基于知识的新创企业国际化驱动因素分析

新创企业国际化的不断发展对传统的国际化理论提出了挑战。通过对新创企业国际化的分析,指出新创企业国际化的关键在于国际化知识的积累。从如何实现国际化知识积累的角度,分析了企业家精神、企业网络和组织学习等因素对新创企业国际化的驱动作用。     

国际新创企业国际化程度与绩效关联性研究

伴随经济全球化趋势的加强,异于传统的跨国企业的新型国际企业组织——国际新创企业产生和逐步发展。国际新创企业在成立之初就开始走国际化路线,形成了新创企业国际化独有的虽企业规模小、资源匮乏但却已经涉足国际市场的新奇现象。使之成为国内外学术界研究的热点和焦点。本文试图对国际新创企业的兴起与发展及与其相关的主要理论内容进行梳理和评述,希冀能为后续学者进行相关问题的研究提供一个理论研究框架,并为我国新创企业的持续发展提供理论参考。     

网络能力对国际创业非财务绩效的影响

如今越来越多的新创企业开始把目光瞄准国际市场,这固然可以增加企业的利益,但同时也让企业面临着高成本与高风险。新创企业对面临着如何降低国际化风险和提高国际化利益的问题,本文通过对网络能力的分析,探讨它对新创企业国际绩效的影响,为新创企业在国际市场上取得较高的财务绩效提供一些参考。     

基于知识的企业国际化渐进性分析与路径选择

企业国际化依赖于国际化知识的积累和组织学习能力的提高。知识积累和国际化行为相互作用循环上升使企业的国际化过程表现出动态渐进的特征,企业决策者可以根据国际化过程的渐进性特征以及自身实际为企业的国际化拓展做出合适的路径安排。海尔、海信等企业的国际化实践,对尚处于国际化初级阶段的中国大多数企业产生启示作用。     

企业“天生全球化”文献综述与理论整合

传统理论认为,企业国际化是一个逐步开拓国际市场的过程.然而在过去的十多年内,越来越多的中小企业在成立不久就活跃在全球市场中并取得了较好的发展.这种现象展示了一种企业迅速国际化的发展道路,形成了企业国际化的特殊现象.本文通过文献梳理和整合,对这些新型国际化企业在概念、特征和动因上进行了分析.     

新创企业中高管特征与机会识别关系研究

新创企业指的是创业者利用自己发现的商业机会,通过自己整合资源、配置资源而形成的企业,通过为消费者提供产品和服务获取利益,创造价值。在新创企业发展过程中,机会识别无疑是十分重要的。在新创企业机会识别中,中高管特征与机会识别的关系成为我们研究的重点对象。笔者通过研究发现,新创企业中高管在一定程度上存在知识有限的情况,在商业环境中发现机会的能力和效率低下,新创企业在经营发展过程中,很容易受到法律、政策环境的影响,中高管只有提升自己知识时,才能促进企业机会的识别和获取。新创企业在经营过程中经常面临着习惯性的缺陷,在环境发生变化时不能及时的作出调整,使得机会识别变得困难重重。本文正是基于以上的研究提出了新创企业中高管特征与机会识别关系的研究,希望能对新创企业的经营做出指导,帮助企业成长。     

企业孵化器知识服务研究

企业孵化器作为一种知识服务型组织,提供的知识服务在新创企业的成长过程中起着及其重要的推动最用,但是目前学术界对孵化器知识服务的研究却很少见。本文首先介绍了知识服务的一般概念,在此基础上,对孵化器知识服务的内涵进行了界定,并分析了其流程和特征。     

新企业国际化理论对我国西部地区企业国际化的启示

企业国际化已成为当今世界经济运行的主要特征,随着经济全球化程度的不断加深,我国西部地区企业也不可避免地要面对国际化发展问题.本文从新企业国际化理论的企业集群、基础资源、组织学习和信息技术等角度,对西部地区企业国际化的现状进行初步的分析,并提出我国西部地区企业实行国际化经营的对策建议.     

动态能力视角下的国际新创企业研究综述

本文系统地回顾和批评性地考察动态能力视角下的国际新创企业研究文献。首先,系统地分析48篇期刊论文的发表时期和期刊分布趋势以及主要作者对该研究领域的贡献;接着,重点梳理了相关文献所涉及的研究情境、研究方法和研究主题;最后,从动态管理者能力、挖掘情境调节变量、国际化各维度等方面提出了动态能力视角下的国际新创企业研究的未来方向。     

新创企业国际化视角下国际商务理论新领域研究

伴随着我国改革开放进程的不断深入推进,许多新鲜事物在我国如雨后春笋般繁荣发展,众多新型行业突破了传统行业的发展壁垒,为我国经济发展带来了全新的增长点。这些新创企业为了在市场竞争中占有一席之地,希望通过进行国际化发展来增强市场竞争能力,但是我国国际商务开展时间尚短,无论是理论基础还是实践经验都不如西方发达国家成熟,这也是企业发展没有安全可靠的理论依据。文章从新创企业出发,探究了企业进行国际化发展的原因和意义,希望能为我国企业转型升级提供一定的借鉴作用。     

International social SMEs in emerging countries: Do governments support their international growth?

Through an empirical research developed based on a sample of five international social SMEs in a Chinese city, this study examines the internationalization of social enterprises. Its purpose is to evaluate the role played by governments in supporting international growth. This is done using behavioural theory dimensions of prevalence, relevance, urgency, accessibility, and radicalness. From our analysis, local government supports the launch of social SMEs but this is limited to their growth stage. Entrepreneurial skills and external networks, thus, become crucial factors in the development of a new international business development model, encouraging further scholarly investigation.     

基于全球价值链视角的地方产业集群国际化发展研究

在经济全球化时代,对于大部分地方产业集群而言,通过嵌入全球价值链实现国际化发展是一个必然过程。本文以价值链理论为基础,以是否嵌入全球价值链为标准,将地方产业集群发展分为内源式和国际化两个阶段,并对地方产业集群国际化发展的类型、方式和程度等进行研究。为了分析转型期发展起来的中国产业集群的国际化发展情况,本文以浙江温州鞋业集群为例,对其进行了实证研究。     

Business Relationship Learning and Commitment in the Internationalization Process

This paper is based on a case study of an international venture and on the observations reported by a number of researchers that the received models of the internationalization process of the firm do not capture some important phenomena in the modern international business world. As several researchers argue that networks play an important role in the early internationalization the paper outlines a network model of the internationalization process of the firm. It combines the experiential learning–commitment interplay as the driving mechanism from the old internationalization process model with a similar experiential learning–commitment mechanism focusing on business network relationships. In the resulting model we can see firms learning in relationships, which enables them to enter new country markets in which they can develop new relationships which give them a platform for entering other country markets.     

Internationalization and entrepreneurial orientation of family SMEs: The influence of the family character

Internationalization is an important entrepreneurial strategy for promoting the long-term growth and survivability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Family involvement in top management teams (TMTs) can explain the heterogeneous behaviors of these firms’ international entrepreneurship process. This paper analyzes the moderating effects of the family’s influence on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and internationalization with two TMT diversities found only in family firms: the family TMT ratio and generational involvement. An analysis of 191 Spanish family SMEs indicated that entrepreneurial orientation plays a significant role in explaining the degree of internationalization in family firms and that a diversely formed TMT shapes this relationship. A high concentration of family members in managerial positions hinders the international entrepreneurship process. This fact highlights the importance of hiring non-family managers to promote internationalization. The results also reveal that involving multiple generations in decision-making hampers entrepreneurial internationalization, generating control and coordination problems.     

Top management team characteristics and firm internationalization: The moderating role of the size of middle managers

This paper examines the influence of the top management teams' (TMTs) characteristics, including tenure and international experience, on the degree of firm internationalization. In addition, this study explores the moderating effect of the size of middle managers (MMs) on the relationship between the TMT characteristics and the degree of firm internationalization. This study use the information-process perspective to emphasize that MMs provide information processing capabilities that assist TMTs as they cope with the high information-processing demands of the strategic decision-making process in international markets. We test the hypotheses using a sample of listed manufacturing firms in the electro-optical and textile industries during the 2006–2010 period. The findings indicate that TMT tenure has an inverted U-shaped relationship with firm internationalization and TMT international experience has a positively affect the firm internationalization. Furthermore, we find that large MM size positively enhances the inverted U-shaped relationship between TMT tenure and firm internationalization.     

关于证券市场国际化的几个问题

本文在分析证券市场国际化的含义和主要表现的基础上明确提出,我国证券市场的国际化既包括证券市场的开放,也包括制度的转换,两者必须有机地结合运行;我国证券市场的国际化进程应该同人民币的国际化和资本项目下的自由化协同进行;同时必须坚持循序渐进的原则,按照一定的次序分阶段推进.     

Towards a framework for the study of franchising as an operating mode for international retail companies

In recent years franchising has become a popular operating strategy for companies competing in the global marketplace. In particular, international retailing companies have increasingly been adopting franchising as a marketentry mechanism. While this growth in the popularity of franchising has led to increased research interest in the topic, there has only recently been a recognition of the need to consider franchising within the wider context of retailer internationalization activity. This paper attempts to provide a framework for the study of franchising as a strategy for retailers expanding into international markets. The discussion examines key findings to date from the established literature on international franchising concerning the motivations underlying internationalization, the internationalization process itself and the operating problems encountered. It is argued that a careful examination of findings from the international franchising literature can provide further development of retail internationalization conceptualization.     

The Internationalization of Small and Medium-Sized Firms

This paper contributes to the existing research by integrating the notions of organizational learning and entrepreneurial orientation into the body of international entrepreneurship. Our primary framework combines learning theory and the new venture theory of internationalization to study the extent to which small and medium-sized companies engage in international activities. We found that the firms’ international learning effort and entrepreneurial orientation are positively associated with internationalization intent whereas domestic learning effort is negatively related with internationalization intent. Overall, our results suggest (1) that intensive knowledge renewal and exploitation regarding foreign markets and the internationalization process itself may increase internationalization by affecting the perceptions of opportunities offered by further international expansion, and (2) that firms with an entrepreneurial mindset may be more likely to develop a long-term, substantial presence in the international arena, compared to firms that are more reactive or conservative.     

Upstream internationalization process: Roles of social capital in creating exploratory capability and market performance

This paper investigates to what extent resource governance of international ventures affects dynamic capability and market performance in the high-tech firms’ internationalization process. We examine the non-equity-based international network collaborations of high-tech firms as forms of strategic resource seeking within the internationalization process. Within the context of upstream technology collaborations by international software and hardware firms, this paper proposes and empirically examines the impact of resource governance mechanisms (i.e. trust-building and behavioral monitoring) on the exploratory capabilities of firms. The findings indicate that building trust in the internationalization process of network ventures contributes to the firm-level exploratory capabilities and, in turn, market performance. Furthermore, this paper tests the moderating effects of structural capital on the capability–performance relationship. The relationship is stronger when network relationships existed before the inception of the international technology alliance. We also find a negative moderating effect from the existence of an actual alliance and from network duration on the relationship between exploratory capability and market performance. To this end, the longevity of the alliance may not always be something firms should aim for. The paper highlights the criticality of relational and structural capital in the internationalization process and the importance of exploratory capability for creating radical innovation in high-tech industries.     

The inception of internationalization of small and medium enterprises: The role of activeness and networks

This study analyzes how exporters begin their internationalization leveraging information collected through interviews with 109 Chinese textile manufacturers. It examines whether firms that found their first international clients through a “proactive” search are likely to export faster, more intensively, and to a larger number of markets. The findings illustrate that the proactiveness of the search for the first client in a foreign market is an important predictor of the intensity and geographic scope of the firm's internationalization path but not of its speed. They support the view of internationalization as an actively pursued entrepreneurial process, which may also be affected by serendipitous events. This study provides new evidence on the first international business discovery of Chinese exporters, contributing to the literature on international entrepreneurship, international new ventures and the network approach to internationalization.