影响农副食品加工企业生产碳标签食品的主要因素研究

碳标签食品既能有效约束食品生产企业的碳排放,又能积极引导消费者的低碳消费潮流.文章通过对山东苍山和江苏丰县87家农副食品加工企业调研,采用偏最小二乘法分析影响企业生产碳标签食品的主要因素.结果表明,按照影响程度由强到弱排列,技术创新投入、政府扶持力度、市场需求、HACCP认证和企业能源消耗等因素均与企业选择生产碳标签食品显著正相关;但ISO14000环境管理认证对于企业生产碳标签食品却有显著的消极作用.     

碳标签推广应用的国际经验与中国策略

碳标签是将产品温室气体排放信息通过标签标示出来，从而引导公众低碳消费，促进企业低碳生产。国际经验表明，碳标签对推进本国低碳转型、提升国际低碳竞争力具有重要作用。中国推广应用碳标签取得了积极成效，推动了企业节能减排、促进了公众参与，但还存在一些短板。为此，中国应加快完善标准体系，补齐基础数据库短板；加快培育第三方机构，发挥非政府组织的作用；鼓励企业推广应用碳标签，促进低碳生产；引导消费者认可碳标签，促进低碳消费。     

移动支付对居民消费的影响——基于CHFS的实证分析

随着移动互联网的普及,移动支付逐渐成为消费者的支付习惯.从双通道心理账户理论、交易成本以及流动性约束三方面分析移动支付对消费的影响机制,采用两阶段最小二乘法进行估计,结果显示,移动支付对家庭总消费、食品支出、教育支出、文娱支出有显著的正向影响,其中对食品支出的影响最大,对文娱支出的影响最小.     

夏威夷农产品礼物篮的消费者偏好分析——对于广州购买者的问卷研究

文章使用广州的调研数据,采用联合分析方法研究了消费者对于高价值、夏威夷生产的食品礼物篮的偏好.我们计算了相对重要性指标衡量消费者对礼物篮属性的评价.研究得到了三点结论:(1)食品和容器应为"夏威夷制造",从而使得消费者愿意支付高的价格;(2)企业消费者一般不愿意为礼物篮支付高的价格;(3)个人消费者愿意支付高价格的奎阿相思木礼物篮.这说明一个新兴的高消费阶层在中国出现.     

我国企业碳信息披露的构想

我国企业完善碳信息披露,要做好碳管理、碳核算、碳排放报告和碳核查,这四者是相互联系、相辅相成的.碳管理的业绩是进行碳核算、碳排放报告的基础,开展碳核算是编制碳排放报告的前提,碳核查为碳核算、碳排放报告提供了质量保证,碳管理水平的提高又减少了碳核查的风险.     

基于MRIO模型的中国对外贸易隐含碳及排放责任研究

国际贸易中的隐含碳对全球碳排放责任的界定和气候政策的制定有重要的影响。由于生产技术差异对国际贸易模式有很大影响,在经济全球化背景下,对外贸易隐含碳的测算需要考虑贸易伙伴生产技术水平和能源结构之间的差异。本文建立多区域投入产出模型测算中国对外贸易隐含碳并比较其生产和消费排放责任后发现,中国对外贸易隐含碳净出口占中国碳排放的11.77%～19.93%,中国的生产碳排放从1995年的29.2亿吨增加到2009年的70.8亿吨,而消费碳排放在1995年和2009年分别只有24.7亿吨和61.8亿吨。文章进而采用结构分解分析和碳排放贸易条件解释这一现象,并将其具体到主要贸易伙伴,从而证明目前的国际碳排放核算体系引起了消费和全球生产系统的分离。经过贸易调整后的基于消费的碳排放核算体系不仅可为减排责任的分担提供一个新途径,而且可为利用贸易政策实现减排提供新的思路。     

城镇化水平与能源消费碳排放的关系探讨 ——以山东省为例

探究城镇化水平与能源消费碳排放的关系,考虑到人口数、富裕度和能源强度等因素也会对碳排放产生重要影响,因此将上述因素一并纳入修正的STIRPAT模型,借助岭回归分析法来降低模型的多重共线性,来探究1996—2019年山东省城镇化水平与能源消费碳排放的关系以及验证城镇化水平与能源消费碳排放之间是否存在倒U型曲线关系.研究发现,城镇化水平与能源消费碳排放之间存在一定程度的正相关,且城镇化水平与能源消费碳排放之间存在倒U型关系的结论.最后针对研究结论,结合当前山东省的城镇化发展给出了政策建议.     

欧洲议会进一步规范婴儿奶粉标签

据欧盟官方网站消息，为正常消费食品和特定群体所需食品区分难的问题，保护婴儿、有特殊医疗需要者等脆弱群体利益，欧洲议会公共健康与食品安全委员会近日全票通过新的法规，进一步简化并明确界定对婴儿奶粉等产品标签和产品成分的要求。新法规要求，这些特殊食品的标签必须准确、清晰、容易为消费者理解，不得印有婴儿图像或暗示为最理想产品等内容。     

中国企业应对碳标签制度的战略研究

随着低碳经济的快速发展与节能减排意识在全球范围内的普及,一个新的概念产品碳标签制度已在日本、欧美等一些国家开始实施,这意味着发达国家消费者开始优先选择低碳产品。我国企业出口重点是日本与欧美等国家,日本与欧美又是率先推出碳标签制度的国家,认真研究和关注国外碳标签的发展情况,并尽早制定出防范碳标签的对策,避免因碳标签成为我国企业产品出口贸易的新型技术壁垒,影响我国企业国际化的进程,应及早的做出防范发展的对策。     

夏威夷农产品礼物篮的消费者偏好分析——对于广州购买者的问卷研究

文章使用广州的调研数据，采用联合分析方法研究了消费者对于高价值、夏威夷生产的食品礼物篮的偏好。我们计算了相对重要性指标衡量消费者对礼物篮属性的评价。研究得到了三点结论：（1）食品和容器应为“夏威夷制造”，从而使得消费者愿意支付高的价格；（2）企业消费者一般不愿意为礼物篮支付高的价格；（3）个人消费者愿意支付高价格的奎阿相思木礼物篮。这说明一个新兴的高消费阶层在中国出现。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

文化传播中电视暴力对青少年侵犯行为的影响

伴随当代传媒产业的蓬勃发展,暴力也成为影视艺术基本的叙事类型及消费主义文化日趋盛行的现实语境。＂电视暴力＂是作为＂媒介暴力＂的一个子概念存在的;从文化传播看电视暴力,其覆盖面大,且易于接触;电视暴力对受众特别是青少年的影响巨大而深刻。要从制作者、传播者和观众三个方面的自律出发,建立适应我国国情的影视分级制。