金融支持新型农业经营主体面临的制度优势、约束和创新发展方向探析——以重庆市为例

新型主体金融需求迥异于传统农户,更适合传统农户的农村金融供给体系已无法满足新型主体金融需求,并成为深化农村金融改革的关键瓶颈。本文对新型农业经营主体的融资现状和特点进行了分析。从整个农村改革发展的宏观视角,全面剖析了金融创新支持新型农业经营主体发展面临的优势和制度约束,并在此基础上,提出了推进新型农业经营主体金融改革创新试点的政策建议。     

金融支持新型农业经营主体面临的制度优势、约束和创新发展方向探析——以重庆市为例

新型主体金融需求迥异于传统农户,更适合传统农户的农村金融供给体系已无法满足新型主体金融需求,并成为深化农村金融改革的关键瓶颈。本文对新型农业经营主体的融资现状和特点进行了分析。从整个农村改革发展的宏观视角,全面剖析了金融创新支持新型农业经营主体发展面临的优势和制度约束,并在此基础上,提出了推进新型农业经营主体金融改革创新试点的政策建议。     

农村金融供给侧改革的主要任务及侧重点分析

农村金融供给侧改革今后必将以服务农村规模经营主体为重点,成为推动农业供给侧结构性改革、推动农业一、二、三产业融合发展乃至农业现代化的"加速器"。文章认为,农村金融的供给侧改革重点应着力新型农业经营主体,战略上要着眼于打好持久战,坚持稳中求进,把握好节奏和力度;战术上要抓住关键点,致力于打好协同战,重点做好增产能、去库存、降成本、补短板、去风险,完成五大任务。     

创新农村金融体制支持新型农业经营主体发展——以福建省建宁县为例

新形势下加快发展新型农业经营主体,对实现农业现代化和新农村建设具有重要意义。本文以福建省建宁县为例,介绍当前农村金融组织现状及新型农业经营主体发展情况,分析制约金融支持农业经营主体的主要因素,提出创新农村金融体制以促进新型农村经营主体健康发展的构想。     

农村金融机构支持农业供给侧改革路径调查——以河北省唐山市农村信用社为例

2016年,中央明确提出要推进农业供给侧改革,这为农村金融机构提出了新的使命和创新工作的重点.唐山农村信用社积极落实国家和上级单位政策,将支持本地区农业供给侧改革列为一项重点工作,健全农村金融服务体系,扩大涉农服务覆盖面,打牢农业供给侧改革金融供给的基础;大力支持农业新型经营主体,推动农业适度规模经营,促进农业生产经营方式转变;着力支持涉农中小微企业做强做大,推动农村种养加一体化,促进农村一二三产业深度融合协调发展;加强农村金融服务创新,着力提高农业供给效率,不断满足农业改革发展需要.     

大型商业银行的支农定位

2006年中央一号文件《关于推进社会主义新农村建设的若干意见》提出:要加快推进农村金融改革,继续发挥农行支持农业和农村经济发展的作用。农行作为大型商业银行,在支持新农村建设中应该发挥什么作用,如何发挥其作用,怎样才能更好地发挥作用,这是农村金融改革急需解决的一个重要课题。由于我国农村金融供给与需求存在着自身的特点,大型商业银行与新农村建设的作用机制也具有特殊的规律。农村金融供给与需求(一)农村金融供给经过20多年的改革发展,我国农村金融供给主体已初步形成以商业性金融、政策性金融、合作金融以及多种形式的非金融机构…     

欠发达地区农业金融供需错配问题研究

在乡村振兴背景之下,因地制宜发展农业特色产业,是实现乡村振兴目标的一条有效路径。完备健全的金融支持体系是保障农业特色产业发展的主要基础,作为欠发达地区,制约农业特色产业发展的重要因素之一就是农村金融服务不足。对此,以欠发达地区忻州市特色杂粮产业为例,对72家杂粮类新型农业经营主体和辖区存款类金融机构开展调研,解剖农村金融供需错配现象,研究发现金融供需错配的根本原因在于现有农村金融支持体系难以适应农业产业化发展的内在特点。须继续深化农村金融改革,着力破解金融服务供给侧难题,使农村金融支持体系主动适应乡村振兴背景下的三农金融需求。     

论供需失衡状态下的中国农村金融服务创新

多元化的农村金融服务主体需求与主流金融供给主体缺位,多元化、立体化的农村贷款需求与单一的农村金融服务供给,不断增加的中间业务需求与匮乏的金融中间业务供给,日益增加的农业保险需求与日益萎缩的农业保险服务等,意味着我国农村金融供需已经严重失衡.失衡的主要原因在于农村金融呈现非有效供给与非有效需求并存,政策性保险和政策性金融缺位.应通过体制创新、监管创新、产品创新和业务创新等实现农村金融的供需平衡.     

河北省新型农业经营主体金融服务供给现状

近几年,河北省新型农业经营主体的数量和规模不断增加,经营方式也向规模化、集约型转变。河北省农业经营主体金融服务创新是现代农业发展的重要助推力。面对新型农业经营主体新的金融需求,河北省新型农业经营主体金融服务供给在主体、金融、服务创新、政策力度方面均有所发展。     

农村供给侧结构性改革与县域农村金融创新发展

论文在回顾供给经济学发展历程的基础上,从时代特征、经济结构情况、产业状况、经济变革使命等角度阐述了我国供给侧结构性改革与西方供给经济学的区别。论文系统探讨了农业供给侧结构性改革推进过程中应当重视的五个方面,即人力资本供给、土地制度改革、培育新型经营主体、农村社会保障体制建设、农村金融供给。同时强调,农业供给侧结构性改革为县域金融发展提供了新的历史机遇,农村金融机构要从体制、机制、产品和文化等层面开展有效创新。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…