed rapidly in the last five years particularly in Poland, Hungary, and the former Czechoslovakia (the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic). Marek Lorinc, a Slovak native, gives an overview of the current status and latest information on the stock, bond, money and over-the-counter equity markets in these countries with the interests of potential investors in mind.     

Bond Rate,Loan Rate and Tobin's q in a Temporary Equilibrium Model of the Financial Sector

The paper sets up a portfolio model of the financial sector with markets for equity, government bonds, money and debt. The comparative statics of the temporary equilibrium are studied analytically and numerically. Subsequent simulations explore the reactions of financial markets in response to stylized oscillations of some of the exogenous variables. These include economic activity, income distribution, inflation, investors' sentiment, and banks' perceived bankruptcy risk of firms. Special emphasis is put on the resulting cyclical pattern of Tobin's q and the interest spread between loan rate and bond rate.     

Modelling spillovers between stock market and FX market: evidence for Nigeria

Abstract

The need to capture the foreign exchange (FX) and stock markets nexus in Nigeria is underscored by the rapidly expanding financial markets integration due to trade and financial liberalization policies which seem to have enhanced the inflow of capital as well as accelerated investment/business interactions. Using variants of the VARMA-AMGARCH model of McAleer, Hoti, and Chan (2009), we find that volatility persistence in the stock market is accentuated by bad news in the market and moderated by good news in the FX market. Finally, we establish that ignoring the asymmetric effects may exaggerate the spillover results.     

Real and Financial Sector Interaction Under Liberalization in an Open Developing Economy

A short‐run model incorporates instantaneous portfolio equilibrium with macroeconomic flows to clarify the structure of real–financial sector interactions. If equity and foreign exchange markets are introduced in structuralist theories of asset markets in developing countries, the key result that a fall in money supply raises the rate of inflation now holds only under special conditions on partial derivatives. But there is a tendency for interest rates to rise and for fluctuations in asset prices. Fuller integration of asset markets moderates these fluctuations. Outcomes are stable in spite of the generalized complementarity distinguishing equity markets from loan markets. Expectations play a major role. Implications for policy are to link domestic interest rates to foreign, remove artificial barriers to market integration, and stimulate demand as well as supply.